Biological control of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler's in in vitro conditions tomatoes by bacteria

Year 2019, Volume: 59 Issue: 4, 57 - 68, 29.12.2019

Nasibe Tekiner , Elif Tozlu , Recep Kotan

https://doi.org/10.16955/bitkorb.550112

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Fungal diseases cause significant economic losses in fruits
in the field and post-harvest. Tomatoes, which are of great importance in terms
of human health and economically, are sensitive to fungal diseases due to their
rich nutrients and water content. Alternaria
alternata is defined as one of the most important necrotrophic pathogens in
tomato fruit. Biological control method, which is an alternative method to
protect fruits and vegetables during storage and shelf life, is utilized due to
insufficient controlling and the disadvantages of fungicide use. In this study,
a total of 33 bioagent bacteria [Agrobacterium
radiobacter (A 16), Bacillus
atrophaeus (TV 15B, FD 1), two Bacillus
cereus (TV 30D and TV 85D), Bacillus
megaterium (TV 3D, TV 6D, TV 13C, TV 20E, TV 49A, TV 87A, M3, KBA 10), Bacillus subtilis (TV 6F, TV12H, TV 13B,
TV 17C, OSU 142, TV 16F), Bacillus
pumilus (TV 67C, TV 73A, IK 39), Brevibacillus
choshinensis (TV 53D), Kyluverea
cryocrescens (TV 113C), Kocuria rosea
(TV 14C), Paenibacillus macerans (T
26), Pantoea agglomerans (RK 92, RK
84), Pseudomonas chlororaphis (IK 37,
PM 18), Pseudomonas flourescens (FDG
37, TV 11D), Pseudomonas putida (TV
42A)] were tested against A. alternata
in vitro. According to the results of
the dual culture test, the most effective isolate that prevented the
development of pathogen fungi was TV 53D (83.33%), followed by RK 84 (79.76%)
and TV 6F (78.57%). It is important for the use of 3 promising bioagent
bacteria to be tested against pathogen under different in vivo conditions as a biopesticide.

Keywords

Bacillus sp., bioagent bacteria, Brevibacillus choshinensis, Pantoea agglomerans, tomato

Domateste Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl’nın Bazı Bakteriler ile Biyolojik Mücadelesi

Abstract

Fungal hastalıklar tarlada ve hasat sonrası meyvelerde
önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden olur. İnsan sağlığı açısından ve ekonomik
anlamda büyük öneme sahip olan domates, zengin besin maddesi ve su içeriğinden
dolayı fungal hastalıklara karşı hassas bir üründür. Alternaria alternata’da, domates meyvesinde ekonomik açıdan en
önemli nekrotrofik patojenlerden biri olarak tanımlanmıştır. Etmen ile
mücadelede yetersiz kalındığından ve fungisit kullanımının dezavantajlarından
dolayı depolama ve raf ömrü sırasında meyve ve sebzeleri korumak için
alternatif yöntem olan biyolojik mücadele yönteminden faydalanılmaktadır. Bu
çalışmada da toplamda 33 adet biyoajan bakteri [Agrobacterium radiobacter (A 16), Bacillus atrophaeus (TV 15B, FD 1), 2 adet Bacillus cereus (TV 30D, TV 85D), Bacillus megaterium (TV 3D, TV 6D, TV 13C, TV 20E, TV 49A, TV 87A,
M3, KBA 10), Bacillus subtilis (TV
6F, TV12 H, TV 13B, TV 17C, OSU 142, TV 16F), Bacillus pumilus (TV 67C, TV 73A, IK 39), Brevibacillus choshinensis (TV 53D), Kyluverea cryocrescens (TV 113C), Kocuria rosea (TV 14C), Paenibacllus
macerans (T 26), Pantoea agglomerans
(RK 92, RK 84), Pseudomonas chlororaphis
(IK 37, PM 18), Pseudomonas flourescens
(FDG 37, TV 11D), Pseudomonas putida
(TV 42A)] A. alternata’ya karşı in vitro’da test edilmiştir. İkili
kültür test sonucuna göre patojen fungusun gelişimini engelleyen en etkili
izolat TV 53D (%83.33) olurken, onu sırasıyla RK 84 (%79.76) ve TV 6F (%78.57)
takip etmiştir. Etkili olan 3 ümitvar biyoajan bakterinin farklı çevre
koşullarında in vivo şartlarda
patojene karşı test edilmesi biyopestisit olarak kullanılabilirliğinin
belirlenmesi açısından önemlidir.

Keywords

Bacillus spp., biyoajan bakteri, biyolojik mücadele, Brevibacillus choshinensis, Pantoea agglomerans, domates

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