Wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) resistance to tribenuron methyl in wheat fields of Diyarbakır province, Türkiye

Abstract

Chemical weed control is unavoidable in the fields where weeds cause problems in wheat production. However, resistance problems in weeds arise a few years later especially using herbicides with the same mode of action continuously. Frequent and inappropriate use of herbicides leads to various environmental, health and economic issues, as well as labour losses. Recently, growers complained that tribenuron-methyl (acetolactate synthase - ALS), commonly used to control wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.-SINAR), which is causing problems in the wheat fields of Diyarbakır province, is ineffective. To determine the extent of the problem, wild mustard seeds were collected from 56 suspected wheat fields in 16 districts of Diyarbakır. As a result of applications carried out with the method under controlled conditions, resistance was suspected in the population of 28 fields. The results of the dose-response experiments indicated that no resistance (RI<3) was observed in 20 biotypes, low resistance (3≤ RI<5) was detected in 5 biotypes, and moderate resistance (5 ≤ RI<10) was detected in 3 biotypes.

Keywords

• acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor
• herbicide resistance
• Triticum aestivum L.

Diyarbakır ili buğday tarlalarında yabani hardalın (Sinapis arvensis L.) tribenuron methyl’e karşı dayanıklılık durumu

Öz

Buğday tarımında yabancı otların sorun oluşturduğu alanlarda kimyasal mücadele kaçınılmazdır. Ancak aynı etki mekanizmasına sahip herbisitlerin uzun yıllar kullanılması sonucunda yabancı otlarda dayanıklılık sorunu ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Herbisitlerin sık ve yanlış kullanılması çeşitli çevre ve sağlık sorunlarının yanı sıra iş gücü ve ekonomik kayıpların da yaşanmasına yol açmaktadır. Diyarbakır ili buğday alanlarında sorun oluşturan yabani hardalın (Sinapis arvensis L.- SINAR) kontrolünde yoğun kullanılan tribenuron-methyl (asetolaktat sentaz - ALS)’in etkisiz olduğu üreticiler tarafından bildirilmektedir. Bu bildirimlerin boyutlarını belirlemek amacıyla Diyarbakır’ın 16 ilçesinde buğday ekim alanlarından 56 SINAR tohum popülasyonu toplanmıştır. Kontrollü koşullarda klasik test metoduyla yapılan uygulamalar sonucunda 28 tarlaya ait popülasyonda dayanıklılık şüphesi tespit edilmiştir. Doz-etki denemeleri sonucunda SINAR’ın 20 biyotipinde dayanıklılık (RI<3) görülmezken, 5 biyotipte düşük seviyede (3≤ RI<5), 3 biyotipte ise orta düzeyde dayanıklılık (5 ≤ RI<10) tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitörü
• herbisit dayanıklılığı
• Triticum aestivum L.

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