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The Determination of the Total Efficiency for NaI(Tl) Detector by GATE Simulation

Year 2019, Volume: 8 , 37 - 45, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.649129

Abstract


Bu
çalışmada Geant4
tabanlı GATE simulasyon programı kullanılarak NaI(Tl) detektörünün
toplam verimi hesaplandı. Simulasyon, 50-3000 keV foton enerji
aralığında çeşitli kaynak-detektör uzaklıklarında izotropik
nokta ve disk gama ışını kaynağı kullanılarak
gerçekleştirildi. Sonuçlar, 1958-2018 periyodu boyunca elde edilen
farklı analitik ve Monte Carlo hesaplamaları sonuçları ile
karşılaştırıldı. Hesaplanan ve GATE simulasyonuyla elde edilen
sonuçlar birbiriyle uyumlu çıkmasının yanında düşük
enerjideki gamalar için çok daha hassas sonuçlar bu çalışmada
bulunmuştur.

References

  • 1. Zazubovich S. 2001. Physics of halide scintillators, Radiation Measurements, 33(5):699-704. 2. Mouhtia I., Elaniquea A., Messousb M.Y., Benahmedb A., McFeec J.E., Elgouba Y., Griffithd P. 2019. Characterization of CsI(Tl) and LYSO(Ce) scintillator detectors by measurements and Monte Carlo simulations, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 154, 108878, 1-7. 3. Yalcin S., Gurler O., Kaynak G., Gundogdu O. 2007 Calculation of total counting efficiency of a NaI(Tl) detector by hybrid Monte-Carlo method for point and disc sources. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 65:1179-1186. 4. Tarım Akar U., Gürler O., Yalçın S. 2018. A Quick Method to Calculate NaI(Tl) Detector Efficiency Depending on Gamma ray Energy and Source-to-detector Distance, Celal Bayar University Journal of Science, 14(2):195-199. 5. Hofstadter R. 1949. The Detection of Gamma-Rays with Thallium-Activated Sodium Iodide Crystals. Physical Review, 75(5):796-810. 6. Pilakouta M., Pappa F.K., Patiris D.L., Tsabaris C., Kalfas C.A. 2018. A methodology for expanding the use of NaI(Tl) based spectrometry in environmental radioactivity measurements. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 139: 159-168. 7. Zhang Y., Li C., Liu D., Zhang Y., Liu Y., 2015. Monte Carlo simulation of a NaI(Tl) detector for in situ radioactivity measurements in the marine environment. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 98: 44-48. 8. Duc Tam H., Hai Yen N.T., Tran, L.B., Dinh Chuong, H. and Thien Thanh, T. 2017. Optimization of the Monte Carlo simulation model of NaI(Tl) detector by Geant4 code. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 130:75–79. 9. Wang J., Zhang Y., Liu D., Wu B., Zhang Y., Jiang H., 2018. Automated spectra analysis of in situ radioactivity measurements in the marine environment using NaI(Tl) detector.,Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 141: 88–94. 10. Hamzawy A., 2010. Simple analytical formula to calculate γ-ray cylindrical detectors efficiencies. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, 624(1):124-129. 11. Chuong H. D., Nguyen Q. H., Nguyen T. M. L., Nguyen V. H., 2019. Validation of gamma scanning method for optimizing NaI(Tl) detector model in Monte Carlo simulation. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 149:1-8 12. Zikovsky L., Chah B. 1988. A computer program for calculating Ge(li) detector counting efficiencies with large volume samples. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, A263(2-3):483-486. 13. Özmutlu C., Ortaovalı A.Z. 1976. Calculation of total and full energy peak efficiencies of Ge(Li) and NaI(Tl) detectors by introducing the mean chord length, Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 149-155. 14. Abbas M.I. 2010, A new analytical method to calibrate cylindrical phoswich and LaBr3(Ce)scintillation detectors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 621: 413-418. 15. Abbas M.I., Noureddeen S. 2011. Analytical expression to calculate total and full-energy peak efficiencies for cylindrical phoswich and lanthanum bromide scintillation detectors, Radiation Measurement, 46:440-445 16. Pomme S. 2009. Detection efficiency calculation for photons, electrons and positrons in a well detector.Part I:Analytical model. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 604:584-591. 17. Lépy M.C. et al. 2019. A benchmark for Monte Carlo simulation in gamma-ray spectrometry. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 154,108850:1-7 18. Ashrafi S., Anvarian S., Sobhanian S. 2006. Monte-Carlo modeling of a NaI(Tl) scintillator. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 269(1):95–98. 19. Garnett R., Prestwich W.V., Atanackovic J., Wong M., Byun S.H. 2017. Characterization of a LaBr3(Ce) detector for gamma-ray spectrometry for CANDU power reactors., Radiation Measurements, 106:628-631. 20. Zhang J., Zhang P., Zhang Y., Yang J., Yuan G., Song X., Li X., Zhou Y. 2019. Geant4 simulation study on detection efficiencies of the Compton suppression system at the HL-2A tokamak. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 150:63-69. 21. Wirawan R., Angraini L.M., Qomariyah N., Waris A., Djamal M. 2020. Gamma backscattering analysis of flaw types and orientation based on Monte Carlo Geant4 simulations. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 155,108924:1-7. 22. Cesana A., Terrani M. 1977. Gamma-ray Activity Determination in Large Volume Samples with a Ge-Li Detector. Analytical Chemistry, 49(8):1156-1159. 23. Selim Y.S., Abbas M.I., Fawzy M. A. 1998. Analytical calculation of the efficiencies of gamma scintillators. Part I: Total efficiency for coaxial disk sources. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 53:589-592. 24. Nakamura T. 1972. Monte Carlo calculation of efficiencies and response functions of NaI(Tl) crystals for thick disk gam-ray sources and its application to Ge(Li) detectors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 105:77-89. 25. Belluscio M.,DeLeo R.,Pantaleo A.,Vox A. 1974. Efficiencies and response functions of NaI(T1) crystals for gamma rays from thick disk sources. Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 118:553-563. 26. Vegors Jr, S.H, Marsden, L.L, Heath, R.L. 1958. Calculated efficiencies of cylindrical radiation detectors. AEC Research and Development Report, 1958, IDO-16370. 27. Heath, R.L. 1964. Scintillation spectrometry, Vol. 1, IDO-16880-1. 28. Miller W.F., Snow W.J., 1961. NaI and CsI efficiencies and photofractions for gamma-ray detection, Nucleonics, 19(11): 174. 29. Open Gate Collaboration “Users Guide V8.0 From Wiki OpenGATE”. Accessed July 2018. http://www.opengatecollaboration.org/sites/default/files/GATE-UsersGuideV8.0.pdf 30. ROOT Date Analysis Framework user’s guide. Accessed September 2018 https://root.cern.ch/root/htmldoc/guides/users-guide/ROOTUsersGuide.html
Year 2019, Volume: 8 , 37 - 45, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.649129

Abstract

References

  • 1. Zazubovich S. 2001. Physics of halide scintillators, Radiation Measurements, 33(5):699-704. 2. Mouhtia I., Elaniquea A., Messousb M.Y., Benahmedb A., McFeec J.E., Elgouba Y., Griffithd P. 2019. Characterization of CsI(Tl) and LYSO(Ce) scintillator detectors by measurements and Monte Carlo simulations, Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 154, 108878, 1-7. 3. Yalcin S., Gurler O., Kaynak G., Gundogdu O. 2007 Calculation of total counting efficiency of a NaI(Tl) detector by hybrid Monte-Carlo method for point and disc sources. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 65:1179-1186. 4. Tarım Akar U., Gürler O., Yalçın S. 2018. A Quick Method to Calculate NaI(Tl) Detector Efficiency Depending on Gamma ray Energy and Source-to-detector Distance, Celal Bayar University Journal of Science, 14(2):195-199. 5. Hofstadter R. 1949. The Detection of Gamma-Rays with Thallium-Activated Sodium Iodide Crystals. Physical Review, 75(5):796-810. 6. Pilakouta M., Pappa F.K., Patiris D.L., Tsabaris C., Kalfas C.A. 2018. A methodology for expanding the use of NaI(Tl) based spectrometry in environmental radioactivity measurements. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 139: 159-168. 7. Zhang Y., Li C., Liu D., Zhang Y., Liu Y., 2015. Monte Carlo simulation of a NaI(Tl) detector for in situ radioactivity measurements in the marine environment. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 98: 44-48. 8. Duc Tam H., Hai Yen N.T., Tran, L.B., Dinh Chuong, H. and Thien Thanh, T. 2017. Optimization of the Monte Carlo simulation model of NaI(Tl) detector by Geant4 code. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 130:75–79. 9. Wang J., Zhang Y., Liu D., Wu B., Zhang Y., Jiang H., 2018. Automated spectra analysis of in situ radioactivity measurements in the marine environment using NaI(Tl) detector.,Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 141: 88–94. 10. Hamzawy A., 2010. Simple analytical formula to calculate γ-ray cylindrical detectors efficiencies. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, 624(1):124-129. 11. Chuong H. D., Nguyen Q. H., Nguyen T. M. L., Nguyen V. H., 2019. Validation of gamma scanning method for optimizing NaI(Tl) detector model in Monte Carlo simulation. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 149:1-8 12. Zikovsky L., Chah B. 1988. A computer program for calculating Ge(li) detector counting efficiencies with large volume samples. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, A263(2-3):483-486. 13. Özmutlu C., Ortaovalı A.Z. 1976. Calculation of total and full energy peak efficiencies of Ge(Li) and NaI(Tl) detectors by introducing the mean chord length, Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 149-155. 14. Abbas M.I. 2010, A new analytical method to calibrate cylindrical phoswich and LaBr3(Ce)scintillation detectors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 621: 413-418. 15. Abbas M.I., Noureddeen S. 2011. Analytical expression to calculate total and full-energy peak efficiencies for cylindrical phoswich and lanthanum bromide scintillation detectors, Radiation Measurement, 46:440-445 16. Pomme S. 2009. Detection efficiency calculation for photons, electrons and positrons in a well detector.Part I:Analytical model. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 604:584-591. 17. Lépy M.C. et al. 2019. A benchmark for Monte Carlo simulation in gamma-ray spectrometry. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 154,108850:1-7 18. Ashrafi S., Anvarian S., Sobhanian S. 2006. Monte-Carlo modeling of a NaI(Tl) scintillator. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 269(1):95–98. 19. Garnett R., Prestwich W.V., Atanackovic J., Wong M., Byun S.H. 2017. Characterization of a LaBr3(Ce) detector for gamma-ray spectrometry for CANDU power reactors., Radiation Measurements, 106:628-631. 20. Zhang J., Zhang P., Zhang Y., Yang J., Yuan G., Song X., Li X., Zhou Y. 2019. Geant4 simulation study on detection efficiencies of the Compton suppression system at the HL-2A tokamak. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 150:63-69. 21. Wirawan R., Angraini L.M., Qomariyah N., Waris A., Djamal M. 2020. Gamma backscattering analysis of flaw types and orientation based on Monte Carlo Geant4 simulations. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 155,108924:1-7. 22. Cesana A., Terrani M. 1977. Gamma-ray Activity Determination in Large Volume Samples with a Ge-Li Detector. Analytical Chemistry, 49(8):1156-1159. 23. Selim Y.S., Abbas M.I., Fawzy M. A. 1998. Analytical calculation of the efficiencies of gamma scintillators. Part I: Total efficiency for coaxial disk sources. Radiation Physics and Chemistry 53:589-592. 24. Nakamura T. 1972. Monte Carlo calculation of efficiencies and response functions of NaI(Tl) crystals for thick disk gam-ray sources and its application to Ge(Li) detectors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 105:77-89. 25. Belluscio M.,DeLeo R.,Pantaleo A.,Vox A. 1974. Efficiencies and response functions of NaI(T1) crystals for gamma rays from thick disk sources. Nuclear Instruments and Methods, 118:553-563. 26. Vegors Jr, S.H, Marsden, L.L, Heath, R.L. 1958. Calculated efficiencies of cylindrical radiation detectors. AEC Research and Development Report, 1958, IDO-16370. 27. Heath, R.L. 1964. Scintillation spectrometry, Vol. 1, IDO-16880-1. 28. Miller W.F., Snow W.J., 1961. NaI and CsI efficiencies and photofractions for gamma-ray detection, Nucleonics, 19(11): 174. 29. Open Gate Collaboration “Users Guide V8.0 From Wiki OpenGATE”. Accessed July 2018. http://www.opengatecollaboration.org/sites/default/files/GATE-UsersGuideV8.0.pdf 30. ROOT Date Analysis Framework user’s guide. Accessed September 2018 https://root.cern.ch/root/htmldoc/guides/users-guide/ROOTUsersGuide.html
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Nuray Yavuzkanat 0000-0001-5055-9185

Sezai Yalçın 0000-0001-6779-9230

Didem Güngör This is me 0000-0003-2742-1094

Publication Date December 31, 2019
Submission Date November 20, 2019
Acceptance Date December 19, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 8

Cite

IEEE N. Yavuzkanat, S. Yalçın, and D. Güngör, “The Determination of the Total Efficiency for NaI(Tl) Detector by GATE Simulation”, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 8, pp. 37–45, 2019, doi: 10.17798/bitlisfen.649129.

Bitlis Eren University
Journal of Science Editor
Bitlis Eren University Graduate Institute
Bes Minare Mah. Ahmet Eren Bulvari, Merkez Kampus, 13000 BITLIS