Responses of Two Soybean Cultivars on Growth and Development in Two Different Light Intensities

Year 2020, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 17 - 24, 01.01.2020

Achmad Yozar Perkasa

Abstract

Soybean is an important economic plant that prefers full sunlight and performs poor under shaded conditions that affect the reproductive phase of some soybean cultivars. The study aimed to find the interaction of soybean cultivars by comparing morphological, anatomical and physiological characters of two soybean cultivars on acidic soils under shaded and non-shaded conditions under West Java rainforest conditions to select against shade tolerance. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design with two factors and used three replications. The main factor was the intensity of light (without and with 55% shading). The subfactor was soybean cultivars (Godek and Ceneng). The results showed positive effects of 55% shading on yield and yield components compared to those plants grown without shading. The 55% shaded plants had good growth with a large number of branches, leaf area index, leaf length, leaf width, and highest water content while non-shaded plants failed to grow properly with lower flowering, ratio of chlorophyll a/b, the number of root nodules and the sugar contents. The shaded plants also had the highest number of pods and pod weights after 8 weeks after sowing (WAS). It is concluded that high acidic Ultisol soil type can be managed to produce economic yields of soybean at pH of 4.8 which is below the recommended soil acidity under low shading conditions.

Keywords

Soybean, Cultivars, Development, Growth, Light intensity

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