The new association records on ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the Central Province of Çanakkale

Abstract

Aphid and ant species have a mutualistic or an obligately mutualistic association in nature conditions. Many ant species protect soft-bodied aphids with a low level of defense against their natural enemies. This study was conducted to determine the associations between aphid and ant species from 2014 to 2015 in the Center of Çanakkale Province and 12 ant species belonging to 8 genera in Dolichoderinae, Formicinae and Myrmicinae subfamilies of Formicidae associated with 16 aphid species were determined. The most encountered ant species associated with different aphids were Lasius alienus (Foerster, 1850), Plagiolepis pygmaea (Latreille, 1798), Camponotus aethiops Latreille, 1798 and Plagiolepis taurica Santsci, 1920. The most encountered aphid species associated with different ant species, were; Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763, Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 and Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854. Moreover, Camponotus samius Forel, 1889, Camponotus sanctus Forel, 1904, Crematogaster ionia Forel, 1911 and Pheidole cf. pallidula (Nylander, 1849) associations with aphids were determined for the first time in Turkey. Furthermore, Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841, Aphis punicae Passerini, 1863, Aphis umbrella (Börner, 1950), Chaitophorus leucomelas Koch, 1854, Chromaphis juglandicola (Kaltenbach, 1843), Panaphis juglandis (Goeze, 1778), Prociphilus fraxini (Fabricius, 1777) and their associations with different ant species were determined for the first time in Turkey. Consequently, the recent studies indicated that aphid-ant associations should be further detailed investigated locally.

Keywords

• aphid,ant,mutualism,Çanakkale,Türkiye

Çanakkale il merkezinde yaprakbitleri (Hemiptera: Aphididae) ile karınca (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) türlerinin yeni ilişki kayıtları

Öz

Yaprakbitleri ve karıncalar doğada mutualistik ya da zorunlu mutualistik bir ilişkiye sahiptir. Birçok karınca türü yumuşak vücutlu ve zayıf bir savunmaya sahip yaprakbitlerini doğal düşmanlarına karşı korumaktadır. Çanakkale il merkezinde 2014 ve 2015 yılları arasında yaprakbitleri ve karıncalar arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek için yürütülen bu çalışmanın sonucunda Formicidae familyasının Dolichoderinae, Formicinae ve Myrmicinae altfamilyaları içerisinde bulunan 8 cinse ait, 12 karınca türünün 16 farklı yaprakbiti ile ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Farklı yaprakbitleri ile ilişkili en fazla karşılaşılan karınca türleri Lasius alienus (Foerster, 1850), Plagiolepis pygmaea (Latreille, 1798), Camponotus aethiops Latreille, 1798 ve Plagiolepis taurica Santsci, 1920’dir. Farklı karınca türleri ile ilişkili en fazla karşılaşılan yaprakbitleri ise Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763, Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 ve Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854’dir. Ayrıca Camponotus samius Forel, 1889, Camponotus sanctus Forel, 1904, Crematogaster ionia Forel, 1911 ve Pheidole cf. pallidula (Nylander, 1849) karınca türlerinin yaprakbitleri ile ilişkili olduğu Türkiye’de ilk kez bu çalışma ile belirlenmiştir. Bunlara ilave olarak belirlenen yaprakbitlerinden Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841, Aphis punicae Passerini, 1863, Aphis umbrella (Börner, 1950), Chaitophorus leucomelas Koch, 1854, Chromaphis juglandicola (Kaltenbach, 1843), Panaphis juglandis (Goeze, 1778), Prociphilus fraxini (Fabricius, 1777)’nin ise karıncalar ile işbirliği içinde olduğu Türkiye’de ilk kez tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak son çalışmalar yaprakbitleri ve karıncalar arasındaki ilişkilerin bölgesel olarak daha detaylı araştırılması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yaprakbiti,karınca,mutualizm,Çanakkale,Türkiye

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