Ecotoxicological effects of heavy metal stress on antioxidant enzyme levels of Triticum aestivum cv. Alpu

Year 2011, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 1 - 6, 15.12.2011

Ayşe Ak Ersin Yücel

Abstract

Pollution caused by heavy metals is one of the factors that reduces yield and quality and affects all aspects of crop production negatively. Activation and induction of superoxide dismutase SOD and catalase CAT enzymes are one of the metal detoxification mechanisms in plants and it is important that combined effect of SOD and CAT enzymes are mitigating the effects of oxidative stress. In this study, ecotoxicological effects of cadmium, lead and cadmium+lead on antioxidant enzyme levels in wheat Triticum aestivum L. cv. Alpu were investigated. As a result of different concentrations 100, 200 and 300 µM applied heavy metals cadmium, lead and cadmium + lead has led to decreases in SOD and catalase enzyme activity. Heavy metal cadmium has the least impact on the activity of SOD and combined effect of heavy metals cadmium + lead was found to be more effective on the activity of catalase enzyme when compared to one by one application of cadmium and lead. In addition, effects of heavy metal depend on metal type and concentration on enzyme activities in wheat

Keywords

Antioxidant enzyme, Heavy metal, Catalase, SOD, Wheat

Triticum aestivum cv. Alpu buğday çeşidinde ağır metal stresinin antioksidan enzim seviyeleri üzerine ekotoksikolojik etkileri

Abstract

Bitkisel üretimin tüm aşamalarını olumsuz etkileyen, verim ile kaliteyi düşüren faktörlerden birisi ağır metallerin sebep olduğu kirliliktir. Süperoksit dismutaz SOD ve katalaz CAT enzimlerinin uyarılması ve aktivasyonu bitkilerdeki önemli metal detoksifikasyon mekanizmalarından olup SOD ve CAT enzimlerinin kombine etkisi oksidatif stresin etkilerini hafifletmede önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, kadmiyum, kurşun ve kadmiyum+kurşunun buğdayda Triticum aestivum L. cv. Alpu antioksidan enzim seviyeleri üzerine ekotoksikolojik etkileri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak farklı konsantrasyonlarda 100, 200 ve 300 µM uygulanan ağır metaller kadmiyum kurşun ve kadmiyum + kurşun SOD ve katalaz enzim aktivitesinde azalışlara neden olmuştur. SOD enzim aktivitesi, ağır metallerin kombine etkisinin kadmiyum + kurşun tek tek ağır metal uygulamasına göre katalaz enzim aktivitesi üzerinde daha fazla etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca ağır metalin etkisi ağır metalin çeşidine ve konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak bitkinin enzim seviyelerini değiştirmektedir

Keywords

Antioksidan enzim, Ağır metal, Katalaz, SOD, Buğday

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