Turunçgil bahçesinde farklı renk tuzaklarındaki yaprakbiti aktivitesi

Abstract

Yaprakbitleri, floem ve ksilemden bitki özsuyu ile beslenir ve ballı madde oluşumuna neden olurlar. Bu zarar daha çok kanatsız yaprakbitleri tarafından yapılır, ancak kanatlı yaprakbitleri virüs nakli gibi ekonomik açıdan daha önemli sorunları meydana getirirler. Kanatlı ve kanatsız yaprakbitlerinin mücadelesinde kültürel, biyolojik, biyoteknik ve kimyasal mücadele metotları uygulanır. Yaprakbitlerinin uçuş aktivitesini kontrol etmek zordur, çünkü tek bir bireyin hastalığı bulaştırması için bir dakika ya da yarım saatlik beslenme yeterlidir. Entegre zararlı yönetimi stratejilerinden (IPM) faydalanmak veya bunları kullanmak için, yaprakbiti popülasyonunun izlenmesi, gerekli mücadele yöntemine karar vermek için ilk ve en kritik adımdır. Bu çalışma yaprakbitinin yayılma zamanını ve kanatlı bireylerinden hedefe yönelik örnekleme yöntemini anlamak amacıyla Ekim 2009-Ekim 2011 tarihleri arasında Çukurova Üniversitesi Bitki Koruma Deneme İstasyonunda yürütülmüştür. Meyve bahçesine Eylül 2002'de 5 x 3 m aralıklarla toplam 400 ağaç dikilmiştir. Sıra aralarına musluk suyu ve az miktarda sıvı sabun doldurulmuş boyalı (beyaz, kırmızı, mavi, sarı ve yeşil) su tuzakları (18 x 32 cm) yerleştirilmiş, her bir tuzak yerden 120 cm yükseklikteki bir platform üzerine oturtulmuştur. Farklı renkte boyalı su tuzakları, kanatlı yaprakbitlerinin yakalanmasına etkisinin belirlenmesi ve karşılaştırabilmesi için kullanılmıştır. Yakalanan tüm bireylerin, preparatı yapıldıktan sonra mikroskop altında teşhisleri yapılmıştır. Teşhis işleminden sonra küme analizleri, renk seçimi ve benzerlik indeksine göre değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada yaprakbitlerine farklı renklerde çekici tuzakların etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sarı renkli tuzak, yaprakbitleri için en güçlü çekiciliği göstermiş, ancak yaprakbitleriyle birlikte diğer zararlı ve faydalı türleri de çekmiştir. Denemede kullanılan diğer renkli tuzaklar (yeşil, beyaz, kırmızı ve mavi renk) çekicilik ve çevre dostu mücadele açısından yaprakbitlerinin biyoteknik mücadelesinde önerilebilir.

Keywords

• popülasyon takibi
• renkli tuzaklar
• benzerlik
• Türkiye

Flight activity of aphids in different colour traps on citrus orchard

Abstract

Aphids feed on plant sap from the phloem and xylem and cause the formation of honeydew. This damage is mostly done by wingless aphids, but winged aphids pose more economically important problems such as virus transmission. Cultural, biological, biotechnical and chemical control methods are used in the control of winged and wingless aphids. The flight activity of aphids is difficult to control because a minute or half an hour of feeding is sufficient for a single individual to transmit the disease. In order to benefit from or use integrated pest management strategies (IPM), monitoring the aphid population is the first and most critical step in deciding on the necessary control method. This study was carried out at Çukurova University Plant Protection Experiment Station between October 2009 and October 2011 in order to understand the propagation time of aphids and the targeted sampling method from poultry individuals. A total of 400 trees were planted in the orchard in September 2002 at 5 x 3 m intervals. Different color painted (white, red, blue, yellow and green) water traps (18 x 32 cm) filled with tap water and a small amount of liquid soap were placed between the rows, and each trap was placed on a platform, 120 cm above the ground. Different color painted water traps were used to determine and compare the capture of winged aphids. All captured individuals were diagnosed under the microscope after the preparation was made. After diagnosis, cluster analyzes were evaluated according to color selection and similarity index. In this study, the effect of different colored attractive traps on aphids was investigated. Yellow colored trap showed the strongest attraction for aphids and also for many other pests and beneficial insects groups. Other colored (green, white, red and blue color) traps used in the trial can be recommended in terms of attractiveness and environmentally friendly control for the biotechnical control of aphids.

Keywords

• population tracking
• colored traps
• similarity
• Türkiye

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