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Effects of Fennel and Cumin Extracts on Flax Seed Germination Parameters and Mitotic Activity in the Root Tip Cells

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 197 - 206, 21.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.806250

Abstract

Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effects of cumin and fennel seeds extracts, on the germination, seedling development and mitotic activity in root end meristem cells of flax seed. The experiment was established in laboratory according to randomized plot factorial experiment design with three replications in incubator having 23℃ temperature. At the end of 14 days of germination period some germination parameters were measured. According to the control, it was observed that fennel extract applications positively affected the germination and seedling development of flax seed except 100 g/l dose. While germination is seen at 100 g/l, seedling growth is completely prevented. It was observed that all cumin extract applications had a negative effect on the germination and seedling development of flax seed compared to the control. This negativity has shown more effect in increasing doses. While the germination rate is gradually decreasing in increasing doses, it is observed that the growth of seedlings is completely prevented except 12.5 and 25 g/lcumin extract. Increased doses at doses other than 100 g/lincreased the mitotic index in fennel extract application and decreased the dose increase in cumin extract application. The percentage of chromosomal abnormality decreased in parallel with the increase in doses other than 100 g/l in fennel, but percentage of chromosomal abnormality increase with increasing doses in cumin extract. During mitotic examinations; mitotic abnormalities such as failure to collect the metaphase plate, bridge in anaphase and telophase were observed and their pictures were recorded.

References

  • Putnam A.R. 1994. Phytotoxicity of plant residues. In Managing Agricultural Residues P.W. Unger., Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, 285-314.
  • Zeng R.S. 2014. Allelopathy-the solution is indirect. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 40: 515-516.
  • Uslu O.S., Gedik O., Kaya A.R., Erol A., Khan M.A., Taşsever M., Türkkaya E. 2018. Allelopathic effects of flower extract of oleander (Nerium oleander) on the germination of seed and seedling growth of Lolium multiflorum. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 8 (1): 309-317.
  • Fateh E., Sohrabi S.S., Gerami F. 2012. Evaluation the allelopathic effect of bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) on germination and seedling growth of millet and basil. Advances in Environmental Biology, 6 (3): 940-950.
  • Zeng R.S., Mallik A.U., Luo S.M. 2008. Allelopathy in sustainable agriculture and forestry. New York, Springer Press,1-412.
  • Molisch H. 1937. Der einfluss einer pflanze auf die andere allelopathie. Jena, Germany: Gustav Fischer.
  • Gürsoy M., Balkan A., Ulukan H. 2013. Allelopathy in plant production. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, 27 (2): 115-122.
  • Kim Y.S. 2001. Allelopathic effects of some volatile substances from the tomato plant. Journal of Crop Production, 4 (2): 313-321.
  • Uygur F.N., Köseli F., Cesurer L. 1991. Investigation of the use of Raphanus sativus L. as a bio herbicide in cotton fields. VI. Phytopathology Congress Turkey, 7-11 October Izmir. Turkey Phytopathological Society Press, 6: 167-171.
  • Ozbay N. 2018. Allelopathic effects of some herbs and medicinal plants extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of pepper. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 5 (1): 81-85.
  • Hesabi S., Vazan S., Golzardi F. 2014. The effect of yellow yarrow (Achillea santolina) aqueous extracts as a factor in seed priming of canola and flax. International Journal of Biosciences, 5 (5): 195-202.
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  • Hu G., Zhang Z. 2013. Allelopathic effects of Chromolaena odorata on native and non-native invasive herbs. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 11 (1): 878-882.
  • Kadıoglu I., Yanar Y. 2004. Allelopathic effects of plant extracts against seed germination of some weeds. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 3 (4): 472-475.
  • Horoz H. 2019. Determination of allelopatic effects of false yellowhead (Inula viscosa L.) and tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle) a germination of some weed seeds. Master’s Thesis, Universty of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Institute of Science, Hatay.
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  • Burgos N.R., Talbert R.E. 2000. Differential activity of allelochemicals from Secale cereale in seedling bioassays. Weed Science, 48: 302-310.
  • Turk M.A., Tawaha A.M. 2002. Allelopathic effect of black mustard (Brassica nigra L.) on germination and growth of wild oat (Avena fatua L.). Crop Protection, 222: 673-677.
  • Kato-Noguchi H. 2003. Assesment of allelopathic potential of shoot powder of lemon balm. Scientia Horticulture, 97: 419-423.
  • Kordali S., Cakir A., Ozer H., Cakmakcı R., Kesdek M., Mete E. 2008. Antifungal, phytotoxic and insecticidal properties of essential oil isolated from Turkish Origanum acuditens and three components, carvacrol, thymol and p-cymene. Bioresource Technology, 99: 8788-8795.
  • Kitis Y.E., Kolören O., Uygur F.N. 2016. Allelopathic effects of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) on germination and development of some weed species. Journal of Central Research Institute for Field Crops, 25 (1): 100-106.

Effects of Fennel and Cumin Extracts on Flax Seed Germination Parameters and Mitotic Activity in the Root Tip Cells

Year 2021, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 197 - 206, 21.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.806250

Abstract

Bu çalışma kimyon ve rezene tohum ekstraktlarının keten tohumunun çimlenme, fide gelişimi ve kök ucu meristem hücreleri üzerindeki mitotik aktivitelerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Deney, laboratuvar koşullarında 23℃’deki inkübatörde tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yapılmıştır. İki farklı öğütülmüş tohum türünden 4 farklı çözelti hazırlanmıştır. 14 günlük çimlenme süresinin sonunda, bazı çimlenme parametreleri ölçülmüştür. Kontrol uygulamasına göre, rezene ekstraktı uygulamalarının 100 g/l dozu hariç keten tohumunun çimlenme ve fide gelişimini olumlu yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. 100 g/l dozunda çimlenme görülürken, fide büyümesi tamamen engellenmiştir. Tüm kimyon ekstraktı uygulamalarının, kontrol uygulamasına kıyasla keten tohumunun çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu olumsuzluk artan dozlarda daha fazla etki göstermiştir. Çimlenme oranı artan dozlarda kademeli olarak düşerken, 12.5 ve 25 g/l kimyon ekstresi hariç fidelerin büyümesinin tamamen önlendiği görülmektedir. 100 g/l dışındaki dozlar, rezene ekstraktı uygulamasında mitotik indeksi artırmış ve kimyon ekstraktı uygulamasında doz artışı mitotik indeksi azaltmıştır. Kromozomal anormallik yüzdesi, rezenelerde 100 g/l dışındaki dozlardaki artışa paralel olarak azalmış, ancak kimyon ekstraktında artan dozlarla kromozomal anormallik yüzdesi artmıştır. Mitotik incelemelerde; metafaz plağında toplanamama, anafazda ve telofazda köprü gibi mitotik anormallikler gözlenmiş ve resimleri kaydedilmiştir. Tüm bu bilgiler ışığında, rezene ekstraktının keten tohumunda çimlenmeyi teşvik ettiği görülmüştür. Bu etkinin, yapılacak daha ayrıntılı çalışmalar sayesinde farklı tohumlardaki dormansiyi kırmak için kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bunun yanında kimyon ekstraktının bazı tohumlarda çimlenmeyi önlemek üzere kullanılabileceği değerlendirilmektedir.

References

  • Putnam A.R. 1994. Phytotoxicity of plant residues. In Managing Agricultural Residues P.W. Unger., Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, 285-314.
  • Zeng R.S. 2014. Allelopathy-the solution is indirect. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 40: 515-516.
  • Uslu O.S., Gedik O., Kaya A.R., Erol A., Khan M.A., Taşsever M., Türkkaya E. 2018. Allelopathic effects of flower extract of oleander (Nerium oleander) on the germination of seed and seedling growth of Lolium multiflorum. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 8 (1): 309-317.
  • Fateh E., Sohrabi S.S., Gerami F. 2012. Evaluation the allelopathic effect of bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) on germination and seedling growth of millet and basil. Advances in Environmental Biology, 6 (3): 940-950.
  • Zeng R.S., Mallik A.U., Luo S.M. 2008. Allelopathy in sustainable agriculture and forestry. New York, Springer Press,1-412.
  • Molisch H. 1937. Der einfluss einer pflanze auf die andere allelopathie. Jena, Germany: Gustav Fischer.
  • Gürsoy M., Balkan A., Ulukan H. 2013. Allelopathy in plant production. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, 27 (2): 115-122.
  • Kim Y.S. 2001. Allelopathic effects of some volatile substances from the tomato plant. Journal of Crop Production, 4 (2): 313-321.
  • Uygur F.N., Köseli F., Cesurer L. 1991. Investigation of the use of Raphanus sativus L. as a bio herbicide in cotton fields. VI. Phytopathology Congress Turkey, 7-11 October Izmir. Turkey Phytopathological Society Press, 6: 167-171.
  • Ozbay N. 2018. Allelopathic effects of some herbs and medicinal plants extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of pepper. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 5 (1): 81-85.
  • Hesabi S., Vazan S., Golzardi F. 2014. The effect of yellow yarrow (Achillea santolina) aqueous extracts as a factor in seed priming of canola and flax. International Journal of Biosciences, 5 (5): 195-202.
  • Elci S., Sancak C. 2013. Sitogenetikte Araştırma Yöntemleri ve Gözlemler. Ankara Üniversitesi Yayınları, No: 386, 223s (In Turkish).
  • SAS, 2014. SAS Institute. SAS 9.4 user’s guide. SAS Inst., Cary, NC.
  • Steel R.G.D, Torrie J.H. 1980. Principles and procedures of statistics. A Biometrical Approach. 2nd edition. McGraw Hill Book Co. Inc. New York, USA.
  • Hu G., Zhang Z. 2013. Allelopathic effects of Chromolaena odorata on native and non-native invasive herbs. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 11 (1): 878-882.
  • Kadıoglu I., Yanar Y. 2004. Allelopathic effects of plant extracts against seed germination of some weeds. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 3 (4): 472-475.
  • Horoz H. 2019. Determination of allelopatic effects of false yellowhead (Inula viscosa L.) and tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle) a germination of some weed seeds. Master’s Thesis, Universty of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Institute of Science, Hatay.
  • Sözeri S., Ayhan A. 1997. Taraxacum officinale Weber's root and leaf water extracts allelopathic effects on some grass types. Turkey II. Herbology Congress (1-4 September 1997, Izmir & Ayvalık), p: 313-328.
  • Burgos N.R., Talbert R.E. 2000. Differential activity of allelochemicals from Secale cereale in seedling bioassays. Weed Science, 48: 302-310.
  • Turk M.A., Tawaha A.M. 2002. Allelopathic effect of black mustard (Brassica nigra L.) on germination and growth of wild oat (Avena fatua L.). Crop Protection, 222: 673-677.
  • Kato-Noguchi H. 2003. Assesment of allelopathic potential of shoot powder of lemon balm. Scientia Horticulture, 97: 419-423.
  • Kordali S., Cakir A., Ozer H., Cakmakcı R., Kesdek M., Mete E. 2008. Antifungal, phytotoxic and insecticidal properties of essential oil isolated from Turkish Origanum acuditens and three components, carvacrol, thymol and p-cymene. Bioresource Technology, 99: 8788-8795.
  • Kitis Y.E., Kolören O., Uygur F.N. 2016. Allelopathic effects of common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) on germination and development of some weed species. Journal of Central Research Institute for Field Crops, 25 (1): 100-106.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Osman Gedik 0000-0002-4816-3154

Ömer Süha Uslu 0000-0003-0858-0305

Publication Date March 21, 2021
Submission Date October 6, 2020
Acceptance Date January 11, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 10 Issue: 1

Cite

IEEE O. Gedik and Ö. S. Uslu, “Effects of Fennel and Cumin Extracts on Flax Seed Germination Parameters and Mitotic Activity in the Root Tip Cells”, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 197–206, 2021, doi: 10.17798/bitlisfen.806250.

Bitlis Eren University
Journal of Science Editor
Bitlis Eren University Graduate Institute
Bes Minare Mah. Ahmet Eren Bulvari, Merkez Kampus, 13000 BITLIS