Tahıl depoları ve çevresinin mikro faunasında Cardinium endosymbiontunun incelenmesi

Abstract

Cardinium karasal ekosistem eklembacaklılarındaki üreme manipülatörü olarak bilinen endosimbiyotik bir bakteridir. Her ne kadar son dönemde çalışmalarla Cardinium konakçısı türler tespit edilse de, belki de daha az taksonomik grubun incelenmesinden dolayı prevalansı görece düşüktür. Bu çalışmada eklembacaklıların yayılışı için uygun koşullara sahip Türkiye’nin tahıl ambarlarındaki mikro-fauna örneklerinden Cardinium bakterisinin incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla tahıl ambarlarından ve çevresinden temin edilen Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley, 1956) (Acari: Laelapidae), Entomobrya sp. (Collembola: Entomobryidae) ve Balaustium sp. (Acari: Actinotrichida) örneklerindeki Cardinium Clo primer seti kullanılarak incelenmiş ve Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) endosimbiyontu ile mukayese edilmiştir. Sekans verilerine göre ambarlardan elde edilen ve yakın temasta bulunan S. scimitus ve Entomobrya sp.’teki Cardinium benzer homolojiye sahiptir. Bu veri bu iki takson arasında Cardinium’un yatay transferinin bir göstergesi olarak düşünülebilir. Ancak ne yazık ki elde edilen veri seti bunu kesin olarak kanıtlayamaz. Ayrıca Balaustium sp. ve B. tabaci endosimbiyontu Cardinium ise filogenetik olarak bunlardan uzaktır. Tahıl ambarı mikrofaunasında Cardinium endosimbiyontuna ilişkin ilk verilerin sunulduğu bu çalışmanın; özellikle küresel ısınma, azalan üretim ve artan gıda talebi nedeniyle baskı altındaki tarımsal üretimde zararlı türlerle mücadelede umut vaat eden üreme manipülatörü endosimbiyotik bakterilere yönelik çalışmalara katkı sunacağı düşünülmektedir. Ancak incelenen türlerin çeşitliliği, yayılışı ve habitatları içerisindeki ekolojik nişleri dikkate alındığında Cardinium prevalansının belirlenmesi için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• Balaustium
• Cardinium
• endosimbiyotik bakteri
• Entomobrya
• Stratiolaelaps scimitus

Investigation of Cardinium endosymbiont in the micro-fauna of granaries and surroundings

Abstract

Cardinium is an endosymbiotic bacterium known as a reproductive manipulator in terrestrial ecosystem arthropods. Although Cardinium host species have been identified in recent studies, its prevalence is relatively low, perhaps due to the investigation of fewer taxonomic groups. This study was aimed to investigate Cardinium bacteria in micro-fauna samples in granaries of Turkey, which has suitable conditions for the distribution of arthropods. For this purpose, Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley, 1956) (Acari: Laelapidae), Entomobrya sp. (Collembola: Entomobryidae), and Balaustium sp. (Acari: Actinotrichida) samples were investigated using the Cardinium Clo primer set and compared with the endosymbiont of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). It was determined that the Cardinium sequences from S. scimitus and Entomobrya sp., obtained from granaries and in close contact with each other, were quite similar and could be considered as a monophyletic group. This data can be considered as an indicator of horizontal transfer of Cardinium between these two taxa. However, Balaustium sp. and B. tabaci endosymbiont Cardinium are phylogenetically distant from them. It is thought that this study, which presents the first data on Cardinium endosymbiont in the granary microfauna, will contribute to studies on endosymbiotic bacteria, which are promising reproductive manipulators in the fight against harmful species, especially in agricultural production under pressure due to global warming, decreasing production, and increasing food demand. However, considering the diversity, distribution, and ecological niches of the studied species, more studies are needed to determine the prevalence of Cardinium.

Keywords

• Balaustium
• Cardinium
• endosymbiotic bacteria
• Entomobrya
• Stratiolaelaps scimitus

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