Sünenin yumurta parazitoitleri Trissolcus semistriatus Nees ve Trissolcus simoni (Mayr.) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) arasındaki rekabet

Year 2018, Volume: 58 Issue: 2, 93 - 102, 28.06.2018

Müjgan Kıvan Tolga Aysal

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.413001

Abstract

Trissolcus semistriatus Nees ve T. simoni (Mayr.) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), Sünenin [Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Hemiptera:
Scutelleridae)] en önemli ve yaygın doğal düşmanlarıdır. T. semistriatus ve T. simoni
dişilerinin önceden parazitlenmiş E.
integriceps yumurtalarını multiparazitleyip parazitlenmediğini saptamak ve T. semistriatus ve T. simoni arasındaki larva ve ergin rekabetini değerlendirmek için
çalışma yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla, tercihli denemelerde yarısı bir tür
tarafından parazitlenmiş ve parazitlenmemiş yumurta paketi diğer türün
dişilerine verilmiş, tercihsiz denemelerde ise tamamı bir tür tarafından
parazitlenmiş yumurta paketi diğer türün dişilerine verilmiştir. Multiparazitizm
denemeleri ilk ovipozisyondan bir saat, 24 saat ve 72 saat sonrasında
uygulanmıştır. Ergin rekabetini saptamak için iki yumurta paketine aynı anda T. semistriatus ve T. simoni’nin birer dişisi salınmıştır. Tüm denemeler
stereomikroskop altında gözlenmiştir. Tercihli denemelerde, diğer türün dişisi
tarafından önceden parazitlenmiş yumurtalarda
multiparazitizm oranı hem T.
semistriatus hem de T. simoni için önemli
oranda düşük bulunmuştur ve bu oranlar ilk parazitlenmeden geçen süre ile birlikte
azalmıştır, oysa tercihsiz denemelerde multiparazitizm oranı tercihli denemelerdekine göre daha yüksek
gerçekleşmiştir. Multiparazitlenmiş yumurtalardan ergin çıkışı daima ikinci
türe göre birinci tür için daha fazla olmuştur. Ergin rekabeti denemelerinin
sonucu, T. semistriatus dişisinin T. simoni’ye göre daha
üstün rakip olduğu saptanmıştır.

Keywords

Rekabet, Eurygaster integriceps, Scelionidae, yumurta parazitoitleri, multiparazitizm

Interspecific competition between Trissolcus semistriatus Nees and Trissolcus simoni (Mayr.) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), egg parasitoids of the sunn pest

Abstract

Trissolcus
semistriatus Nees and T.
simoni (Mayr.) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) are the most important and
common natural enemies of the sunn pest [Eurygaster
integriceps Put. (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae)]. This study was conducted to
determine whether females of T.
semistriatus and T. simoni
multiparasitized previously parasitized E.
integriceps eggs or not and to evaluate interspesific larval competition
and adult competition between T.
semistriatus and T. simoni. For
this aim, half of host egg mass parasitized by one species and un-parasitized
were provided to females of other species in choice tests, and a whole egg mass
parasitized by one species were
given to other species female in no choice tests. Multiparasitism experiments
were applied after one hour, 24 h and
72 h from the first oviposition. To
determine adult competition, one each female of T. semistriatus and T. simoni were released on two egg masses at
the same time. All experiments were
observed under a stereomicroscope. Multiparasitism rates for both T. semistriatus and T. simoni were
significantly low in the eggs
pre-parasitized by another female species in choice test and these rates
decreased with the time from the first parasitism, whereas multiparasitism
rates were higher in choice test than those of non-choice test.
Emergence from multiparasitized eggs was greater for first parasitoid species
than for second species. As a result of adult competition tests, female of T. semistriatus was found as a superior
competitor than T. simoni.

Keywords

competition, Eurygaster integriceps, Scelionidae, egg parasitoids, multiparasitism

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