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“Kiraz Sapı” adı altında satılan bitkisel materyallerin morfolojik ve anatomik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 92 - 102, 15.08.2019

Abstract

Cerasus avium (L.) Moench (Kiraz), kışın yapraklarını döken, meyvelerinden dolayı yaygın şekilde kültürü yapılan ağaç formunda bir bitkidir. Kuzey Anaolu’da doğal olarak yetişmektedir. Meyveleri gıda olarak tüketildiği için yaygın olarak kültürü yapılır. Türkiye dünyanın en büyük kiraz üreticilerinden biridir. Bitkinin yaprak, meyve ve meyve sapları tedavi edici özellikleri nedeniyle geleneksel olarak kullanılır. Meyve sapları halk arasında diüretik ve vücudu güçlendirici olarak, ayrıca ishal kesici etkisi nedeniyle tüketilmektedir. C. vulgaris Miller (vişne) meyve sapları da aynı amaçla “kiraz sapı” adı ile satılmaktadır.
Çalışma, Türkiye’nin 5 farklı bölgesine ait 5 farklı ilden satın alınan 13 farklı örnek üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Standart örnek olarak kullanılmak üzere Ankara çevresinden taze örnekler toplanmıştır. Standart örnekler ve piyasadan temin edilen örneklerin morfolojik özellikleri karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Standart örneklerin (beyaz ve kırmızı meyveye sahip kiraz örnekleri) meyve saplarından enine ve yüzeyel kesitler alınarak anatomik yapıları belirlenmiştir. Örnekler toz edilerek de karekteristik yapıları incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, Cerasus vulgaris (vişne) meyve sapının anatomik ve morfolojik özellikleri de karşılaştırmalı olarak çalışılmıştır. C. vulgaris meyve saplarının kiraz saplarından genellikle daha uzun olduğu gözlenmiştir. C. avium ve C. vulgaris türlerinin meyve saplarının anatomik yapı açısından bir farklılık göstermediği, ancak kiraz ve vişne örneklerinin druz yoğunluğu açısından farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Browicz, K. (1972). Cerasus Duhamel. In Davis, P. H. (ed). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Vol. 4. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, p. 18.
  • Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., & Babaç, M. T. (eds). (2012). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırma Derneği Yayını.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (2019), Bilgi Dağıtım ve İletişim Daire Başkanlığı, Bilgi Dağıtım Grubu, bilgi@tuik.gov.tr, Dış Ticaret İstatistikleri-Tüik (https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/disticaretapp/menu.zul), (Erişim tarihi: 04.02.2019).
  • İslam, A. (2002). “Kiraz” cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus). New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 30, 301-302. https://doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2002.9514227
  • Kalyoncu, I. H., Ersoy, N., & Yılmaz, M. (2009). Some physico-chemical properties and mineral contents of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) type grown in Konya. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(12), 2744-2749.
  • Motti, R., Antignani, V., & Idolo, M. (2009). Traditional plant use in the Phlegraean Fields Regional Park (Campania, Southern Italy). Human Ecology, 37, 775-782. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-009-9254-1
  • Savo, V., Giulia, C., Maria, G. P., & David, R. (2011). Folk phytotherapy of the Amalfi Coast (Campania, Southern Italy). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 135(2), 376-392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.027
  • Cornara, L., La Rocca, A., Terrizzano, L., Dente, F., & Mariotti, M. G. (2014). Ethnobotanical and phytomedical knowledge in the North-Western Ligurian Alps. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,155, 463-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.046
  • Benitez, G., Gonzalez-Tejero, M. R., & Molero-Mesa, J. (2010). Pharmaceutical ethnobotany in the western part of Granada province (southern Spain): Ethnopharmacological synthesis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 129, 87-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.02.016
  • Baytop, T. (1999). Türkiye’de Bitkilerle Tedavi (Geçmişte ve Bugün). İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  • Kültür, S. (2007). Medicinal plants used in Kırklareli Province (Turkey). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 111, 341-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.035
  • Sargın, S. A., Akçicek, E., & Selvi, S. (2013). An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the local people of Alaşehir (Manisa) in Turkey. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 150, 860-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.040
  • Güneş, F. (2017). Medicinal plants used in the Uzunköprü district of Edirne, Turkey. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 6(4), 3565. https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.3565
  • Doğru Koca, A., & Yıldırımlı, S. (2010). Ethnobotanical properties of Akçakoca district in Düzce (Turkey). Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 38, 63-69.
  • Khalid, S. A., Gellert, M., Szendrei, K., & Duddeck, H. (1989). Prunetin 5-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, an isoflavone from the peduncle of Prunus avium and P. cerasus. Phytochemistry, 28(5), 1560-1561. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97795-1
  • Prvulovic, D., Popovic, M., Malencic, D., Ljubojevic, M., & Ognjanov, V. (2011). Phenolic compounds in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) petioles and their antioxidant properties. Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 43(2), 198-202.
  • Bursal, E., Köksal, E., Gülçin, İ., Bilsel, G., & Gören, A. C. (2013). Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of cherry stem (Cerasus avium L.) determined by LC–MS/MS. Food Research International, 51(1), 66-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.11.022
  • Bastos, C., Barros, L., Duenas, M., Calhelha, R. C., Queiroz, M. J. R. P., SantosBuelga, C., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2015). Chemical characterisation and bioactive properties of Prunus avium L.: The widely studied fruits and the unexplored stems. Food Chemistry, 173, 1045-1053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.145
  • Dziadek, K., Kopeć, A., & Czaplicki, S. (2018). The petioles and leaves of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) as a potential source of natural bioactive compounds. European Food Research and Technology, 244(8), 1415-1426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-018-3055-y
  • Švarc-Gajić, J., Cerdà, V., Clavijo, S., Suárez, R., Maškovic, P., Cvetanović, A., Delerue-Matos, C., Carvalho, A. P., & Novakov, V. (2018). Bioactive compounds of sweet and sour cherry stems obtained by subcritical water extraction. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 93, 1627-1635. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5532
  • Hooman, N., Mojab, F., Nickavar, B., & Pouryousefi-Kermani, P. (2009). Diuretic effect of powdered Cerasus avium (cherry) tails on healthy volunteers. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22(4), 381-383.
  • Guarino, C., De Simone, L., & Santoro, S. (2008). Ethnobotanical study of the Sannio area, Campania, Southern Italy. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 6, 255-317.
  • Jarić, S., Mačukanović-Jocić, M., Djurdjević, L., Mitrović, M., Kostić, O., Karadžić, B., & Pavlović, P. (2015). An ethnobotanical survey of traditionally used plants on Suva planina mountain (south-eastern Serbia). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 175, 93-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.002
  • Çelebioğlu, S., & Baytop, T. (1949). Bitkisel tozların tetkiki için yeni bir reaktif. Farmakognozi Enstitüsü Yayınları, No. 10. Farmakolog 19: 301.
  • Türk Farmakopesi 2017, Genel monograflar II, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No: 1098, 1. Baskı, Ankara (2018).
  • Ülkümen, L. (1973). Bağ-Bahçe Ziraatı. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları No: 275, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 128, Ders Kitapları Serisi No: 22.
  • Metcalfe, C. R., & Chalk, L. 1965. Anatomy of Dicotyledones, Volume I, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Güneş, F., & Özhatay, N. (2011). An ethnobotanical study from Kars (Eastern) Turkey. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 4, 30-41.

Investigation of morphological and anatomical features of herbal materials sold under the name of “Kiraz Sapı”

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 92 - 102, 15.08.2019

Abstract

Cerasus avium (L.) Moench (Kiraz) is deciduous tree that has been widely cultivated due to its fruits. It grows naturally in the north Anatolia. Since İts fruits are consumed as food, they are widely cultivated. Turkey is one of the largest cherry producers in the world. Its leaves, fruits and fruit stalks are traditionally used due to their therapeutic properties. The fruit stalks are consumed as a diuretic and strengthening among folk, and also due to its diarrhoeal cutter effect. Fruit stalks of C. vulgaris Miller (vişne) are sold with the same purpose the name of as “kiraz sapı”.
The study was carried out on 13 different samples purchased from 5 different cities belong to 5 different regions of Turkey. The fresh samples were collected from around Ankara to be used as the standard sample. Morphological features of the standard samples and the samples obtained from the market were examined comparatively. The cross and superficial sections were taken from fruit stalks of the standard samples (sweet cherry samples with white and red fruits) and their anatomical structures were determined. The samples were also powdered and their characteristic structures were examined. In addition, anatomical and morphological features of Cerasus vulgaris (vişne) fruit stalks were also studied comparatively. C. vulgaris fruit stalks were observed to be usually longer than sweet cherry fruit stalks. C. avium and C. vulgaris fruit stalks showed no difference in terms of the anatomical structure, but they were d to differ in terms of druse density.

References

  • Browicz, K. (1972). Cerasus Duhamel. In Davis, P. H. (ed). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Vol. 4. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, p. 18.
  • Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., & Babaç, M. T. (eds). (2012). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler). İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırma Derneği Yayını.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (2019), Bilgi Dağıtım ve İletişim Daire Başkanlığı, Bilgi Dağıtım Grubu, bilgi@tuik.gov.tr, Dış Ticaret İstatistikleri-Tüik (https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/disticaretapp/menu.zul), (Erişim tarihi: 04.02.2019).
  • İslam, A. (2002). “Kiraz” cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus). New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 30, 301-302. https://doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2002.9514227
  • Kalyoncu, I. H., Ersoy, N., & Yılmaz, M. (2009). Some physico-chemical properties and mineral contents of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) type grown in Konya. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(12), 2744-2749.
  • Motti, R., Antignani, V., & Idolo, M. (2009). Traditional plant use in the Phlegraean Fields Regional Park (Campania, Southern Italy). Human Ecology, 37, 775-782. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-009-9254-1
  • Savo, V., Giulia, C., Maria, G. P., & David, R. (2011). Folk phytotherapy of the Amalfi Coast (Campania, Southern Italy). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 135(2), 376-392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.027
  • Cornara, L., La Rocca, A., Terrizzano, L., Dente, F., & Mariotti, M. G. (2014). Ethnobotanical and phytomedical knowledge in the North-Western Ligurian Alps. Journal of Ethnopharmacology,155, 463-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.046
  • Benitez, G., Gonzalez-Tejero, M. R., & Molero-Mesa, J. (2010). Pharmaceutical ethnobotany in the western part of Granada province (southern Spain): Ethnopharmacological synthesis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 129, 87-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.02.016
  • Baytop, T. (1999). Türkiye’de Bitkilerle Tedavi (Geçmişte ve Bugün). İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri.
  • Kültür, S. (2007). Medicinal plants used in Kırklareli Province (Turkey). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 111, 341-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.11.035
  • Sargın, S. A., Akçicek, E., & Selvi, S. (2013). An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the local people of Alaşehir (Manisa) in Turkey. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 150, 860-874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.09.040
  • Güneş, F. (2017). Medicinal plants used in the Uzunköprü district of Edirne, Turkey. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae, 6(4), 3565. https://doi.org/10.5586/asbp.3565
  • Doğru Koca, A., & Yıldırımlı, S. (2010). Ethnobotanical properties of Akçakoca district in Düzce (Turkey). Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 38, 63-69.
  • Khalid, S. A., Gellert, M., Szendrei, K., & Duddeck, H. (1989). Prunetin 5-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, an isoflavone from the peduncle of Prunus avium and P. cerasus. Phytochemistry, 28(5), 1560-1561. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97795-1
  • Prvulovic, D., Popovic, M., Malencic, D., Ljubojevic, M., & Ognjanov, V. (2011). Phenolic compounds in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) petioles and their antioxidant properties. Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 43(2), 198-202.
  • Bursal, E., Köksal, E., Gülçin, İ., Bilsel, G., & Gören, A. C. (2013). Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of cherry stem (Cerasus avium L.) determined by LC–MS/MS. Food Research International, 51(1), 66-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2012.11.022
  • Bastos, C., Barros, L., Duenas, M., Calhelha, R. C., Queiroz, M. J. R. P., SantosBuelga, C., & Ferreira, I. C. F. R. (2015). Chemical characterisation and bioactive properties of Prunus avium L.: The widely studied fruits and the unexplored stems. Food Chemistry, 173, 1045-1053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.145
  • Dziadek, K., Kopeć, A., & Czaplicki, S. (2018). The petioles and leaves of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) as a potential source of natural bioactive compounds. European Food Research and Technology, 244(8), 1415-1426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-018-3055-y
  • Švarc-Gajić, J., Cerdà, V., Clavijo, S., Suárez, R., Maškovic, P., Cvetanović, A., Delerue-Matos, C., Carvalho, A. P., & Novakov, V. (2018). Bioactive compounds of sweet and sour cherry stems obtained by subcritical water extraction. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 93, 1627-1635. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.5532
  • Hooman, N., Mojab, F., Nickavar, B., & Pouryousefi-Kermani, P. (2009). Diuretic effect of powdered Cerasus avium (cherry) tails on healthy volunteers. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 22(4), 381-383.
  • Guarino, C., De Simone, L., & Santoro, S. (2008). Ethnobotanical study of the Sannio area, Campania, Southern Italy. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 6, 255-317.
  • Jarić, S., Mačukanović-Jocić, M., Djurdjević, L., Mitrović, M., Kostić, O., Karadžić, B., & Pavlović, P. (2015). An ethnobotanical survey of traditionally used plants on Suva planina mountain (south-eastern Serbia). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 175, 93-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.09.002
  • Çelebioğlu, S., & Baytop, T. (1949). Bitkisel tozların tetkiki için yeni bir reaktif. Farmakognozi Enstitüsü Yayınları, No. 10. Farmakolog 19: 301.
  • Türk Farmakopesi 2017, Genel monograflar II, T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No: 1098, 1. Baskı, Ankara (2018).
  • Ülkümen, L. (1973). Bağ-Bahçe Ziraatı. Erzurum: Atatürk Üniversitesi Yayınları No: 275, Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 128, Ders Kitapları Serisi No: 22.
  • Metcalfe, C. R., & Chalk, L. 1965. Anatomy of Dicotyledones, Volume I, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Güneş, F., & Özhatay, N. (2011). An ethnobotanical study from Kars (Eastern) Turkey. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 4, 30-41.
There are 28 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Conservation and Biodiversity
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gülsen Kendir

Ayşegül Köroğlu This is me

Publication Date August 15, 2019
Submission Date February 5, 2019
Acceptance Date August 15, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 12 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kendir, G., & Köroğlu, A. (2019). “Kiraz Sapı” adı altında satılan bitkisel materyallerin morfolojik ve anatomik özelliklerinin incelenmesi. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 12(2), 92-102.

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