Bir incir bahçesinde Drosophilidae (Diptera) türlerinin izlenmesinde tuzak cezbedicisi, tuzak rengi ve giriş delik sayısının etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı cezbedici besin, renk ve delik sayısı içeren tuzakların drosophilidleri yakalama etkinliklerinin belirlenmesidir. Bunun için renk olarak sarı, mavi, yeşil, kırmızı, siyah, beyaz ve şeffaf (renksiz) tuzaklar denemeye alınmıştır. Cezbedici sıvı olarak, elma sirkesi, üzüm sirkesi, beyaz şarap, maya ve su (kontrol) kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, 2, 4, 6 ve 8 adet/tuzak giriş deliği olan tuzaklar değerlendirilmiştir. Tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde 3 tekerrürlü olarak Aydın ilindeki Bursa Siyahı çeşiti 437 ağaç içeren bir incir bahçesinde Eylül 2018 - Mart 2019 tarihleri arasında yürütülmüştür. Toplam 48 ağaç üzerine (1 tuzak/ağaç) tuzak asılmış ve sayımlar haftalık olarak yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, en çok drosophilid bireyini sayısal olarak toplamda kırmızı renkli tuzaklar cezbetmiş, bunu sarı renk izlemiştir. Mavi, yeşil ve şeffaf tuzaklar etkisiz bulunmuştur. Cezbedici olarak ise, üzüm sirkesi içeren tuzaklarda en çok drosophilid bireyi yakalanmış, bunu beyaz şarap içeren tuzaklar izlemiştir. Tuzak giriş deliği sayısı bakımından en çok yakalanma 8 delikli tuzaklarda sağlanmıştır. Tüm tuzaklarda toplamda en fazla Zaprionus tuberculatus Malloch, 1932 yakalanmış, onu Drosophila subobscura Collin, 1936 ve Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) takip etmiştir. Z. tuberculatus en çok üzüm sirkesi içeren tuzaklarda, D. subobscura ve D. suzukii beyaz şarap içeren tuzaklarda yakalanmıştır. Drosophilidlerin popülasyonlarının izlenmesinde içerisinde sirke bulunan, kırmızı renkli ve 8 delikli tuzakların en etkili sonucu verdiği gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• meyve sinekleri
• tuzak
• cezbedici
• Ficus carica

Effect of trap bait and colours, and number of entry holes in monitoring of Drosophilidae (Diptera) species in a fig orchard

Abstract

The study's objective was to evaluate how the capture rate of bottle traps is influenced by their color, number of entry holes, and bait liquids.For this purpose, yellow, blue, green, red, black, white, and transparent (colourless) traps were tested. Apple cider vinegar, grape vinegar, white wine, yeast, and water (control) were used as bait liquids. The number of entry holes was 2, 4, 6, and 8 holes per trap on the side of the bottle traps. The experiments were conducted in a randomised block design with three replicates in a fig orchard (variety Bursa Siyahı) with 437 trees in Aydın province from September 2018 to March 2019. In total, 48 traps were mounted on the experimental trees (1 trap per 1 tree), and counting of the drosophilid individuals in the traps was performed weekly. Red-coloured traps attracted the highest number of drosophilid individuals, followed by yellow-coloured. Regarding different baits, grape vinegar attracted the most drosophilid individuals, followed by white wine. Concerning the number of trap entry holes, the highest number of individuals were caught in traps with the highest number of holes, 8. In all traps, Zaprionus tuberculatus Malloch, 1932 was the species caught in the highest numbers, followed by Drosophila subobscura Collin, 1936 and Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931). Z. tuberculatus was mostly caught in traps containing grape vinegar, while D. subobscura and D. suzukii were mainly caught in traps containing white wine. In our study, the red-coloured traps containing vinegar with 8 entry holes were the most effective in monitoring drosophilid populations.

Keywords

• fruit flies
• trap
• bait
• Ficus carica

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