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Abstract

Today, a large part of energy are obtained from fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas. However, the amount of fossil fuel has been declining steadily due to increased energy consumption in parallel with world population and its needs. Also, gases emitted from fosil fuels causes environmental problems such as acid rains, climate change, increasing greenhouse gases. Therefore, the interest on renewable energy sources like solar, wind and biomass has increased. Considering the potential of increasing oil prices and raw material potential, bioethanol derived from biomass can be used as both more economical and sustainable energy source. Type of biomass for production of bioethanol is variable depending on factors such as collection, storage, pre-treatment, hydrolysis and fermentation

Keywords

• Bioethanol, Biomass, Renewable fuels

Biyoetanolün Genel Özellikleri ve Üretimi İçin Gerekli Hammadde Kaynakları

Abstract

Günümüzde, enerjinin büyük bir bölümü petrol, kömür ve doğal gaz gibi fosil yakıtlardan elde edilmektedir. Fakat dünya nüfusu ve ihtiyaçlarına paralel olarak artan enerji tüketiminden dolayı fosil yakıt miktarı giderek azalmaktadır. Ayrıca, fosil yakıtlardan salınan gazlar asit yağmurları, iklim değişikliği, sera gazı emisyonunda artış gibi çevresel problemlere de sebep olmaktadır. Bundan dolayı, güneş, rüzgâr, biyokütle gibi yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına olan ilgi artmıştır. Biyokütleden elde edilen biyoetanol ise özellikle artan petrol fiyatları ve hammadde potansiyeli göz önünde bulundurulduğunda hem daha ekonomik hem de sürdürülebilir enerji kaynağı olarak kullanılabilir. Biyoetanol üretimi için gerekli biyokütle türü toplama, depolama, ön- muamele, hidroliz, fermentasyon gibi etmenlere bağlı olarak değişmektedir.

Keywords

• Biyoetanol, Biyokütle, Yenilenebilir enerjiler

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