Çanakkale ili yumuşak ve sert çekirdekli meyve bahçelerindeki predatör coccinellidler (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) ve afitlerin (Hemiptera: Aphididae) etkileşimleri

Abstract

Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’nin Çanakkale ilinde meyve bahçelerindeki yumuşak ve sert çekirdekli meyve ağaçları ve yabancı otlar üzerindeki predatör coccinellid-konukçu afit-konukçu bitki tritrophic etkileşimlerinin ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. 2020 ve 2021 yılları bahar ve yaz ayları boyunca yapılan arazi örneklemeleri sonucunda, sekiz farklı konukçu bitki üzerindeki Aphididae (Hemiptera) familyasından 11 konukçu afit ile ilişkili Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) familyasına ait sekiz cins içerisinde 12 predatör tür tespit edilmiştir. Çanakkale ili yumuşak ve sert çekirdekli meyve bahçelerinde toplam 33 predatör coccinellid-konukçu afit-konukçu bitki etkileşimi ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Predatör türlerden, yedi afit türü ile ilişkili Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) en yaygın coccinellid türü olurken, onu altı afit türü ile ilişkili Oenopia conglobata (L.) izlemiştir. Afitlerden, on farklı predatör coccinellid ile ilişkili olan Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach) en yaygın afit türü olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, Çanakkale ili yumuşak ve sert çekirdekli meyve bahçelerindeki en yüksek predatör coccinellid-konukçu afit etkileşimi Cydonia oblonga Mill. (Rosaceae) ve Prunus domestica L. (Rosaceae) konukçu bitkileri üzerinde tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, meyve bahçelerinde zararlı afitlerin biyolojik mücadelesindeki başarının arttırılabilmesi için predatör coccinelli-konukçu afit-konukçu bitki etkileşimlerinin daha iyi anlaşılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• predatör coccinellid
• afit
• meyve bahçesi
• tritrofik etkileşim
• Çanakkale

Interactions of predatory coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in pome and stone fruit orchards of Çanakkale Province

Abstract

This study revealed the tritrophic interactions of predatory coccinellids-host aphids-host plants on pome and stone fruit trees and herbaceous plants in fruit orchards of Çanakkale Province, Turkey. Field sampling was done during the spring and summer seasons in 2020 and 2021. Twelve predatory species belonging to eight genera from the family Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) were found interacting with eleven host aphids from the family Aphididae (Hemiptera) on eight host plants. A total of 33 tritrophic interactions of predatory coccinellids-host aphids-host plants were revealed on the pome and stone fruit orchards in the Çanakkale Province. From the predators, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) associated with seven aphids was the most common coccinellid, followed by Oenopia conglobata (L.) which was associated with six aphids. From the aphids, Brachycaudus helichrysi (Kaltenbach) was the most common species; it was associated with ten different predatory coccinellids. Also, from the host plants, the highest number of the interactions of predatory coccinellids-host aphids were revealed on Cydonia oblonga Mill. (Rosaceae) and Prunus domestica L. (Rosaceae) in the pome and stone fruit orchards of Çanakkale Province. As a result, it is considered that the tritrophic interactions of predatory coccinellids-host aphids-host plants should be better understood to increase the success of biological control of pest aphids on the fruit orchards.

Keywords

• predatory coccinellid
• aphid
• fruit orchard
• tritrophic interaction
• Çanakkale

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