Çay atıklarından üretilen aktif karbonla bor karbür sentezi

Abstract

Çalışma kapsamında çay atığı hem aktif karbon (AC) hem de ileri mühendislik seramiği olan bor karbür (B4C) üretmek için kullanılmıştır. Türkiye’de büyük miktarlarda oluşan çay atıkları, düşük ekonomik değere sahip olmasına rağmen biyokütle tabanlı bir hammadde kaynağı olarak önemli bir potansiyel taşımaktadır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında, çay atıkları potasyum hidroksit (KOH) ile kimyasal olarak aktive edilmiş ve 1500°C’de karbonizasyon işlemi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen AC; elementel analiz, yüzey alanı ve porozite analizi (BET, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller), Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR), termogravimetrik ve diferansiyel termal (TGA/DTA) ve X-Işını difraksiyonu (XRD) teknikleriyle karakterize edilmiş ve 1301 m2/g gibi çok yüksek bir yüzey alanı ile mikromezogözenek yapısına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada, sentezlenen AC borik asit (H3BO3) ile karbotermik indirgemeye tabi tutularak B4C sentezi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan analizler (XRD ve FT-IR), çay atığı kökenli AC kullanımıyla B4C’nin başarıyla sentezlendiğini göstermektedir. Sonuçlar, düşük maliyetli ve yerli atık kaynaklarının stratejik öneme sahip ileri mühendislik seramiklerinin üretiminde değerlendirilebileceğini göstermektedir. Böylece çalışma, yalnızca atıkların geri kazanımına katkı sunmakla kalmamakta, aynı zamanda sürdürülebilir malzeme bilimi açısından literatüre güçlü ve yenilikçi bir katkı sunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Aktif karbon
• Bor karbür
• Çay atıkları
• Kimyasal aktivasyon
• Sürdürülebilirlik.

Boron carbide synthesis using activated carbon derived from tea waste

Abstract

In this study, tea waste was used to produce both activated carbon and the advanced ceramic material boron carbide (B4C). Although Tea waste is generated in large quantities in Türkiye and has low economic value, it carries significant potential as a biomass-based raw material source. In the first stage of the study, the tea waste was chemically activated with KOH and carbonized at 1500°C. The obtained activated carbon was characterized by elemental analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and porosity analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis/Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTA), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, and it was determined to have a very high surface area of 1301 m²/g with a micro-mesoporous structure. In the second stage, the synthesized activated carbon was subjected to carbothermal reduction with boric acid, and the synthesis of B4C was achieved. The analyses (XRD and FTIR) showed that boron carbide was successfully synthesized using tea waste-derived activated carbon. The results demonstrate that low-cost and domestic waste resources can be utilized in the production of advanced engineering ceramics of strategic importance. Thus, this study not only contributes to the recovery of waste but also provides a strong and innovative contribution to the literature in terms of sustainable materials science.

Keywords

• Activated carbon
• Boron carbide
• Chemical activation
• Sustainability
• Tea waste

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