Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye

Merve Sasmaz; Nevin Konakcı

doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754

Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye

Abstract

Increased concentrations of metals in the soil can be harmful to human health and ecosystems. This study evaluated the amounts of As, Ni, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Zn, and Mn in 20 soil samples to identify potential ecological concerns and sources of heavy metal contamination in the soils adjacent to the Maden Complex. The findings revealed that the mean concentrations of As, Ni, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, Zn, and Mn in the soil of the research region were 14.6 mg kg-1, 222.7 mg kg-1, 19.3 mg kg-1, 19.8 mg kg-1, 119.8 mg kg-1, 2.7 mg kg-1, 26.1 mg kg-1, and 882.8 mg kg-1, respectively. In soil samples, all save one exhibited nickel amounts surpassing the permissible limits established by the WHO. Out of the total soil samples, seven exhibited chromium concentrations beyond the WHO's permissible limits, three displayed arsenic concentrations exceeding the WHO's permissible limits, and two revealed manganese concentrations over the WHO's permissible limits. The EF of As was highly enriched, Ni was significantly enriched, Cr and Mn were moderately enriched, while Co, Cu, Pb, and Zn exhibited little enrichment. The average Igeo values are as follows: As 2.35 (moderately contaminated), Ni 0.46 (lightly polluted), Cr -0.56, Mn -0.95, Co -1.05, Zn -3.09, Pb -3.25, and Cu -3.60 (unpolluted). Samples from the research area indicate moderately to substantially contaminated soil, as evidenced by PLI (mean 2.21) values. The results may provide essential insights and guidance for addressing heavy metal contamination in soils in similar locations.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Firat University

Ethical Statement

I declare that all the information in the article titled “Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazig), Turkey,” which I prepared in accordance with the rules of the Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science, is accurate, that I have acted in accordance with scientific ethical rules in the production and presentation of the information, that I have cited all the sources I used, that I have indicated all institutions/organizations and individuals who provided material and moral support, and that I have never used the data and information presented here for the purpose of obtaining a title or degree.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Geological Sciences and Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Merve Sasmaz
0000-0002-8833-3197
Ireland

Nevin Konakcı ^*
0000-0002-0163-0966
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 30, 2026

Submission Date

April 1, 2026

Acceptance Date

August 10, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 15 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA56RE54PL

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RIS / Bibtex

APA

Sasmaz, M., & Konakcı, N. (2026). Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 15(3), 1439-1464. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754

AMA

1.Sasmaz M, Konakcı N. Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;15(3):1439-1464. doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754

Chicago

Sasmaz, Merve, and Nevin Konakcı. 2026. “Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 15 (3): 1439-64. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754.

EndNote

Sasmaz M, Konakcı N (September 1, 2026) Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 15 3 1439–1464.

IEEE

[1]M. Sasmaz and N. Konakcı, “Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye”, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 1439–1464, Sept. 2026, doi: 10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754.

ISNAD

Sasmaz, Merve - Konakcı, Nevin. “Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 15/3 (September 1, 2026): 1439-1464. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754.

JAMA

1.Sasmaz M, Konakcı N. Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026;15:1439–1464.

MLA

Sasmaz, Merve, and Nevin Konakcı. “Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 15, no. 3, Sept. 2026, pp. 1439-64, doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754.

Vancouver

1.Merve Sasmaz, Nevin Konakcı. Determination of Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils of Maden Complex (Elazığ), Türkiye. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2026 Sep. 1;15(3):1439-64. doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1920754