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Türkiye-İran İlişkileri Tahlillerine Kuramsal ve Yöntemsel Bir Yaklaşım

Year 2014, Volume: 6 Issue: 11, 15 - 28, 01.12.2014

Abstract

Turkey and Iran are two important and ancient actors of the politics of the modern Middle East. Despite of this, it is a problem in social science that there is not sufficient methodological and theoretical approaches to account for foreign policy behaviors of Turkey and Iran, two countries that can be characterized as middle or small scale power. For this reason, the article aims at drawing a theoretical and conceptual framework for Turkish-Iranian relations. With regard to conceptual framework, the article examines biletaral relations in three eras: friendly, hostile and detente. The article also discusses detente era as two distinct periods: Era that is open for cooperation and era that is characterized by regional power struggle. 

References

  • Allouche, A. The Origins and Development of the Ottoman-Safavid Conflict (906- 962/1500-1555), Dept. of Languages, University of Utah, 1980
  • Altsoy, I. Kendi Dilinden Hizbullah ve Mücadele Tarihinden Önemli Kesitler, 2006
  • Aras, B. and G. Bacık. “The Mystery of Turkish Hizballah.” Middle East Policy 9(2): 147-160, 2002
  • Arı, T. Basra Körfezi ve Ortadoğu’ da Güç Dengesi, 1978-1996, İstanbul, Alfa Yayınları, 1996
  • Askari, H. ve R. Taghavi. “Iran’s Financial Stake in Caspian Oil.” British Jour- nal of Middle Eastern Studies 33(1): 1-18. 2006
  • Ataöv, Türkkaya. “Turkey and Iran towards the First World War”. Milletlerarası Münasebetler Türk Yıllığı, 25: 149-166, 1995
  • Avery, P. “Nadir Shah and the Afsharid Legacy.” Cambridge History of Iran 7. Babak, G. Iran and Israel: Asymmetric Warfare and Regional Strategy, Defen- ce Academy of the United Kingdom, 2006
  • Balbay, M. İran Raporu, İstanbul, Cumhuriyet Kitapları, 2006
  • Barkey, H. Reluctant Neighbor. Turkey’s Role in the Middle East. Washington DCISIP Press. 1996
  • Başer, A. E. Ortadoğu’da Modernleşme Ve İslami Hareketler. Ankara, Hece Ya- yınları, 2004
  • Berkes, N. The Development of Secularism in Turkey, Routledge, 1998
  • Boruvali, F. “Iran and Turkey: Permanent Revolution or Islamism in One Co- untry?” içinde M. Rezun (Ed.) Iran at the Crossroads: Global Relations in a Turbulent Decade, Westview Press, 1989
  • Bölükbaşı, S. “Turkey Copes with Revolutionary Iran.” Journal of South Asian and Middle East Studies: Vol. 13, 1989, p.94-109.
  • Bölükbaşı, S. Türkiye ve Yakınındaki Orta Doğu, Ankara, Ankara: Dış Politika Enstitüsü, 1992
  • Cagaptay, S. Islam, Secularism, and Nationalism in Modern Turkey: Who is a Turk?, Routledge, 2006
  • Çakır, R. Derin Hizbullah, İstanbul, Siyahbeyaz, Metis Güncel, 2001
  • Canfield, R. Turco-Persia Historical Perspective. Cambridge, Cambridge Uni- versity Press. 1991
  • Çetinsaya, G. “From Tanzimat to the Islamic Revolution: Continuity and Chan- ge.” Turkish Review of Middle East Studies, Vol.13.pp.113-134. 2002
  • David, S. R. (1991). “Explaining Third World Alignment.” World Politics 43(2): 233-2
  • Ehteshami , A. “Iran’s Nuclear Program as an International Concern.” Orient I, 2008
  • Entessar, N. Kurdish Ethnonationalism, Lynn Rienner Publishers, 1992
  • Herzig, E. The New Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1999
  • İnalcık, H. “Turkish and Iranian Political Theories and Traditions in Kutadgu Bilig” in H. İnalcik (Ed.), The Middle East and the Balkans under the Ottoman Empire: Essays on Economy and Society, Bloomington, USA: Indiana Univer- sity Turkish Studies and Turkish Ministry of Culture Joint Series, Vol. 9, 1993, pp. 1-19
  • Kansu, A. The revolution of 1908 in Turkey, Leiden: Brill, 1997.
  • Karatay, O. İran ile Turan: Hayali Milletler Çağında Avrasya ve Ortadogu, Ka- ram Yayınları, 2003.
  • Karateke, H. “Legitimizing the Ottoman Sultanate: A Framework for Historical Analysis” in Hakan T. Karateke and Maurus Reinkowski (Eds.) Legitimizing the Order: The Ottoman Rhetoric of State Power, Boston: Brill, 2005, 13-52.
  • Karpat, K. The Politicization of Islam: Reconstructing Identity, State, Faith, and Community in the Late Ottoman State, Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Katzman, K. The Iran-Libya Sanctions Act (ILSA), CRS Report for Congress, 200 Keddie, N. and Y. Richard. Roots of Revolution: An Interpretive History of Mo- dern Iran, Yale University Press, 1981
  • Kibaroğlu, M. “Turkey’s Quest for Peaceful Nuclear Power.” The Nonprolifera- tion Review 4(3): 33-44. 1997
  • Kinnander, Elin. The Turkish-Iranian Gas Relationship: Politically Successful, Commercially Problematic. Oxford: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2010.
  • Maleki, A. “ Energy Supply and Demand in Eurasia: Cooperation between EU and Iran.” Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Silk Road Studies Program, China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, 5(4): 103-113. 2007
  • Mardin, S. Religion, Society, and Modernity in Turkey, Syracuse University Press, 1999
  • McDowall, D. A Modern History of the Kurds, IB Tauris, 2004
  • Mesbahi, M. Central Asia and the Caucasus After the Soviet Union: Domestic and International Dynamics, University Press of Florida, 1994
  • Milani, M. The Making of Iran’s Islamic Revolution: From Monarchy to Islamic Republic, Westview Press, 1988
  • Narlı, N. “The Rise of the Islamist Movement in Turkey.” Middle East Review of International Affairs 3(3). 1999.
  • Öğütçü, M. Turkey: a major regional power to engage or confront Iran. Today’s Zaman, 20 July 2007.
  • Olson, R. The Kurdish Question and Turkish-Iranian Relations: From World War I to 1998, Mazda Publishers, 1998
  • Olson, R. “The ‘Azeri’question and Turkey-Iran relations, 2000–2002.” Natio- nalism and Ethnic Politics 8(4): 61-85. 2002
  • Olson, R. Turkey-Iran Relations 1979-2004: Revolution, Ideology, War, Coups and Geopolitics, Mazda Publishers, 2004
  • Olson, R. The siege of Mosul and Ottoman-Persian Relations, 1718-1743, India- na University Press, 1975
  • Olson, R. Turkey’s Relations with Iran, Syria, Israel, and Russia, 1991-2000, Mazda Publishers. 2001
  • Özcan, Nihat Ali, and Özgür Özdamar. “Uneasy Neighbors: Turkish-Iranian Relations Since the 1979 Islamic R evolution”. Middle East Policy. 17 (3): 101- 2010.
  • Özdağ, U. Türk Ordusunun PKK Operasyonları, İstanbul: Pegasus Yayınları, 2007
  • Quilliam, N. Syria and the New World Order, Garnet & Ithaca Press., 1999
  • Ramazani, R. The Persian Gulf: Iran’s Role, University Press of Virginia, 1972
  • Ramazani, R. K. Iran’s Foreign Policy 1941-1974: A Study of Foreign Policy in
  • Modernizing Nations, Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1975
  • Rashid, A. Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia, Yale University Press, 2000
  • Sinkaya, B. “Turkey Iran Relations in 1990s and the Role of Ideology.” Percep- tions Journal of International Affairs, x(1), 2005
  • Stansfield, G. Iraqi Kurdistan: Political Development and Emergent Democ- racy, Routledge, 2003
  • Taşpınar, O. Kemalist Identity in Transition: A Case Study of Kurdish Nationa- lism and Political Islam in Turkey, Johns Hopkins University, 2001
  • Tezcür Güneş Murat. “Iran’s Presidential Election:The Failure of Managed Fun- tionalism”. Insight Turkey.Vol.11, 2009, pp.13-22
  • Tschanguiz, H. P. “Turkey Iran Relations An Iranian View”, in H. Barkey, (Ed.) Reluctant Neighbor. Turkey’s Role in the Middle East. Washington DCISIP Press. 1996
  • Tucker, S. E. Nadir Shah’s Quest for legitimacy in Post-Safavid Iran, University Press of Florida, 2006.
  • Turgut, T. İran Hatıraları. Istanbul: Boğaziçi Yayınları, 1998.
  • Turgut, T. “The Future of Turkish Iranian Relations”, Turkish Review of Middle East Studies, Vol.10, 1998, pp.135-142
  • Turner, C. The Rise of Twelver Shi’ite Externalism in Safavid Iran and Its Con- solidation Under’Allama Muhammad Baqir Majlisi (1037/1627-1110/1699),
  • University of Durham. 1989
  • Van Bruinessen, M. Agha, Shaikh, and State: The Social and Political Structures of Kurdistan, Zed Books Ltd., 1992
  • Vaner, Semih. Modernisation autoritaire en Turquie et en Iran, Paris: Ed. L’Harmattan, 1991
  • Vasiliev, A. “Turkey and Iran in Transcaucasia and Central Asia” in A. Ehtesha- mi (Ed.) From the Gulf to Central Asia, London, Exeter: Universtiy of Exeter Press, 1994
  • Vaziri, M. Iran as Imagined Nation: The Construction of National Identity, Para- gon House, 1993
  • Winrow, G. “Azerbaijan and Iran”, in Alvin Z. Rubinstein and Oles M. Smo- lansky (Eds.) Regional Power Rivalries in the New Eurasia: Russia, Turkey, and Iran, M.E Sharpe Inc. 1995
  • Yavuz, M. H. Islamic Political Identity in Turkey, Oxford University Press, 2003
  • Yılmaz, T. Türkiye’nin Orta Doğu’daki Sınır Komşuları ile İlişkileri, 1970- 19 Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Ens- titüsü, 1997
  • Zengin, B. İslam Yolunda Savaş. Ankara:Iran İslam Cumhuriyeti Kültür Merkezi Yayınları, 1988.

Türkiye-İran İlişkileri Tahlillerine Kuramsal ve Yöntemsel Bir Yaklaşım

Year 2014, Volume: 6 Issue: 11, 15 - 28, 01.12.2014

Abstract

Günümüz Orta Doğu’sunda Türkiye ve İran bölge siyasetinin iki önemli ve kadim aktörüdür. Buna rağmen orta ya da küçük ölçekli güç kategorisindeki devlet olarak nitelendirilebilecek Türkiye ve İran’ın dış politika davranışlarını açıklayan metodolojik ve kuramsal yaklaşımların olmaması önemli bir sorundur. Bu gerekçeyle, makale Türkiye-İran ilişkilerine dair kuramsal ve kavramsal bir çerçeve çizmeyi hedeflemektedir. Kavramsal çerçeve olarak ikili ilişkileri üç döneme ayırmaktadır. Bunlar dostâne, hasmâne ve yumuşama dönemleridir. Yumuşama dönemi de kendi içinde iki kısma ayrılmaktadır: İşbirliğine açık olan ilişkiler dönemi ve savaşın muhal olduğu bölgesel güç mücadelesine dayalı ikili ilişkiler dönemleri.

References

  • Allouche, A. The Origins and Development of the Ottoman-Safavid Conflict (906- 962/1500-1555), Dept. of Languages, University of Utah, 1980
  • Altsoy, I. Kendi Dilinden Hizbullah ve Mücadele Tarihinden Önemli Kesitler, 2006
  • Aras, B. and G. Bacık. “The Mystery of Turkish Hizballah.” Middle East Policy 9(2): 147-160, 2002
  • Arı, T. Basra Körfezi ve Ortadoğu’ da Güç Dengesi, 1978-1996, İstanbul, Alfa Yayınları, 1996
  • Askari, H. ve R. Taghavi. “Iran’s Financial Stake in Caspian Oil.” British Jour- nal of Middle Eastern Studies 33(1): 1-18. 2006
  • Ataöv, Türkkaya. “Turkey and Iran towards the First World War”. Milletlerarası Münasebetler Türk Yıllığı, 25: 149-166, 1995
  • Avery, P. “Nadir Shah and the Afsharid Legacy.” Cambridge History of Iran 7. Babak, G. Iran and Israel: Asymmetric Warfare and Regional Strategy, Defen- ce Academy of the United Kingdom, 2006
  • Balbay, M. İran Raporu, İstanbul, Cumhuriyet Kitapları, 2006
  • Barkey, H. Reluctant Neighbor. Turkey’s Role in the Middle East. Washington DCISIP Press. 1996
  • Başer, A. E. Ortadoğu’da Modernleşme Ve İslami Hareketler. Ankara, Hece Ya- yınları, 2004
  • Berkes, N. The Development of Secularism in Turkey, Routledge, 1998
  • Boruvali, F. “Iran and Turkey: Permanent Revolution or Islamism in One Co- untry?” içinde M. Rezun (Ed.) Iran at the Crossroads: Global Relations in a Turbulent Decade, Westview Press, 1989
  • Bölükbaşı, S. “Turkey Copes with Revolutionary Iran.” Journal of South Asian and Middle East Studies: Vol. 13, 1989, p.94-109.
  • Bölükbaşı, S. Türkiye ve Yakınındaki Orta Doğu, Ankara, Ankara: Dış Politika Enstitüsü, 1992
  • Cagaptay, S. Islam, Secularism, and Nationalism in Modern Turkey: Who is a Turk?, Routledge, 2006
  • Çakır, R. Derin Hizbullah, İstanbul, Siyahbeyaz, Metis Güncel, 2001
  • Canfield, R. Turco-Persia Historical Perspective. Cambridge, Cambridge Uni- versity Press. 1991
  • Çetinsaya, G. “From Tanzimat to the Islamic Revolution: Continuity and Chan- ge.” Turkish Review of Middle East Studies, Vol.13.pp.113-134. 2002
  • David, S. R. (1991). “Explaining Third World Alignment.” World Politics 43(2): 233-2
  • Ehteshami , A. “Iran’s Nuclear Program as an International Concern.” Orient I, 2008
  • Entessar, N. Kurdish Ethnonationalism, Lynn Rienner Publishers, 1992
  • Herzig, E. The New Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1999
  • İnalcık, H. “Turkish and Iranian Political Theories and Traditions in Kutadgu Bilig” in H. İnalcik (Ed.), The Middle East and the Balkans under the Ottoman Empire: Essays on Economy and Society, Bloomington, USA: Indiana Univer- sity Turkish Studies and Turkish Ministry of Culture Joint Series, Vol. 9, 1993, pp. 1-19
  • Kansu, A. The revolution of 1908 in Turkey, Leiden: Brill, 1997.
  • Karatay, O. İran ile Turan: Hayali Milletler Çağında Avrasya ve Ortadogu, Ka- ram Yayınları, 2003.
  • Karateke, H. “Legitimizing the Ottoman Sultanate: A Framework for Historical Analysis” in Hakan T. Karateke and Maurus Reinkowski (Eds.) Legitimizing the Order: The Ottoman Rhetoric of State Power, Boston: Brill, 2005, 13-52.
  • Karpat, K. The Politicization of Islam: Reconstructing Identity, State, Faith, and Community in the Late Ottoman State, Oxford University Press, 2001.
  • Katzman, K. The Iran-Libya Sanctions Act (ILSA), CRS Report for Congress, 200 Keddie, N. and Y. Richard. Roots of Revolution: An Interpretive History of Mo- dern Iran, Yale University Press, 1981
  • Kibaroğlu, M. “Turkey’s Quest for Peaceful Nuclear Power.” The Nonprolifera- tion Review 4(3): 33-44. 1997
  • Kinnander, Elin. The Turkish-Iranian Gas Relationship: Politically Successful, Commercially Problematic. Oxford: Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, 2010.
  • Maleki, A. “ Energy Supply and Demand in Eurasia: Cooperation between EU and Iran.” Central Asia-Caucasus Institute Silk Road Studies Program, China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly, 5(4): 103-113. 2007
  • Mardin, S. Religion, Society, and Modernity in Turkey, Syracuse University Press, 1999
  • McDowall, D. A Modern History of the Kurds, IB Tauris, 2004
  • Mesbahi, M. Central Asia and the Caucasus After the Soviet Union: Domestic and International Dynamics, University Press of Florida, 1994
  • Milani, M. The Making of Iran’s Islamic Revolution: From Monarchy to Islamic Republic, Westview Press, 1988
  • Narlı, N. “The Rise of the Islamist Movement in Turkey.” Middle East Review of International Affairs 3(3). 1999.
  • Öğütçü, M. Turkey: a major regional power to engage or confront Iran. Today’s Zaman, 20 July 2007.
  • Olson, R. The Kurdish Question and Turkish-Iranian Relations: From World War I to 1998, Mazda Publishers, 1998
  • Olson, R. “The ‘Azeri’question and Turkey-Iran relations, 2000–2002.” Natio- nalism and Ethnic Politics 8(4): 61-85. 2002
  • Olson, R. Turkey-Iran Relations 1979-2004: Revolution, Ideology, War, Coups and Geopolitics, Mazda Publishers, 2004
  • Olson, R. The siege of Mosul and Ottoman-Persian Relations, 1718-1743, India- na University Press, 1975
  • Olson, R. Turkey’s Relations with Iran, Syria, Israel, and Russia, 1991-2000, Mazda Publishers. 2001
  • Özcan, Nihat Ali, and Özgür Özdamar. “Uneasy Neighbors: Turkish-Iranian Relations Since the 1979 Islamic R evolution”. Middle East Policy. 17 (3): 101- 2010.
  • Özdağ, U. Türk Ordusunun PKK Operasyonları, İstanbul: Pegasus Yayınları, 2007
  • Quilliam, N. Syria and the New World Order, Garnet & Ithaca Press., 1999
  • Ramazani, R. The Persian Gulf: Iran’s Role, University Press of Virginia, 1972
  • Ramazani, R. K. Iran’s Foreign Policy 1941-1974: A Study of Foreign Policy in
  • Modernizing Nations, Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1975
  • Rashid, A. Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia, Yale University Press, 2000
  • Sinkaya, B. “Turkey Iran Relations in 1990s and the Role of Ideology.” Percep- tions Journal of International Affairs, x(1), 2005
  • Stansfield, G. Iraqi Kurdistan: Political Development and Emergent Democ- racy, Routledge, 2003
  • Taşpınar, O. Kemalist Identity in Transition: A Case Study of Kurdish Nationa- lism and Political Islam in Turkey, Johns Hopkins University, 2001
  • Tezcür Güneş Murat. “Iran’s Presidential Election:The Failure of Managed Fun- tionalism”. Insight Turkey.Vol.11, 2009, pp.13-22
  • Tschanguiz, H. P. “Turkey Iran Relations An Iranian View”, in H. Barkey, (Ed.) Reluctant Neighbor. Turkey’s Role in the Middle East. Washington DCISIP Press. 1996
  • Tucker, S. E. Nadir Shah’s Quest for legitimacy in Post-Safavid Iran, University Press of Florida, 2006.
  • Turgut, T. İran Hatıraları. Istanbul: Boğaziçi Yayınları, 1998.
  • Turgut, T. “The Future of Turkish Iranian Relations”, Turkish Review of Middle East Studies, Vol.10, 1998, pp.135-142
  • Turner, C. The Rise of Twelver Shi’ite Externalism in Safavid Iran and Its Con- solidation Under’Allama Muhammad Baqir Majlisi (1037/1627-1110/1699),
  • University of Durham. 1989
  • Van Bruinessen, M. Agha, Shaikh, and State: The Social and Political Structures of Kurdistan, Zed Books Ltd., 1992
  • Vaner, Semih. Modernisation autoritaire en Turquie et en Iran, Paris: Ed. L’Harmattan, 1991
  • Vasiliev, A. “Turkey and Iran in Transcaucasia and Central Asia” in A. Ehtesha- mi (Ed.) From the Gulf to Central Asia, London, Exeter: Universtiy of Exeter Press, 1994
  • Vaziri, M. Iran as Imagined Nation: The Construction of National Identity, Para- gon House, 1993
  • Winrow, G. “Azerbaijan and Iran”, in Alvin Z. Rubinstein and Oles M. Smo- lansky (Eds.) Regional Power Rivalries in the New Eurasia: Russia, Turkey, and Iran, M.E Sharpe Inc. 1995
  • Yavuz, M. H. Islamic Political Identity in Turkey, Oxford University Press, 2003
  • Yılmaz, T. Türkiye’nin Orta Doğu’daki Sınır Komşuları ile İlişkileri, 1970- 19 Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, Ankara Gazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Ens- titüsü, 1997
  • Zengin, B. İslam Yolunda Savaş. Ankara:Iran İslam Cumhuriyeti Kültür Merkezi Yayınları, 1988.
There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Süleyman Elik This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2014
Submission Date November 21, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 6 Issue: 11

Cite

APA Elik, S. (2014). Türkiye-İran İlişkileri Tahlillerine Kuramsal ve Yöntemsel Bir Yaklaşım. Bilge Strateji, 6(11), 15-28.