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Salvia dorystoechas B.T. Drew’in tohum özellikleri

Year 2025, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 428 - 435

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye'nin güneyinde yetişen nadir endemik bir çalı türü olan Salvia dorystoechas'ın tohum özelliklerini belirlemektir.
Metod: Çalışmada iki tohum kaynağı kullanılmıştır: (1) Antalya - Feslikan Yaylası'ndaki doğal popülasyondan ve (2) Eskişehir Orman Fidanlığı'nda yetiştirilen Feslikan kökenli 3 yaşındaki Salvia dorystoechas bitkilerinden. Dormansiyi belirlemek için tohumlar dört farklı sürede katlama işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Katlama işlemleri 4°C'de petri kaplarında nemli filtre kâğıdı üzerinde 2, 4 ve 6 hafta boyunca uygulanmıştır. Çimlenme testleri 20°C'de 12 cm çapındaki petri kaplarında filtre kâğıdı üzerinde 300 (3×100) tohumla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Türün 1000-tohum ağırlığı 0,586 gr olarak belirlenmiştir. Tohumun şekli ince ve hafif içbükeydir. Tohumların ortalama uzunluğu, genişliği ve kalınlığı sırasıyla 4,29 mm, 1,57 mm ve 0,67 mm'dir. Tohum kabuğundan kaynaklanan fiziksel dormansi yoktur. Tohum, hafif derinlikte dormansiye sahiptir ve dormansiyi gidermek için 2 haftalık katlama işlemi yeterlidir. Herhangi bir ön işlem uygulanmayan tohumların (kontrol) çimlenme yüzdesi, toplam çimlenme kapasitesinin yarısını aşmaktadır. Çimlenme oldukça hızlı olup, katlama işlemlerinden sonra çimlenme yüzdesi bir hafta içinde maksimum seviyelere ulaşmaktadır.
Sonuç: Bu endemik ve dar dağılımlı türün tohum özellikleri ilk kez ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın türün tohumdan üretilmesine ve ex situ korunmasına katkıda bulunması beklenmektedir.

References

  • [1] Davis, P. H. (1988). Flora of Turkey and the Aegean Islands. Edinburg University Pres, 7, 461-462.
  • [2] Selim, C. & Sever Mutlu, S. (2020). Tür Bazlı Korumada Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Relikt Endemik Doystoechas hastata Türünün Peyzaj Genetiği Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34 (Özel Sayı), 217-234.
  • [3] Selim, C., Mutlu, S. S. & Deniz, İ. G. (2021). Morphological Diversity of Dorystoechas hastata, a Relict Endemic Species, Across Habitat Variability, Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 30 (3), 2723-2736. Doi: 10.15244/pjoes/128582
  • [4] Aksoy, A. & Dülgeroğlu, C. (2019). Impacts of climate change on the medicinal plants: A casu study of Salvia dorystoechas B. T. Drew, International Symposium on Biodiversity Research, 2-4 May.
  • [5] Karagözler, A. A., Erdağ, B., Emek, Y. C. & Uygun, D. A. (2008). Antioxidant activity and proline content of leaf extracts from Dorystoechas hastata. Food Chemistry, 111, 400-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.03.089
  • [6] Erkan, N., Akgonen, S., Ovat, S., Goksel, G. & Ayranci, E. (2011). Phenolic compounds profile and antioxidant activity of Dorystoechas hastata L. Boiss et Heldr. Food Research Internatıonal, 44(9), 3013-3020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.07.015
  • [7] Celep, F. & Dirmenci, T. (2017). Systematic and biogeographic overview of Lamiaceae in Turkey. Natural Volatiles & Essential Oils, 4, 14-27.
  • [8] Young, J. A. & Young, C. G. (1992). Seeds of woody plants in North America. Dioscorides Press, Portland, Oregon, pp407.
  • [9] Khakpoor, A., Bibalani, G. H. & Mahdavi, S. (2015). Optimal treatment increased the seed germination of Salvia verticillata L. Journal of BioScience & Biotechnology, 4(3), 255262.
  • [10] Thanos, C. A. & Doussi, M. A. (1995). Ecophysiology of seed germination in endemic Labiates of Crete. Israel J. Plant Sci. 43, 227-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1995.10676607
  • [11] Ellis, R. H., Hong, T. D. & Roberts, E. H. (1985). Handbook of seed technology for genebanks. Vol. 2. Compendium of specific germination information and test recommendations. Int. Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome.
  • [12] Tursun, A. Ö. (2019). Salvia verticillata L. (Dadırak)’nın tohum dormansisinin kırılmasında farklı uygulamaların etkileri. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 22(1), 30-37. Doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.560605
  • [13] Erdağ, B., Emek, Y. & Kurt Aydoğan, S. (2019). Dorystoechas hastata Bitkisinde Eksplant Tipi ve Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyicilerine Bağlı Kallus Gelişimi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (16), 367-373. Doi: 10.31590/ejosat.554947
  • [14] Işık, G. & Yücel, E. (2017). Biological and ecological characteristics of a monotypic relict endemic species: Dorystoechas hastata (Lamiaceae). Int. J. Agri. and Env. Res., 3(2), 202-211.
  • [15] ISTA (1996). International Rules for Seed Testing, International Seed Testing Association, Seed Science and Technology, 24, 315p.
  • [16] Bewley, J. D. & Black, M. (1994). Seeds: germination, structure, and composition. In Seeds: physiology of development and germination (pp. 1-33). Boston, MA, Springer Us. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1002-8_1
  • [17] Ser-sid (2025). Salvia, https://ser-sid.org (Access: 12.02.2025).
  • [18] Özcan, I. I., Arabacı, O. & Öğretmen, N. G. (2014). The determination of different germination applications on some sage species. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology 2(5), 203-207.
  • [19] Hajebi A. H. & Soltanipoor M. A. (2006). Influence of location and pretreatments on seed germination of Salvia mirzayanii Rech.f & Esfand. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 22(3), 231-241.
  • [20] Subaşı, Ü. & Güvensen, A. (2010). Seed germination studies on rare endemic Salvia smyrnaea Boiss. (Lamiaceae). Biological Diversity and Conservation 3(3), 126-132.
  • [21] Bahadırlı, N. P. (2024). Priming Effects on Germination Parameters of Vulnerable Salvia aramiensis Rech. f. Harvested from Different Locations. Anadolu, J. of AARI, 34(1), 70-81. Doi: 10.18615/anadolu.1453157
  • [22] Yücel, E. & Yılmaz, G. (2009). Effects of different alkaline metal salts (NaCl, KNO3), acid concentrations (H2SO4) and Growth Regulator (GA3) on the germination of Salvia cyanescens Boiss. & Bal. seeds. Gazi University Journal of Science 22(3), 123-127.
  • [23] Gorai, M., Gasmi, H. & Neffati, M. (2011). Factors influencing seed germination of medicinal plant Salvia aegyptica L. (Lamiacea). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 18, 255 - 260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.01.004
  • [24] Kanellou, E., Vlachou, G., Martini, A. N., Bertsouklis, K. F. & Papafotiou, M. (2021). Seed germination of five sage species (Salvia sp.) of populations native to Greece. In VIII International Conference on Landscape and Urban Horticulture, 1345 (pp. 439-444). Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2022.1345.60
  • [25] Verma, K., Singh, A. K. & Singh, S. (2023). Effect of temperature on seed germination and emergence of Salvia sclarea L. in sub-tropical climatic condition, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 12(2), 185-189.

The seed characteristics of Salvia dorystoechas B.T. Drew

Year 2025, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 428 - 435

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the seed characteristics of Salvia dorysthoechas, a local endemic shrub growing in southern Türkiye.
Method: Two seed sources were used in the study: (1) from the natural population in Antalya - Feslikan Plateau and (2) from 3-year-old Salvia dorystoechas plants of Feslikan origin grown in Eskişehir Forest Nursery. In order to determine dormancy, seeds were subjected to four different duration of prechilling treatments. Prechilling treatments were applied to moist filter paper in petri dishes at 4°C for 2, 4 and 6 weeks. Germination tests were carried out using filter paper placed in 12 cm diameter petri dishes at 20°C with 300 (3×100) seeds.
Findings: 1000-seed weight was determined as 0.586 g. The shape of the thin seed was slightly concave. The average length, width and thickness of the seeds are 4.29 mm, 1.57 mm and 0.67 mm, respectively. There was no physical dormancy due to the impermeable seed coat. The seed has a physiological dormancy at a light depth and 2 weeks of prechilling treatment was sufficient to eliminate dormancy. The germination percentage of the seeds without any pretreatment (control) exceeds the half of the total germination capacity. Germination occurs rapidly and the germination percentage reaches maximum levels within a week after the prechilling treatments.
Conclusion: The seed characteristics of this endemic and narrowly distributed species were studied in detail for the first time. It is expected that this study will contribute to the production of the species from seed and the ex situ conservation.

References

  • [1] Davis, P. H. (1988). Flora of Turkey and the Aegean Islands. Edinburg University Pres, 7, 461-462.
  • [2] Selim, C. & Sever Mutlu, S. (2020). Tür Bazlı Korumada Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Relikt Endemik Doystoechas hastata Türünün Peyzaj Genetiği Kapsamında Değerlendirilmesi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 34 (Özel Sayı), 217-234.
  • [3] Selim, C., Mutlu, S. S. & Deniz, İ. G. (2021). Morphological Diversity of Dorystoechas hastata, a Relict Endemic Species, Across Habitat Variability, Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 30 (3), 2723-2736. Doi: 10.15244/pjoes/128582
  • [4] Aksoy, A. & Dülgeroğlu, C. (2019). Impacts of climate change on the medicinal plants: A casu study of Salvia dorystoechas B. T. Drew, International Symposium on Biodiversity Research, 2-4 May.
  • [5] Karagözler, A. A., Erdağ, B., Emek, Y. C. & Uygun, D. A. (2008). Antioxidant activity and proline content of leaf extracts from Dorystoechas hastata. Food Chemistry, 111, 400-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.03.089
  • [6] Erkan, N., Akgonen, S., Ovat, S., Goksel, G. & Ayranci, E. (2011). Phenolic compounds profile and antioxidant activity of Dorystoechas hastata L. Boiss et Heldr. Food Research Internatıonal, 44(9), 3013-3020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2011.07.015
  • [7] Celep, F. & Dirmenci, T. (2017). Systematic and biogeographic overview of Lamiaceae in Turkey. Natural Volatiles & Essential Oils, 4, 14-27.
  • [8] Young, J. A. & Young, C. G. (1992). Seeds of woody plants in North America. Dioscorides Press, Portland, Oregon, pp407.
  • [9] Khakpoor, A., Bibalani, G. H. & Mahdavi, S. (2015). Optimal treatment increased the seed germination of Salvia verticillata L. Journal of BioScience & Biotechnology, 4(3), 255262.
  • [10] Thanos, C. A. & Doussi, M. A. (1995). Ecophysiology of seed germination in endemic Labiates of Crete. Israel J. Plant Sci. 43, 227-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1995.10676607
  • [11] Ellis, R. H., Hong, T. D. & Roberts, E. H. (1985). Handbook of seed technology for genebanks. Vol. 2. Compendium of specific germination information and test recommendations. Int. Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome.
  • [12] Tursun, A. Ö. (2019). Salvia verticillata L. (Dadırak)’nın tohum dormansisinin kırılmasında farklı uygulamaların etkileri. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 22(1), 30-37. Doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.560605
  • [13] Erdağ, B., Emek, Y. & Kurt Aydoğan, S. (2019). Dorystoechas hastata Bitkisinde Eksplant Tipi ve Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyicilerine Bağlı Kallus Gelişimi. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (16), 367-373. Doi: 10.31590/ejosat.554947
  • [14] Işık, G. & Yücel, E. (2017). Biological and ecological characteristics of a monotypic relict endemic species: Dorystoechas hastata (Lamiaceae). Int. J. Agri. and Env. Res., 3(2), 202-211.
  • [15] ISTA (1996). International Rules for Seed Testing, International Seed Testing Association, Seed Science and Technology, 24, 315p.
  • [16] Bewley, J. D. & Black, M. (1994). Seeds: germination, structure, and composition. In Seeds: physiology of development and germination (pp. 1-33). Boston, MA, Springer Us. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1002-8_1
  • [17] Ser-sid (2025). Salvia, https://ser-sid.org (Access: 12.02.2025).
  • [18] Özcan, I. I., Arabacı, O. & Öğretmen, N. G. (2014). The determination of different germination applications on some sage species. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology 2(5), 203-207.
  • [19] Hajebi A. H. & Soltanipoor M. A. (2006). Influence of location and pretreatments on seed germination of Salvia mirzayanii Rech.f & Esfand. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 22(3), 231-241.
  • [20] Subaşı, Ü. & Güvensen, A. (2010). Seed germination studies on rare endemic Salvia smyrnaea Boiss. (Lamiaceae). Biological Diversity and Conservation 3(3), 126-132.
  • [21] Bahadırlı, N. P. (2024). Priming Effects on Germination Parameters of Vulnerable Salvia aramiensis Rech. f. Harvested from Different Locations. Anadolu, J. of AARI, 34(1), 70-81. Doi: 10.18615/anadolu.1453157
  • [22] Yücel, E. & Yılmaz, G. (2009). Effects of different alkaline metal salts (NaCl, KNO3), acid concentrations (H2SO4) and Growth Regulator (GA3) on the germination of Salvia cyanescens Boiss. & Bal. seeds. Gazi University Journal of Science 22(3), 123-127.
  • [23] Gorai, M., Gasmi, H. & Neffati, M. (2011). Factors influencing seed germination of medicinal plant Salvia aegyptica L. (Lamiacea). Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 18, 255 - 260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.01.004
  • [24] Kanellou, E., Vlachou, G., Martini, A. N., Bertsouklis, K. F. & Papafotiou, M. (2021). Seed germination of five sage species (Salvia sp.) of populations native to Greece. In VIII International Conference on Landscape and Urban Horticulture, 1345 (pp. 439-444). Doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2022.1345.60
  • [25] Verma, K., Singh, A. K. & Singh, S. (2023). Effect of temperature on seed germination and emergence of Salvia sclarea L. in sub-tropical climatic condition, Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 12(2), 185-189.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Forestry Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mustafa Yılmaz 0000-0002-8250-1882

Tolga Ok 0000-0002-9546-3547

Münevver Arslan 0000-0003-2645-1486

Hakan Demirbağ 0000-0003-2778-6376

Hafize Küççük 0009-0006-9950-2124

Cansu Günay 0009-0004-8519-3215

Muhammet Emirhan Gündoğdu 3215-0009-0007-7276

Early Pub Date October 16, 2025
Publication Date November 8, 2025
Submission Date August 7, 2025
Acceptance Date October 15, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 18 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yılmaz, M., Ok, T., Arslan, M., … Demirbağ, H. (2025). The seed characteristics of Salvia dorystoechas B.T. Drew. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 18(3), 428-435. https://doi.org/10.46309/biodicon.2025.1759061

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