Investigation of the Effects of Kombucha Mushroom on Mycelium Growth of Agaricus bisporus Using Artificial Neural Networks

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 3 , 564 - 577 , 26.09.2024

Fatih Kutluer , Ramazan Güngüneş

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1457047

https://izlik.org/JA45NB26UG

Abstract

The effects of Kombu mushroom extract on Agaricus bisporus mycelia development were the subject of this study. To prepare kombu mushroom extract; 60 g of sugar and black tea were added to 1 liter of water and fermentation of Kombu mushroom was achieved in this environment. The obtained extract was added to the potato dextrose agar medium at 0, 50, 75, 100cc. Mycelial agar discs of Agaricus bisporus with prepared agar were inoculated, developed at 23°C for 10 days, and mycelial development was examined. At the end of the incubation period, it was observed that mycelial development in the groups to which Kombucha mushroom extract was added was much better than the control group.

Keywords

kombucha , Agaricus bisporus , biology , artificial intelligence , mycelle develompment , moleculer bıology

References

• [1] C. J. Greenwalt, K. H. Steinkraus,and R. A. Ledford, “Kombucha, the fermented tea: microbiology, composition, and claimed health effects”, J. Food Prot., vol. 63, no 7, pp. 976–981, 2000.
• [2] I. Jankovic and M. Stojanovic, “Microbial and chemical composition, growth, therapeutical and antimicrobial characteristics of tea fungus”, Mikrobiol., vol. 31, no 1, 1994.
• [3] C. P. Kurtzman, C. J. Robnett, ve E. Basehoar-Powers, “Zygosaccharomyces kombuchaensis, a new ascosporogenous yeast from ‘Kombucha tea’”, FEMS Yeast Res., vol. 1, no 2, pp. 133–138, 2001.
• [4] C.-H. Liu, W.-H. Hsu, F.-L. Lee, and C.-C. Liao, “The isolation and identification of microbes from a fermented tea beverage, Haipao, and their interactions during Haipao fermentation”, Food Microbiol., vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 407–415, 1996.
• [5] G. Sreeramulu, Y. Zhu, ve W. Knol, “Characterization of antimicrobial activity in Kombucha fermentation”, Acta Biotechnol., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 49–56, 2001.
• [6] N. C. Sesal, “Kombu mantarı ve ekstresinin fibrinolitik sistem ve antibakteriyal etkisinin incelenmesi”. Marmara Universitesi (Turkey), 1998.
• [7] N. Mercan, Z. N. Yüksekdağ, H. Katırcıoğlu, and Y. Beyatlı, “The antibacterial activity of Kombucha tea, kefir and Turkish yoghurt”, içinde International Dairy Symposium, 2004, pp. 313–317.
• [8] F. Kutluer, “Kombucha mantarının kültürel özellikleri ve şeker redüksiyonunun incelenmesi”. Yüksek Lisans Tezi (Kırıkkale Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü), 2009.
• [9] S. Erkal and Ş. Aksu, “Türkiye’de kültür mantarı sektöründeki gelişmeler ve işletmelerin yapısal özellikleri, Türkiye 6”, Yemeklik Mantar Kongresi, Bildir. ve Posterleri. Sayfa, ss. 55–66, 2000.
• [10] E. Eren and A. Pekşen, “Türkiye’de kültür mantarı üretimi ve teknolojik gelişmeler”, Mantar Derg., vol. 10, no 3, pp. 225–233, 2019.
• [11] R. Samp, “The bag or block system of Agaricus mushroom growing”, Edible Med. Mushrooms Technol. Appl., pp. 175–195, 2017.
• [12] A. Günay, “Mantar yetiştiriciliği”, İlke Kitabevi Yayınları, vol. 2, p. 469, 1995.
• [13] C. Dufresne and E. Farnworth, “Tea, Kombucha, and health: a review”, Food Res. Int., vol. 33, no 6, pp. 409–421, 2000.
• [14] J. Reiss, “Influence of different sugars on the metabolism of the tea fungus”, Zeitschrift für Leb. Und-forsch., vol. 198, no 3, pp. 258–261, 1994.
• [15] Tensorflow, “Index @ Tensorflow.Org”, 2021. https://www.tensorflow.org/ Retrieved May 2023
• [16] Scipy, “Index @ Scipy.Org”. https://scipy.org/ Retrieved May 2023.
• [17] Numpy, “Index @ Numpy.Org”. https://numpy.org/doc/stable/user/index.html#user Retrieved May 2023
• [18] Pandas, “Index @ Pandas.Pydata.Org”. pandas - Python Data Analysis Library (pydata.org) Retrieved May 2023
• [19] Seaborn, “Index @ seaborn.pydata.org”. https://seaborn.pydata.org/ Retrieved May 2023
• [20] C.-Y. J. Peng, K. L. Lee, ve G. M. Ingersoll, “An introduction to logistic regression analysis and reporting”, J. Educ. Res., c. 96, sayı 1, ss. 3–14, 2002.
• [21] I. Sutskever, “Sequence to Sequence Learning with Neural Networks”, arXiv Prepr. arXiv1409.3215, 2014.
• [22] D. P. Kingma, “Adam: A method for stochastic optimization”, arXiv Prepr. arXiv1412.6980, 2014.
• [23] B. Xu, “Empirical evaluation of rectified activations in convolutional network”, arXiv Prepr. arXiv1505.00853, 2015.
• [24] D.-A. Clevert, T. Unterthiner, and S. Hochreiter, “Fast and accurate deep network learning by exponential linear units (elus)”, arXiv Prepr. arXiv1511.07289, 2015.
• [25] P. Güler, E. Yalçın, ve F. Kutluer, “Kombucha Mantarının Fungus Misel Gelişimine Etkileri”, Ecol. Life Sci., vol. 5, no 3, pp. 268–273, 2010.