Research Article
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Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 65 - 76, 30.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.46387/bjesr.1435749

Abstract

Feeding animals is one of the important problems of those dealing with livestock breeding. In order for animals to live a healthy life, they need to have adequate and balanced nutrition. Providing nutrients from cheaper sources has an important place in animal husbandry. In this study, it was aimed to prepare low-cost feed rations for dairy cattle with Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the experiments, a milk yield of 20 and 25 Kg with 3.5% fat was targeted, taking as reference dairy cattle with a body weight of 450 to 600 Kg in the 10th lactation week. GA's results were compared to the National Dairy Council's raw milk production cost in June 2023, yielding an approximately 20% gain in feed cost.

References

  • L.P. Reynolds, M. C. Wulster-Radcliffe, D. K. Aaron and T. A. Davis, “Importance of animals in agricultural sustainability and food security”, The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 145, no. 7, pp. 1377–1379, 2015.
  • M. Eastwood, “Principles of Human Nutrition, 2nd Edition”, Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
  • Türkiye Yem Sanayicileri Birliği, “Karma Yem Sanayi Raporu 2019”, Poyraz Ofset Matbaacılık, Ankara, 2019.
  • F. Budak and F. Budak “Yem bitkilerinde kalite ve yem bitkileri kalitesini etkileyen faktörler”, Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2014.
  • A. Karabulut, M. Ergül, İ. Ak, H.R. Kutlu and A. Alçiçek “Karma yem endüstrisi”, V. Türkiye Ziraat Mühendisliği Teknik Kongresi, TMMOB Ziraat Mühendisleri Odası, pp. 985-1008, 2000.
  • T. Parlar and F. Koç “Toplam Rasyon Karışımı Kullanılan Bir Süt Sığırı İşletmesinin Besleme Açısından Değerlendirilmesi”, Erciyes Tarım ve Hayvan Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 24-32, 2020.
  • M. Boğa, and K.K. Çevik “Ruminant hayvanlar için karma yem hazırlama programı”, XIV. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı (Akademik Bilişim’12), Uşak Üniversitesi, pp. 249-256, 2012.
  • A. Bellingeri, A. Gallo, D. Liang, F. Masoero and V. E. Cabrera, “Development of a linear programming model for the optimal allocation of nutritional resources in a dairy herd”, Journal of dairy science, vol. 103, no. 11, pp. 10898-10916, 2020.
  • V. Patil, R. Gupta, R. Duraisamy et al. “Dairy cattle nutrition and feed calculator-an android application”, Tropical Animal Health and Production, vol. 53, no. 2, p. 315, 2021.
  • V.N. Wijayaningrum and W. F. Mahmudy “Fodder composition optimization using modified genetic algorithm”. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI), vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 68-75, 2019.
  • R.S. Kuntal, R. Gupta, D. Rajendran and V. Patil “Livestock Ration Formulation for Dairy Cattle and Buffalo”, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2022.
  • T.N. Fatyanosa, W. F. Mahmudy “Hybrid Modified Evolution Strategies and Linear Programming for Beef Cattle Feed Optimization”, International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 223–235, 2019.
  • M. Milani and B. Milani “Meta-Sezgisel Optimizasyon Yöntemlerine Dayalı bir Rasyon Hazırlama Modeli”, Electronic Letters on Science and Engineering, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 97-104, 2022.
  • A. Elen, “A Complete Solution to Exam Scheduling Problem: A Case Study”, Journal of Scientific Reports-A, vol. 49, pp. 12-34, 2022.
  • A. Elen and İ. Çayıroğlu, “Solving of Scheduling Problem with Heuristic Optimization Approach”, Technology (Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal), vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 159-172, 2010.
  • M.A. Şahman, M. Çunkas, Ş. İnal, F. İnal, B. Coşkun and U. Taşkıran, “Cost optimization of feed mixes by genetic algorithms”, Advanced Engineering Software, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 965-974, 2009.
  • P. Guo and L. Zhang, “Automatic feed formulation method based on Differential Evolution algorithm for precision feeding of dairy cows”, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 768, no. 7, IOP Publishing, 2020.
  • H. Jayadianti, N.H. Cahyana, W.G. Kusuma, A. H. Pratomo, “Hybrid genetic algorithm and simulated annealing for the selection of web-based beef cattle feed composition”, 6th International Conference on Science in Information Technology (ICSITech), Palu, Indonesia, pp. 189-193, 2020.
  • L. Hassani, M. Daneshvar-kakhki, M. Sabouhi-sabouni and R. Ghanbari,. “The optimization of resilience and sustainability using mathematical programming models and metaheuristic algorithms”, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 228, pp. 1062-1072, 2019.
  • D. D. Uyeh, T. Pamulapati, R. Mallipeddi, T. Park, S. Asem-Hiablie, S. Woo, J. Kim, Y. Kim and Y. Ha, “Precision animal feed formulation: An evolutionary multi-objective approach”, Animal Feed Science and Technology, vol. 256, no. 114211, 2019.
  • R.S. Kuntal, R. Gupta, D. Rajendran and V. Patil, “Goal Programming Model to find least Cost Ration for Non-pregnant Dairy Buffaloes: An Alternative Approach”. Int. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 823-826, 2018.
  • R. Das, K.N. Das and S. Mallik, “An efficient evolutionary optimizer for solving complex dairy feed optimization problems”, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 204, no. 107566, 2023.
  • A. Sammad, Y. J. Wang, S. Umer, H. Lirong, I. Khan, A. Khan, B. Ahmad and Y. Wang, “Nutritional Physiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Cattle under the Influence of Heat Stress: Consequences and Opportunities”, Animals, vol. 10, no. 5, 2020.
  • E. Humer, R.M. Petri, J.R. Aschenbach, B. J. Bradford, G.B. Penner, M. Tafaj, K.H. Südekum and Q. Zebeli, “Invited review: Practical feeding management recommendations to mitigate the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cattle”, Journal of dairy science, vol. 101, no. 2, pp. 872-888, 2018.
  • A. Berman, “Invited review: Are adaptations present to support dairy cattle productivity in warm climates?”, Journal of dairy science, vol. 94, no. 5, pp. 2147-2158, 2011.
  • K. Garamu, “Significance of feed supplementation on milk yield and milk composition of dairy cow”, Journal of Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 1-9, 2019.
  • National Research Council, “Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle: Seventh Revised Edition, 2001”, National Academies Press, 2001.
  • E.B. Rayburn and D.G. Fox, “Variation in neutral detergent fiber intake of Holstein cows”, Journal of Dairy Science, vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 544-554, 1993.
  • D.K. Roseler, D.G. Fox, L.E. Chase, A. N. Pell and W.C. Stone, “Development and evaluation of equations for the prediction of feed intake for lactating Holstein dairy cows”, Journal of Dairy Science, vol. 80, pp. 681-691, 1997.
  • J. Linn, “Energy in the 2001 dairy NRC: Understanding the system”, Minnesota Dairy Health Conference, College of Veterinary Medicine, pp. 102-110, 2003.
  • National Research Council, “Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 6th Rev. Ed.”, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1989.
  • P.S. Erickson and K.F. Kalscheur, “Nutrition and feeding of dairy cattle”, Animal Agriculture, pp. 157-180, 2020.
  • M. Görgülü, “Büyük ve Küçükbaş Hayvan Besleme”, Çukurova Üniversitesi Yayınları, 224, Adana, pp. 26-61, 2002.
  • C.R. Staples and F.M. Cullens, “Implications of fat-feeding practices for lactating dairy cows – effects on milk fat”, Advances in Dairy Technology, vol. 17, pp. 277-295, 2005.
  • https://ulusalsutkonseyi.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/HAZIRAN-2023-MALIYET.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:13.06.2023)

Sağmal İneklerde Yem Rasyonu Maliyetinin Genetik Algoritma ile Optimizasyonu

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 65 - 76, 30.04.2024
https://doi.org/10.46387/bjesr.1435749

Abstract

Havyan besleme, besicilik ile uğraşanların önemli sorunlarından biridir. Hayvanların sağlıklı bir yaşam sürebilmesi için yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeleri gerekir. Besin öğelerinin daha ucuz kaynaklardan sağlanması hayvancılıkta önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, süt sığırları için Genetik Algoritma (GA) ile düşük maliyetli yem rasyonlarının hazırlanması amaçlanmıştır. Deneylerde, 10'uncu laktasyon haftasındaki 450 ile 600 Kg vücut ağırlığına sahip süt sığırları referans alınarak %3,5 yağlı 20 ve 25 Kg süt verimi hedeflenmiştir. GA'nın sonuçları, Ulusal Süt Konseyi'nin 2023 Haziran ayındaki çiğ süt üretim maliyeti ile karşılaştırılmış ve yem maliyetinde yaklaşık %20'lik bir kazanç sağlanmıştır.

References

  • L.P. Reynolds, M. C. Wulster-Radcliffe, D. K. Aaron and T. A. Davis, “Importance of animals in agricultural sustainability and food security”, The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 145, no. 7, pp. 1377–1379, 2015.
  • M. Eastwood, “Principles of Human Nutrition, 2nd Edition”, Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.
  • Türkiye Yem Sanayicileri Birliği, “Karma Yem Sanayi Raporu 2019”, Poyraz Ofset Matbaacılık, Ankara, 2019.
  • F. Budak and F. Budak “Yem bitkilerinde kalite ve yem bitkileri kalitesini etkileyen faktörler”, Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-6, 2014.
  • A. Karabulut, M. Ergül, İ. Ak, H.R. Kutlu and A. Alçiçek “Karma yem endüstrisi”, V. Türkiye Ziraat Mühendisliği Teknik Kongresi, TMMOB Ziraat Mühendisleri Odası, pp. 985-1008, 2000.
  • T. Parlar and F. Koç “Toplam Rasyon Karışımı Kullanılan Bir Süt Sığırı İşletmesinin Besleme Açısından Değerlendirilmesi”, Erciyes Tarım ve Hayvan Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 24-32, 2020.
  • M. Boğa, and K.K. Çevik “Ruminant hayvanlar için karma yem hazırlama programı”, XIV. Akademik Bilişim Konferansı (Akademik Bilişim’12), Uşak Üniversitesi, pp. 249-256, 2012.
  • A. Bellingeri, A. Gallo, D. Liang, F. Masoero and V. E. Cabrera, “Development of a linear programming model for the optimal allocation of nutritional resources in a dairy herd”, Journal of dairy science, vol. 103, no. 11, pp. 10898-10916, 2020.
  • V. Patil, R. Gupta, R. Duraisamy et al. “Dairy cattle nutrition and feed calculator-an android application”, Tropical Animal Health and Production, vol. 53, no. 2, p. 315, 2021.
  • V.N. Wijayaningrum and W. F. Mahmudy “Fodder composition optimization using modified genetic algorithm”. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI), vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 68-75, 2019.
  • R.S. Kuntal, R. Gupta, D. Rajendran and V. Patil “Livestock Ration Formulation for Dairy Cattle and Buffalo”, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2022.
  • T.N. Fatyanosa, W. F. Mahmudy “Hybrid Modified Evolution Strategies and Linear Programming for Beef Cattle Feed Optimization”, International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 223–235, 2019.
  • M. Milani and B. Milani “Meta-Sezgisel Optimizasyon Yöntemlerine Dayalı bir Rasyon Hazırlama Modeli”, Electronic Letters on Science and Engineering, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 97-104, 2022.
  • A. Elen, “A Complete Solution to Exam Scheduling Problem: A Case Study”, Journal of Scientific Reports-A, vol. 49, pp. 12-34, 2022.
  • A. Elen and İ. Çayıroğlu, “Solving of Scheduling Problem with Heuristic Optimization Approach”, Technology (Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal), vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 159-172, 2010.
  • M.A. Şahman, M. Çunkas, Ş. İnal, F. İnal, B. Coşkun and U. Taşkıran, “Cost optimization of feed mixes by genetic algorithms”, Advanced Engineering Software, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 965-974, 2009.
  • P. Guo and L. Zhang, “Automatic feed formulation method based on Differential Evolution algorithm for precision feeding of dairy cows”, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 768, no. 7, IOP Publishing, 2020.
  • H. Jayadianti, N.H. Cahyana, W.G. Kusuma, A. H. Pratomo, “Hybrid genetic algorithm and simulated annealing for the selection of web-based beef cattle feed composition”, 6th International Conference on Science in Information Technology (ICSITech), Palu, Indonesia, pp. 189-193, 2020.
  • L. Hassani, M. Daneshvar-kakhki, M. Sabouhi-sabouni and R. Ghanbari,. “The optimization of resilience and sustainability using mathematical programming models and metaheuristic algorithms”, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 228, pp. 1062-1072, 2019.
  • D. D. Uyeh, T. Pamulapati, R. Mallipeddi, T. Park, S. Asem-Hiablie, S. Woo, J. Kim, Y. Kim and Y. Ha, “Precision animal feed formulation: An evolutionary multi-objective approach”, Animal Feed Science and Technology, vol. 256, no. 114211, 2019.
  • R.S. Kuntal, R. Gupta, D. Rajendran and V. Patil, “Goal Programming Model to find least Cost Ration for Non-pregnant Dairy Buffaloes: An Alternative Approach”. Int. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 823-826, 2018.
  • R. Das, K.N. Das and S. Mallik, “An efficient evolutionary optimizer for solving complex dairy feed optimization problems”, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 204, no. 107566, 2023.
  • A. Sammad, Y. J. Wang, S. Umer, H. Lirong, I. Khan, A. Khan, B. Ahmad and Y. Wang, “Nutritional Physiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Cattle under the Influence of Heat Stress: Consequences and Opportunities”, Animals, vol. 10, no. 5, 2020.
  • E. Humer, R.M. Petri, J.R. Aschenbach, B. J. Bradford, G.B. Penner, M. Tafaj, K.H. Südekum and Q. Zebeli, “Invited review: Practical feeding management recommendations to mitigate the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cattle”, Journal of dairy science, vol. 101, no. 2, pp. 872-888, 2018.
  • A. Berman, “Invited review: Are adaptations present to support dairy cattle productivity in warm climates?”, Journal of dairy science, vol. 94, no. 5, pp. 2147-2158, 2011.
  • K. Garamu, “Significance of feed supplementation on milk yield and milk composition of dairy cow”, Journal of Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 1-9, 2019.
  • National Research Council, “Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle: Seventh Revised Edition, 2001”, National Academies Press, 2001.
  • E.B. Rayburn and D.G. Fox, “Variation in neutral detergent fiber intake of Holstein cows”, Journal of Dairy Science, vol. 76, no. 2, pp. 544-554, 1993.
  • D.K. Roseler, D.G. Fox, L.E. Chase, A. N. Pell and W.C. Stone, “Development and evaluation of equations for the prediction of feed intake for lactating Holstein dairy cows”, Journal of Dairy Science, vol. 80, pp. 681-691, 1997.
  • J. Linn, “Energy in the 2001 dairy NRC: Understanding the system”, Minnesota Dairy Health Conference, College of Veterinary Medicine, pp. 102-110, 2003.
  • National Research Council, “Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 6th Rev. Ed.”, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., 1989.
  • P.S. Erickson and K.F. Kalscheur, “Nutrition and feeding of dairy cattle”, Animal Agriculture, pp. 157-180, 2020.
  • M. Görgülü, “Büyük ve Küçükbaş Hayvan Besleme”, Çukurova Üniversitesi Yayınları, 224, Adana, pp. 26-61, 2002.
  • C.R. Staples and F.M. Cullens, “Implications of fat-feeding practices for lactating dairy cows – effects on milk fat”, Advances in Dairy Technology, vol. 17, pp. 277-295, 2005.
  • https://ulusalsutkonseyi.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/HAZIRAN-2023-MALIYET.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:13.06.2023)
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Satisfiability and Optimisation
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ertuğ Atıcı 0000-0001-9006-9025

Abdullah Elen 0000-0003-1644-0476

Early Pub Date April 27, 2024
Publication Date April 30, 2024
Submission Date February 12, 2024
Acceptance Date March 31, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Atıcı, E., & Elen, A. (2024). Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm. Mühendislik Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 6(1), 65-76. https://doi.org/10.46387/bjesr.1435749
AMA Atıcı E, Elen A. Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm. BJESR. April 2024;6(1):65-76. doi:10.46387/bjesr.1435749
Chicago Atıcı, Ertuğ, and Abdullah Elen. “Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm”. Mühendislik Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 6, no. 1 (April 2024): 65-76. https://doi.org/10.46387/bjesr.1435749.
EndNote Atıcı E, Elen A (April 1, 2024) Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 6 1 65–76.
IEEE E. Atıcı and A. Elen, “Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm”, BJESR, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 65–76, 2024, doi: 10.46387/bjesr.1435749.
ISNAD Atıcı, Ertuğ - Elen, Abdullah. “Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm”. Mühendislik Bilimleri ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 6/1 (April 2024), 65-76. https://doi.org/10.46387/bjesr.1435749.
JAMA Atıcı E, Elen A. Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm. BJESR. 2024;6:65–76.
MLA Atıcı, Ertuğ and Abdullah Elen. “Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm”. Mühendislik Bilimleri Ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 1, 2024, pp. 65-76, doi:10.46387/bjesr.1435749.
Vancouver Atıcı E, Elen A. Optimization of Feed Ration Cost in Dairy Cattle by Genetic Algorithm. BJESR. 2024;6(1):65-76.