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Bitki Temsillerinde Mimesis: Vincennes/Sèvres, Valletti ve Blaschka Koleksiyonları

Year 2023, , 244 - 259, 01.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58850/bodrum.1276475

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, farklı malzemeler ile (porselen, balmumu ve cam) üretilmiş üç koleksiyondaki bitki temsillerinin analizi yoluyla mimesis kavramını araştırmaktır. Bu çalışma, 18. yüzyıl ortalarına ait Vincennes/Sèvres koleksiyonu ile 19. yüzyıla ait Valletti ve Blaschka koleksiyonlarında bulunan bitki temsillerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın kapsamı, bu temsiller arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıkları incelemeyi ve zamanlarının tarih, bilim ve sanatını nasıl yansıttıklarını anlamayı hedeflemektedir. Üç temsil, ortak tarihsel koşullar altında ortaya çıkmaları ve gerçekliği birebir taklit etme çabası açısından benzerlikler taşımaları nedeniyle seçilmiştir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak, nitel araştırma yöntemi uygulanmıştır, literatür taraması ve belge analizi yapılmıştır. 18. yüzyıla dek sanat ve zanaat kavramlarının henüz net bir ayrıma sahip olmadığı göz önünde bulundurularak, bu temsillerin tasarım süreci tarihsel olarak incelenmekte, Platon ve Aristoteles’in mimesis yaklaşımı ile bağlantılı olarak yorumlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın sonucunda zanaatkârın/sanatçının öncelikli hedefinin, doğadaki biçimleri tanımak ve bu biçimlerin gerçekliğini mimesis yaklaşımı ile sanat/zanaat alanına yansıtmak olduğu sonucuna varılmaktadır.

References

  • Aristoteles. (1993). Poetika (İ. Tunalı, Çev.). Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Artun, A. (2015). Çağdaş sanatın örgütlenmesi: Estetik modernizmin tasfiyesi (3. Baskı). İletişim Yayınları.
  • Bafra, Ç., Colombo, P., Ülgen Saray, Y., & Yıldız, D. (2016). Yok olmadan: Doğa ve sürdürülebilirlik üzerine bir sergi. Mas.
  • Cowan, T. W. (1908). Wax craft-all about beeswax its history, production, adulteration, and commercial value. Sampson Low, Marston & Co, Ltd.
  • Else, G. F. (1958). “Imitation” in the fifth century. Classical Philology, 53(2), 73-90. http://www.jstor.org/stable/266651
  • Gordon, A. R. (2022, Aralık). Madame de Pompadour and Sèvres Porcelain: A review. Journal18 https://www.journal18.org/6631 (10.06.2023).
  • Hafız, M. (2015). Platon, Aristoteles ve Plotinus’ta mimesis teorisi. Journal of Islamic Research, 26(1), 45-52.
  • Harvard Museum of Natural History. (2020). The Blaschka Glass Models of Plants. Antennae: The Journal of Nature in Visual Culture, Vegetal Entanglements (51), 50-71.
  • Haughton International. (2018, 15 Ekim). Madame de Pompadour and the porcelain power of the mistress [Video]. Youtube. https://youtu.be/ApyBp-GvjyA (10.06.2023).
  • Holt, S. (2016, 24 Ekim). Harvard’s glass flowers. Photobotanic Garden Library of Saxon Holt. https://photobotanic.com/living-book-library/plants-celebrated/harvards-glass-flowers/ (21.01.2023).
  • Lechevallier-Chevignard, G. (1908). La manufacture de porcelaine de Sèvres histoire de la manufacture 1738-1876. H.Laurens.
  • Martin, M. (2018, 21 Aralık). Fragile identities: eighteenth-century British portraits in porcelain. Art Journal of the National Gallery of Victoria (56). https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/essay/fragile-identities-eighteenth-century-british-portraits-in-porcelain/ (12.06.2023).
  • Mitchell, W. J. T. (1996). What do pictures “really” want? October, 77, 71-82. https://doi.org/10.2307/778960
  • Museo della Frutta. (2009). Il Museo. Comune di Torino http://www.museodellafrutta.it/ (17.01.2023).
  • Merriam-Webster. (t.y.). Encaustic. Merriam-Webster.com dictionary içinde https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/encaustic (4.06.2023).
  • Merriam-Webster. (t.y.). Pomology. Merriam-Webster.com dictionary içinde https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pomology (4.06.2023).
  • Moss, S. (2018). Cultivating curiosities: Plants as collections in the eighteenth century [Doktora tezi, University of York]. https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/24026
  • Peachey, E. (1851). Peachey’s royal guide to wax flower modeling. Mrs. Peachey.
  • Pliny. (1961). Natural history. Books 33-35 (H. Rackham, Çev.). Harvard University Press.
  • Rossi-Wilcox, S. M. (2015). A brief history of Harvard’s glass flowers collection and its development. Journal of Glass Studies, 57, 197-211. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24726956
  • Sassoon, A. (t.y.). A soft-paste Vincennes porcelain flower, 1750s. Adrian Sassoon https://www.adriansassoon.com/antique/a-soft-paste-vincennes-porcelain-flower-1750s (17.01.2023).
  • Shiner, L. (2001). Sanatın icadı: Bir kültür tarihi (7. Baskı) (İ. Türkmen, Çev.). Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Shteir, A. B. (2007). “Fac-Similes of Nature”: Victorian Wax Flower Modelling. Victorian Literature and Culture, 35(2), 649-661.
  • Şiray, M. (2014). Aristoteles’in poetika adlı eserinde mimesis kavramının sınırları üzerine bir soruşturma: taklit mi, temsil mi? Cogito, (78), 361-371.
  • Tek, Ö. (2008). Bilimin camda şekillenmesi: Blaschka modelleri. Bilim ve Teknik, (488) 84-89.
  • Traverso, V. (2019, 30 Ağustos). When royalty, scientists and gardeners all wanted fake fruit. Atlas Obscura https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/fake-fruit-history (10.06.2023).
  • Tunalı, İ. (2003). Estetik (7. Baskı). Cem Yayınevi.
  • Wiley, F. B. (1897). Flowers that never fade: An account of the Ware collection of Blaschka glass models in the Harvard University Museum. Bradlee Whidden.
  • Whitney, E. (1990). Paradise Restored. The Mechanical Arts from Antiquity through the Thirteenth Century. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 80(1), 1-169. https://doi.org/10.2307/1006521
  • Van Giffen, N. A. R., Eremin, K. & Drier, T.O. (2015). Imitating nature: The materials and preservation needs of the Blaschka glass models. Journal of Glass Studies, 57, 213-224. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24726957
  • Vitek, A. (2022, 3 Ekim). The Sèvres manufacture: 280 years and an intact expertise. Culture-Vous. https://culturezvous.com/en/visit-sevres-manufacture/ (12.06.2023).
  • Yılmaz, M. (2013). Modernden postmoderne sanat. Ütopya Yayınevi.

Mimesis in Plant Representations: The Vincennes/Sèvres, Valletti and Blaschka Collections

Year 2023, , 244 - 259, 01.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.58850/bodrum.1276475

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the concept of mimesis through the analysis of plant representations in three collections produced with different materials (porcelain, wax and glass). This study focuses on plant representations in the Vincennes/Sèvres collection from the mid-18th century and the Valletti and Blaschka collections from the 19th century. The scope of the study aims to examine the similarities and differences between these representations and to understand how they reflect the history, science and art of their time. The three representations were chosen because they emerged under common historical conditions and share similarities in terms of their attempt to replicate reality. The methodology of the study is qualitative, based on a literature review and document analysis. Considering that until the 18th century, the concepts of art and craft did not yet have a clear distinction, the design process of these representations is examined historically and interpreted in relation to Plato and Aristotle's mimesis approach. As a result of the research, it is concluded that the primary goal of the craftsman/artist is to recognize the forms in nature and to reflect the reality of these forms to the field of art/craft with the mimesis approach.

References

  • Aristoteles. (1993). Poetika (İ. Tunalı, Çev.). Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Artun, A. (2015). Çağdaş sanatın örgütlenmesi: Estetik modernizmin tasfiyesi (3. Baskı). İletişim Yayınları.
  • Bafra, Ç., Colombo, P., Ülgen Saray, Y., & Yıldız, D. (2016). Yok olmadan: Doğa ve sürdürülebilirlik üzerine bir sergi. Mas.
  • Cowan, T. W. (1908). Wax craft-all about beeswax its history, production, adulteration, and commercial value. Sampson Low, Marston & Co, Ltd.
  • Else, G. F. (1958). “Imitation” in the fifth century. Classical Philology, 53(2), 73-90. http://www.jstor.org/stable/266651
  • Gordon, A. R. (2022, Aralık). Madame de Pompadour and Sèvres Porcelain: A review. Journal18 https://www.journal18.org/6631 (10.06.2023).
  • Hafız, M. (2015). Platon, Aristoteles ve Plotinus’ta mimesis teorisi. Journal of Islamic Research, 26(1), 45-52.
  • Harvard Museum of Natural History. (2020). The Blaschka Glass Models of Plants. Antennae: The Journal of Nature in Visual Culture, Vegetal Entanglements (51), 50-71.
  • Haughton International. (2018, 15 Ekim). Madame de Pompadour and the porcelain power of the mistress [Video]. Youtube. https://youtu.be/ApyBp-GvjyA (10.06.2023).
  • Holt, S. (2016, 24 Ekim). Harvard’s glass flowers. Photobotanic Garden Library of Saxon Holt. https://photobotanic.com/living-book-library/plants-celebrated/harvards-glass-flowers/ (21.01.2023).
  • Lechevallier-Chevignard, G. (1908). La manufacture de porcelaine de Sèvres histoire de la manufacture 1738-1876. H.Laurens.
  • Martin, M. (2018, 21 Aralık). Fragile identities: eighteenth-century British portraits in porcelain. Art Journal of the National Gallery of Victoria (56). https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/essay/fragile-identities-eighteenth-century-british-portraits-in-porcelain/ (12.06.2023).
  • Mitchell, W. J. T. (1996). What do pictures “really” want? October, 77, 71-82. https://doi.org/10.2307/778960
  • Museo della Frutta. (2009). Il Museo. Comune di Torino http://www.museodellafrutta.it/ (17.01.2023).
  • Merriam-Webster. (t.y.). Encaustic. Merriam-Webster.com dictionary içinde https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/encaustic (4.06.2023).
  • Merriam-Webster. (t.y.). Pomology. Merriam-Webster.com dictionary içinde https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pomology (4.06.2023).
  • Moss, S. (2018). Cultivating curiosities: Plants as collections in the eighteenth century [Doktora tezi, University of York]. https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/24026
  • Peachey, E. (1851). Peachey’s royal guide to wax flower modeling. Mrs. Peachey.
  • Pliny. (1961). Natural history. Books 33-35 (H. Rackham, Çev.). Harvard University Press.
  • Rossi-Wilcox, S. M. (2015). A brief history of Harvard’s glass flowers collection and its development. Journal of Glass Studies, 57, 197-211. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24726956
  • Sassoon, A. (t.y.). A soft-paste Vincennes porcelain flower, 1750s. Adrian Sassoon https://www.adriansassoon.com/antique/a-soft-paste-vincennes-porcelain-flower-1750s (17.01.2023).
  • Shiner, L. (2001). Sanatın icadı: Bir kültür tarihi (7. Baskı) (İ. Türkmen, Çev.). Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Shteir, A. B. (2007). “Fac-Similes of Nature”: Victorian Wax Flower Modelling. Victorian Literature and Culture, 35(2), 649-661.
  • Şiray, M. (2014). Aristoteles’in poetika adlı eserinde mimesis kavramının sınırları üzerine bir soruşturma: taklit mi, temsil mi? Cogito, (78), 361-371.
  • Tek, Ö. (2008). Bilimin camda şekillenmesi: Blaschka modelleri. Bilim ve Teknik, (488) 84-89.
  • Traverso, V. (2019, 30 Ağustos). When royalty, scientists and gardeners all wanted fake fruit. Atlas Obscura https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/fake-fruit-history (10.06.2023).
  • Tunalı, İ. (2003). Estetik (7. Baskı). Cem Yayınevi.
  • Wiley, F. B. (1897). Flowers that never fade: An account of the Ware collection of Blaschka glass models in the Harvard University Museum. Bradlee Whidden.
  • Whitney, E. (1990). Paradise Restored. The Mechanical Arts from Antiquity through the Thirteenth Century. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 80(1), 1-169. https://doi.org/10.2307/1006521
  • Van Giffen, N. A. R., Eremin, K. & Drier, T.O. (2015). Imitating nature: The materials and preservation needs of the Blaschka glass models. Journal of Glass Studies, 57, 213-224. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24726957
  • Vitek, A. (2022, 3 Ekim). The Sèvres manufacture: 280 years and an intact expertise. Culture-Vous. https://culturezvous.com/en/visit-sevres-manufacture/ (12.06.2023).
  • Yılmaz, M. (2013). Modernden postmoderne sanat. Ütopya Yayınevi.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Plastic Arts (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Begüm Mütevellioğlu 0000-0003-4186-3497

Publication Date August 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Mütevellioğlu, B. (2023). Bitki Temsillerinde Mimesis: Vincennes/Sèvres, Valletti ve Blaschka Koleksiyonları. Bodrum Journal of Art and Design, 2(2), 244-259. https://doi.org/10.58850/bodrum.1276475