Yapay Zekâ ve Otomasyon Çağında Eşitlik ve Refah: Daron Acemoğlu’nun Görüşlerine Dayalı Bir İnceleme

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 137 - 160, 28.11.2024

Volkan Aşkun

Öz

Yapay zekâ (YZ) ve otomasyonun hızla yaygınlaşmasının iş piyasası ve genel olarak toplum üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olacağı açıktır. Bu geçiş döneminde, teknolojik ilerlemenin avantajlarının toplumdaki tüm bireyler arasında adil bir şekilde paylaşılmasını sağlamak büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, değerli ekonomist Daron Acemoğlu'nun YZ ve otomasyonun işgücü üzerindeki potansiyel etkilerine ilişkin perspektiflerini incelemektedir. Acemoğlu'na göre, YZ’nin işgücü piyasası üzerindeki etkileri, tarih boyunca teknolojik ilerlemenin sonuçlarına benzer olacaktır. Otomasyon ilerlemeye devam ettikçe, belirli işler aşamalı olarak ortadan kalkabilir, ancak yeni fırsatlar da ortaya çıkacaktır. Ek eşitsizlikleri önlemek ve toplumun her kesiminin faydalardan yararlanmasını garanti altına almak için bu dönüşüm sürecini adil bir şekilde ele almak büyük önem taşımaktadır. Acemoğlu, YZ ve otomasyonun işgücü piyasası üzerindeki potansiyel olumsuz etkilerini ele almak için çeşitli politikalar önermektedir. Bunlar arasında işçi haklarının ve korumalarının geliştirilmesi, toplu pazarlığın teşvik edilmesi, yeniden eğitim girişimlerine yatırım yapılması, etkilenen işçilere gelir desteği sunulması ve YZ ve otomasyonun etik kullanımının teşvik edilmesi yer almaktadır. Çalışmada, YZ ve otomasyonun farklı meslek grupları üzerindeki potansiyel etkileri de gösterilerek, eşitsizliklerin daha da kötüleşmesini önlemek için YZ ve otomasyonu yönetme stratejilerini tartışmaktadır. Ek olarak, hükümetlerin, işletmelerin ve sendikaların bu teknolojik gelişmelere uyum sağlamadaki rolünü incelemektedir. Son olarak, YZ ve otomasyonun gelecekteki işgücü piyasası üzerindeki potansiyel etkileri ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalışma, YZ ve otomasyonun işgücü piyasası üzerindeki potansiyel etkilerini değerlendirmek ve bu dönüştürücü süreci yönlendirmek için en etkili stratejileri belirlemek için değerli bir kaynak olarak kabul edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yapay Zekâ, Otomasyon, İstihdam. Eşitsizlik, Refah

Equality and Prosperity in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and Automation: A Review Based on Daron Acemoğlu's Views

Öz

It is clear that the rapid spread of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation will have a significant impact on the labor market and society in general. In this transition period, it is crucial to ensure that the benefits of technological progress are shared fairly among all individuals in society. This paper examines the perspectives of esteemed economist Daron Acemoglu on the potential impacts of AI and automation on labor. According to Acemoglu, the effects of AI on the labor market will be similar to the consequences of technological progress throughout history. As automation continues to advance, certain jobs may be phased out, but new opportunities will also emerge. It is crucial to handle this transformation process fairly to avoid additional inequalities and guarantee that all segments of society reap the benefits. Acemoglu suggests several policies to address the potential negative impacts of AI and automation on the labor market. These include improving worker rights and protections, promoting collective bargaining, investing in retraining initiatives, offering income support to affected workers, and promoting the ethical use of AI and automation. The paper discusses strategies for managing AI and automation to prevent inequalities from worsening, also illustrating the potential impacts of AI and automation on different occupational groups. In addition, it examines the role of governments, businesses and trade unions in adapting to these technological developments. Finally, it considers the potential impacts of AI and automation on the future labor market. This study is considered a valuable resource for assessing the potential impacts of AI and automation on the labor market and identifying the most effective strategies to drive this transformative process.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Artificial Intelligence, Automation, Employment. Inequality, Welfare

Kaynakça

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