Bazı ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinin Fusarium pseudograminearum’a fide dönemi dayanıklılıkları

Öz

Fusarium pseudograminearum buğdayda kök ve kök boğazı çürüklüğüne sebep olan en tahripkar Fusarium türlerinden birisidir. Dayanıklı genotiplerin seçilmesi en etkili ve çevre ile dost bir mücadele yöntemlerinden birisidir. Günümüzde kısmi dayanıklılık gösteren sınırlı sayıda genotip bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada CIMMYT’den temin edilen 200 adet ekmeklik buğday genotipinin ve 6 adet kontrol genotipinin Fusarium pseudograminearum’a karşı dayanıklılık durumları iklim odası şartlarında tespit edilmiştir. 200 adet ekmeklik buğday hattının Fusarium pseudograminearum’a karşı 1 adedinin (%0.5) dayanıklı, 35 adedinin (%17.5) orta derecede dayanıklı, 112 adedinin (%56) orta derecede hassas, 45 adedinin (%22.5) hassas ve 7 adedinin (%3.5) ise çok hassas olduğu bulunmuştur. Dayanıklı ve orta derecede dayanıklı olarak bulunan genotipler ıslah çalışmalarında kök ve kök boğazı çürüklüğü hastalığına karşı dayanıklı çeşitler geliştirmede kullanılabilinir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ekmeklik buğday
• Triticum aestivum
• Fusarium pseudograminearum
• hastalığa dayanıklılık
• kök ve kök boğazı çürüklüğü

Seedling resistance of some bread wheat genotypes to Fusarium pseudograminearum

Abstract

Fusarium pseudograminearum is one of the most damaging Fusarium species that causes root, crown, and foot rots in wheat. Identification of resistant germplasm is one of the most efficient and environmentally sound control methods. However, up to date, limited wheat genotypes with partial resistance are available. Therefore, in this study, the seedling resistance reaction of 200 bread wheat genotypes plus 6 control genotypes obtained from CIMMYT to Fusarium pseudograminearum was determined under growth room conditions. Out of the 200 tested genotypes; 1 (0.5%), 35 (17.5%), 112 (56%), 45 (22.5%), and 7 (3.5%) were resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible and very susceptible to Fusarium pseudograminearum, respectively. Resistant and moderately resistant genotypes could be used in breeding studies for developing crown rot-resistant cultivars.

Keywords

• bread wheat
• Triticum aestivum
• Fusarium pseudograminearum
• disease resistance
• root
• crown and foot rot

References

1. Ahmadi, M. Mirakhorli, N., Erginbas-Orakci, G., Ansari, O., Braun, H-J., Paulitz T., Dababat, A.A., 2022. Interactions among cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi, dryland crown rot Fusarium culmorum, and drought on grain yield components and disease severity in bread wheat. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology (in press), DOI: 10.1080/07060661.2021.2013947
2. Anonymous. 2019a. http://www.millermagazine.com/dunya-bugday-pazari/.html, Access date: 01.07.2019.
3. Anonymous. 2019b. http://www.tmo.gov.tr/Upload/Document/hububatsektorraporu2017.pdf, Access date: 02.07.2019.
4. Aoki, T., O’Donnell, K., 1999. Morphological and molecular characterization of Fusarium pseudograminearum sp. nov., formerly recognized as the Group 1 population of F. graminearum. Mycologia, 91(4), 597-609.
5. Bockus, W.W., Bowden, R.L., Hunger, R.M., Morrill, W.L., Murray, T.D., Smiley, R.W. (eds.)., 2010. Compendium of wheat diseases and pests. Third Ed. APS Press. Minnesota, USA.
6. Booth, C., 1971. The Genus Fusarium. Com. Myc. Inst. Kew, Surrey, 237.
7. Burgess, L.W.,Summerell, B.A., Leslie, J.F., Backouse, D., Bryden, W.L., 2001. Fusarium. Paul E. Nelson Memorial Symposium. APS Press, St. Paul, Minnesota.
8. Chakraborty, S., Liu, C.J., Mitter, V., Scott, J.B., Akinsanmi, O.A., Ali, S., Dill-Macky, R., Nicol, J., Backhouse, D. Simpfendorfer, S., 2006. Pathogen population structure and epidemiology are keys to wheat crown rot and Fusarium head blight management. Australasian Plant Pathology, 35(6), 643–655.

9. Chakraborty, S., Obanor, F., Westecott, R., Abeywickrama, K., 2010. Wheat crown rot pathogens Fusarium graminearum and F. pseudograminearum lack specialization. Phytopathology, 100 (10), 1057-1065.
10. Dababat, A.A., Erginbas-Orakci, G., Toumi, F., Braun, H.-J., Morgounov A., Sikora, R.A., 2018. IPM to control soil- borne pests on wheat and sustainable food production. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 36(1), 37-44.
11. Demirci, F., 2003. Bazı buğday çeşitlerinin önemli kök ve kök boğazı hastalık etmenleri (Fusarium spp., Bipolaris sorokiniana)' ne karşı reaksiyonlarının belirlenmesi. Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 9 (4), 460-466.
12. Erginbas-Orakcı, Deepmala Sehgal, D., Sohail, Q., Ogbonnaya, F., Dreisigacker, S., Pariyar, S.R., Dababat, A.A., 2018.Identification of novel quantitative trait loci linked to crown rot resistance in spring wheat. International Journal of Molecular Sciences,19, 2666; doi:10.3390/ijms19092666
13. Gebremariam, E.S., Sharma-Poudyal, D., Paulitz, T. C., Erginbas-Orakci, G., Karakaya, A., Dababat, A.A., 2018. Identity and pathogenicity of Fusarium species associated with crown rot on wheat (Triticum spp.) in Turkey. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 150(2), 387–399.
14. Geçit, H. H., 2016. Tarla Bitkileri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları. Yayın No: 1640, Ders Kitabı: 591.
15. Hekimhan, H., Boyraz, N., 2011. Trakya bölgesi buğday ekiliş alanlarında fungal kaynaklı kök ve kök boğazı çürüklüğü hastalıklarının tespiti. Selçuk Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(3), 26-34.
16. Kazan, K., Gardiner, D., 2017. Fusarium crown rot caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum in cereal crops: recent progress and future prospects. Molecular Plant Pathology, 19(7), 1547-1562.
17. Liddell, C.M., Burgess, L.W., Taylor, P.W.J., 1986. Reproduction of crown rot of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum group 1 in the greenhouse. Plant Disease, 70, 632–635.
18. Mitter, V., Zhang, M.C., Liu, C.J., Ghosh, R., Ghosh, M., Chakraborty, S., 2006. A high-throughput glasshouse bioassay to detect crown rot resistance in wheat germplasm. Plant Pathology, 55(3), 433-441.
19. Ölmez F., Tunalı B., 2019. Fusarium species isolated from wheat samples showing root and crown rot symptoms in Southeast Anatolia. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 59 (3), 31-37.
20. Smiley R.W., Patterson L.M., 1996. Pathogenic fungi associated with Fusarium foot rot of winter wheat in the semiarid Pacific Northwest. Plant Disease, 80, 944-949.
21. Süzer, S., 2008. Trakya’da üretilen bazı ekmeklik buğday ve yemlik arpa çeşitlerinde tohum miktarının verime etkisi. Ülkesel Tahıl Sempozyumu, 02-05 Haziran 2008, 965-971, Konya.
22. Tunali, B., Nicol, J. M., Hodson, D., Uçkun, Z., Büyük, O., Erdurmuş, D., Hekimhan, H., Aktaş, H., Akbudak, M. A., Bağcı, S. A., 2008. Root and crown rot fungi associated with spring, facultative and winter wheat in Turkey. Plant Disease, 92,1299-1306.
23. Wallwork, H., Butt, M., Cheong, J.P.E., Williams, K.J., 2004. Resistance to crown rot in wheat identified through an improved method for screening adult plants. Australasian Plant Pathology, 33(1), 1-7.
24. Wildermuth, G.B., McNamara, R.B., 1994. Testing wheat seedlings for resistance to crown rot caused by Fusarium graminearum group 1. Plant Disease, 78, 949–953.
25. Yıldırım, A.F., Araz, A., Turgay, E.B., Ünal, F.. Büyük, O., 2016. Serin iklim tahıllarında kök ve kökboğazı hastalıklarının dünü, bugünü ve mücadelesi, Zirai Mücadele Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü, Bitki Hastalıkları Bölümü, Hububat Hastalıkları Birimi, 104, Ankara.