Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Heterosis and Diallel Analysis of Yield and Yield Components of Bread Wheat F1 Generation

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 363 - 376, 15.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1479163

Abstract

In this study, half-diallel crosses were performed using six wheat genotypes (Adana-99, Flamura-85, Masaccio, Lucilla, 1635 and 2115). This research was conducted in Kahramanmaras ecological conditions during the 2019-2020 growing season in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Heading date (HD), grain filling period (GFP), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PH), spike length (SL), grain number per spike (GNS), grain weight per spike (GWS), thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain yield per plant (GY), and chlorophyll content of flag leaf (SPAD value) traits were investigated on F1 plants and parents. When the mean values of parents and F1 generations were examined, F1 mean values were higher than the mean values of parents in heading date (134.06 days), days to maturity (164.04 days), spike length (13.31 cm), grain number per spike (51.64 units), grain weight per spike (2.11 g), thousand-grain weight (36.58 g), grain yield per plant (35.99 g), and chlorophyll content of flag leaf (49.60 SPAD), while lower in grain filling period (41.77 days) and plant height (88.80 cm). According to diallel analyses, it was found that HD, DM, GFP, PH, GWS, and SPAD traits had additive and dominant gene effects, while SL, GNS, TKW, and GY traits had significant dominant gene effects. Partial dominance was observed for HD, DM, PH, GWS, GY, and SPAD traits, while superior dominance was observed for GFP, SL, GNS, and TKW traits. The effects of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all the traits studied. Positive average heterosis and heterobeltiosis values were determined for GNS, GWS, TKW, and GY traits. In terms of grain yield per plant, the genotypes Adana-99, Lucilla, and Masaccio were identified as potential parents for breeding programs. Combinations of 1635 × 2115, Masaccio × Lucilla, Adana-99 × Lucilla, Adana-99 × Masaccio, Adana-99 × 1635, and Flamura-85 × Lucilla were identified as promising hybrids for grain yield.

Supporting Institution

Scientific Research Fund of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University

Project Number

2017/1-67 D

Thanks

The authors are grateful for the support provided by the Scientific Research Fund of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University.

References

  • Akgun N, Topal A. 2002. Diallel Analysis of Yield Traits in Some Durum Wheat (T. durum Desf.) Crosses. Selcuk J Agri Food Sci, 16(30): 70-80.
  • Akram Z, Ajmal S U, Munir M, Shabir G. 2008. Genetic determination of yield related attributes in bread wheat. Sarhad J Agric, 24(3): 431-438.
  • Akram Z, Ajmal S, Khan SK, Qureshi R, Zubair M. 2011. Combining ability estimatis of some yield and quality related traits in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pak J Bot, 43(1): 221-231.
  • Aksel R, Johnson LPV. 1963. Analysis of diallel cross. A worked example. Adv Front Plant Sci, 2: 37-53.
  • Balci A, Turgut I. 2002. Research on Combining Ability in Some Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum var. aestivum) Varieties and Lines. J Agri Fac Bursa Uludag Univ, 16(1): 225-234.
  • Bao Y, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Li X, Wang L, Wang H. 2009. Heterosis and combining ability for major yield traits of a new wheat germplasm shannong 0095 derived from Thinopyrum intermedium. Agric Sci China, 8(6): 753-760.
  • Bayhan M, Ozkan R, Akinci, C, Yildirim M. 2023. Testing of Some Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Hybrids by heterosis analysisJ Inst Sci Technol, 13(3): 2239-2250.
  • Borghi B, Perenzin M. 1994. Dilallel analysis to predict heterosis and combining ability for grain yield, yield components and bread-making quality in bread wheat (T. aestivum). Theor Appl Genet, 89: 975-981.
  • Celik V. 2016. Determination of heterosis and combining abilities of 6x6 half diallel durum wheat hybrids. MSc thesis, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kahramanmaras, Türkiye, pp: 85.
  • Chang MS, Smith JD. 1967. Diallel analysis of inheritance of quantitative characters in grain sorghum. I. heterosis and inbreding depression. Can J Genet Cytol, 9: 44-51.
  • Dumlupinar Z, Karakuzulu H, Demirtas MB, Ugurer M, Gezginc H, Dokuyucu T, Akkaya A. 2015. A heterosis study for some agronomic traits in oat. J Agri Sci, 21(3): 414-419.
  • Falconer DS. 1980. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. Oliver and Boyd Ltd. London, UK.
  • Fonseca SM, Patterson FL. 1968. Hybrid vigor in a seven parent diallel cross in common winter wheat (T. aestivum L.). Crop Sci, 8(1): 85-88.
  • Griffing B. 1956. Concept of general and specific combining ability in relation to diallel crossing systems. Australian J Biol Sci, 9: 463-493.
  • Hammad G, Kashif M, Munavar M, Ijaz U, Raza M. 2013. Genetic analysis of quantitative yield related traits in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). American-Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci, 13(9): 1239-1245.
  • Hassan G, Mohammad F, Afridi SS, Khalil I. 2007. Combining ability in the f1 generations of diallel cross for yield and yield components in wheat. Sarhad J Agric, 23(4): 936-942.
  • Hayman BI. 1954a. The Analysis of variance of diallel tables. Biometrics, 10: 234-244.
  • Hayman BI. 1954b. The Theory and analysis of diallel crosses. Genetics, 39: 789-809.
  • Hayman BI.1958. The theory and analysis of diallel crosses II. Genetics, 43: 63-85.
  • Jinks JL, Hayman BI. 1953. The analysis of diallel crosses. Maize Genet Coop News Letter, 27: 48-54.
  • Jinks JL. 1954. The analysis of continous variation in a diallel cross of Nicotina rustica varieties. Genetics, 39: 767-788
  • Jones RM. 1965. Analaysis of variance of the half diallel table. Heredity, 20: 117-12.
  • Kalayci M. 2005. Using jump with examples and variance analysis models for agricultural research. Anadolu Agricultural Research Institute Directorate Publications, No: 21. Eskisehir, Türkiye.
  • Khan AA, Iqbal M, Ali Z, Athar M. 2010. Diallelic analysis of quantitative traits in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Biosyst, 144(2): 373-380.
  • Knott DR. 1965. Heterosis in seven wheat hybrids. Can J Plant Sci, 45:499-501.
  • Kutlu I, Bilgen O, Balkan A. 2015. Analysis of population differences and inheritance of some spike characteristics in bread wheat. KSU J Nat Sci, 118(4): 40-47.
  • Kutlu I. 2012. Determination of inheritance of agronomic and quality characters by diallel analysis in wheat. PhD Thesis, Eskisehir Osmangazi Univesity, Institute of Science and Technology, Eskisehir, Türkiye, pp: 257.
  • Mann MS, Sharma SN. 1995. Combining ability in the F1 and F2 generations of diallel cross in macoroni wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Indian J Genet Plant Breed, 55(2): 160-165.
  • Nazeer AW, Safer-ul-Hassan M, Akram Z. 2004. Genetic architecture of some agronomic traits in diallel cross of bread wheat. Pakistan J Biol Sci, 7(8): 1340-1342.
  • Nazeer W, Farooq J, Tauseef M, Ahmed S, Khan MA, Mahmood K, Hussain A, Iqbal M, Nasrullah HM. 2011. Diallel analysis to study the genetic makeup of spike and yield contributing traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). African J Biotechnol, 10(63): 13735-13743.
  • Ozcan K. 1999. A Statistical packet program for population genetics. PhD Thesis, Ege University, Institute of Science and Technology, Izmir, Türlkiye, pp: 130.
  • Poehlman MJ, Sleeper DA. 1995. Breeding hybrid cultivars. Breeding Field Crops, 1995: 200-215.
  • Ronga G, Ninno M, Fanzo N, De-Ninno M, Di-Fonzo N. 1995. Combining ability as a criterian for the choice of parents for pedigree selection programs in durum wheat. Agri Mediterrane, 125(4): 387-394.
  • Sener O, Kılınc M, Yagbasanlar T. 2000. Estimation of inheritance of some agronomical characters in common wheat by diallel cross analysis. Turk J Agric Forest, 24(1): 121-127.
  • Sener O. 1997. Studies on the determination of inheritance of some agronomical characteristics by using the method of analysis of diallel crosses in common wheat. PhD Thesis, Cukurova University, Institute of Science and Technology, Adana, Türkiye, pp: 174.
  • Sharma Y, Sharma SN, Joshi P, Sain RS. 2002. Combining ability analysis for yield and yield contributing characters in six-rowed barley. Sabrao J Breed Genet, 34(2): 55-63.
  • Toklu F, Yagbasanlar T. 2005. A research on the inheritance of plant height, earing time, flag leaf area and grain weight in breaded wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Türkiye VI. Field Crops Congress, September 5-9, Antalya, Türkiye, Volume II, pp: 689-694.
  • Tosun M, Demir D, Yuce S, Sever C, Gurel A. 1995. Line x Tester analysis on some wheat hybrids. Anadolu J AARI, 5(2): 52-63.
  • Tulukcu E. 2004. Identification of ebeveyn and hybrids with inheritance of yield and yield components of bread wheats on soil with low boron concentration using diallel methods. PhD Thesis, Selcuk University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Konya, Türkiye, pp: 156.
  • Yagdi K, Karan S. 2000. Hybrid vigor in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turk J Agric Forest, 24: 231–236.
  • Yildirim M, Akinci C, Koc M, Barutcular C. 2009. Applicability of canopy temperature depression and chlorophyl content in durum wheat breeding. Anadolu J Agri Sci, 24(3): 158-166.
  • Yildirim M, Gezgin H, Paksoy AH. 2014. Combining ability in a 7x7 half dialllel cross for plant heigth, yield and yield components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Turk J Agri Nat Sci, 1(3): 145-151.
  • Yildirim M. 2005. A Study on heredity of some agronomical, physiological and quality characteristics in diallel F1 offspring of selected six bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. PhD Thesis, Cukurova University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana, Türkiye, pp: 314.
  • Yildirim, MB, Cakir S. 1986. Line x tester analysis. E U J Comput Res App Cent, 9(1): 11-19.
Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 363 - 376, 15.07.2024
https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1479163

Abstract

Project Number

2017/1-67 D

References

  • Akgun N, Topal A. 2002. Diallel Analysis of Yield Traits in Some Durum Wheat (T. durum Desf.) Crosses. Selcuk J Agri Food Sci, 16(30): 70-80.
  • Akram Z, Ajmal S U, Munir M, Shabir G. 2008. Genetic determination of yield related attributes in bread wheat. Sarhad J Agric, 24(3): 431-438.
  • Akram Z, Ajmal S, Khan SK, Qureshi R, Zubair M. 2011. Combining ability estimatis of some yield and quality related traits in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pak J Bot, 43(1): 221-231.
  • Aksel R, Johnson LPV. 1963. Analysis of diallel cross. A worked example. Adv Front Plant Sci, 2: 37-53.
  • Balci A, Turgut I. 2002. Research on Combining Ability in Some Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum var. aestivum) Varieties and Lines. J Agri Fac Bursa Uludag Univ, 16(1): 225-234.
  • Bao Y, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Li X, Wang L, Wang H. 2009. Heterosis and combining ability for major yield traits of a new wheat germplasm shannong 0095 derived from Thinopyrum intermedium. Agric Sci China, 8(6): 753-760.
  • Bayhan M, Ozkan R, Akinci, C, Yildirim M. 2023. Testing of Some Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Hybrids by heterosis analysisJ Inst Sci Technol, 13(3): 2239-2250.
  • Borghi B, Perenzin M. 1994. Dilallel analysis to predict heterosis and combining ability for grain yield, yield components and bread-making quality in bread wheat (T. aestivum). Theor Appl Genet, 89: 975-981.
  • Celik V. 2016. Determination of heterosis and combining abilities of 6x6 half diallel durum wheat hybrids. MSc thesis, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kahramanmaras, Türkiye, pp: 85.
  • Chang MS, Smith JD. 1967. Diallel analysis of inheritance of quantitative characters in grain sorghum. I. heterosis and inbreding depression. Can J Genet Cytol, 9: 44-51.
  • Dumlupinar Z, Karakuzulu H, Demirtas MB, Ugurer M, Gezginc H, Dokuyucu T, Akkaya A. 2015. A heterosis study for some agronomic traits in oat. J Agri Sci, 21(3): 414-419.
  • Falconer DS. 1980. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. Oliver and Boyd Ltd. London, UK.
  • Fonseca SM, Patterson FL. 1968. Hybrid vigor in a seven parent diallel cross in common winter wheat (T. aestivum L.). Crop Sci, 8(1): 85-88.
  • Griffing B. 1956. Concept of general and specific combining ability in relation to diallel crossing systems. Australian J Biol Sci, 9: 463-493.
  • Hammad G, Kashif M, Munavar M, Ijaz U, Raza M. 2013. Genetic analysis of quantitative yield related traits in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). American-Eurasian J Agric Environ Sci, 13(9): 1239-1245.
  • Hassan G, Mohammad F, Afridi SS, Khalil I. 2007. Combining ability in the f1 generations of diallel cross for yield and yield components in wheat. Sarhad J Agric, 23(4): 936-942.
  • Hayman BI. 1954a. The Analysis of variance of diallel tables. Biometrics, 10: 234-244.
  • Hayman BI. 1954b. The Theory and analysis of diallel crosses. Genetics, 39: 789-809.
  • Hayman BI.1958. The theory and analysis of diallel crosses II. Genetics, 43: 63-85.
  • Jinks JL, Hayman BI. 1953. The analysis of diallel crosses. Maize Genet Coop News Letter, 27: 48-54.
  • Jinks JL. 1954. The analysis of continous variation in a diallel cross of Nicotina rustica varieties. Genetics, 39: 767-788
  • Jones RM. 1965. Analaysis of variance of the half diallel table. Heredity, 20: 117-12.
  • Kalayci M. 2005. Using jump with examples and variance analysis models for agricultural research. Anadolu Agricultural Research Institute Directorate Publications, No: 21. Eskisehir, Türkiye.
  • Khan AA, Iqbal M, Ali Z, Athar M. 2010. Diallelic analysis of quantitative traits in hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Biosyst, 144(2): 373-380.
  • Knott DR. 1965. Heterosis in seven wheat hybrids. Can J Plant Sci, 45:499-501.
  • Kutlu I, Bilgen O, Balkan A. 2015. Analysis of population differences and inheritance of some spike characteristics in bread wheat. KSU J Nat Sci, 118(4): 40-47.
  • Kutlu I. 2012. Determination of inheritance of agronomic and quality characters by diallel analysis in wheat. PhD Thesis, Eskisehir Osmangazi Univesity, Institute of Science and Technology, Eskisehir, Türkiye, pp: 257.
  • Mann MS, Sharma SN. 1995. Combining ability in the F1 and F2 generations of diallel cross in macoroni wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Indian J Genet Plant Breed, 55(2): 160-165.
  • Nazeer AW, Safer-ul-Hassan M, Akram Z. 2004. Genetic architecture of some agronomic traits in diallel cross of bread wheat. Pakistan J Biol Sci, 7(8): 1340-1342.
  • Nazeer W, Farooq J, Tauseef M, Ahmed S, Khan MA, Mahmood K, Hussain A, Iqbal M, Nasrullah HM. 2011. Diallel analysis to study the genetic makeup of spike and yield contributing traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). African J Biotechnol, 10(63): 13735-13743.
  • Ozcan K. 1999. A Statistical packet program for population genetics. PhD Thesis, Ege University, Institute of Science and Technology, Izmir, Türlkiye, pp: 130.
  • Poehlman MJ, Sleeper DA. 1995. Breeding hybrid cultivars. Breeding Field Crops, 1995: 200-215.
  • Ronga G, Ninno M, Fanzo N, De-Ninno M, Di-Fonzo N. 1995. Combining ability as a criterian for the choice of parents for pedigree selection programs in durum wheat. Agri Mediterrane, 125(4): 387-394.
  • Sener O, Kılınc M, Yagbasanlar T. 2000. Estimation of inheritance of some agronomical characters in common wheat by diallel cross analysis. Turk J Agric Forest, 24(1): 121-127.
  • Sener O. 1997. Studies on the determination of inheritance of some agronomical characteristics by using the method of analysis of diallel crosses in common wheat. PhD Thesis, Cukurova University, Institute of Science and Technology, Adana, Türkiye, pp: 174.
  • Sharma Y, Sharma SN, Joshi P, Sain RS. 2002. Combining ability analysis for yield and yield contributing characters in six-rowed barley. Sabrao J Breed Genet, 34(2): 55-63.
  • Toklu F, Yagbasanlar T. 2005. A research on the inheritance of plant height, earing time, flag leaf area and grain weight in breaded wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Türkiye VI. Field Crops Congress, September 5-9, Antalya, Türkiye, Volume II, pp: 689-694.
  • Tosun M, Demir D, Yuce S, Sever C, Gurel A. 1995. Line x Tester analysis on some wheat hybrids. Anadolu J AARI, 5(2): 52-63.
  • Tulukcu E. 2004. Identification of ebeveyn and hybrids with inheritance of yield and yield components of bread wheats on soil with low boron concentration using diallel methods. PhD Thesis, Selcuk University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Konya, Türkiye, pp: 156.
  • Yagdi K, Karan S. 2000. Hybrid vigor in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Turk J Agric Forest, 24: 231–236.
  • Yildirim M, Akinci C, Koc M, Barutcular C. 2009. Applicability of canopy temperature depression and chlorophyl content in durum wheat breeding. Anadolu J Agri Sci, 24(3): 158-166.
  • Yildirim M, Gezgin H, Paksoy AH. 2014. Combining ability in a 7x7 half dialllel cross for plant heigth, yield and yield components in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Turk J Agri Nat Sci, 1(3): 145-151.
  • Yildirim M. 2005. A Study on heredity of some agronomical, physiological and quality characteristics in diallel F1 offspring of selected six bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. PhD Thesis, Cukurova University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Adana, Türkiye, pp: 314.
  • Yildirim, MB, Cakir S. 1986. Line x tester analysis. E U J Comput Res App Cent, 9(1): 11-19.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Harun Ocaktan 0000-0003-1711-5712

Hüseyin Güngör 0000-0001-6708-6337

Ziya Dumlupınar 0000-0003-3119-6926

Project Number 2017/1-67 D
Publication Date July 15, 2024
Submission Date May 6, 2024
Acceptance Date June 13, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Ocaktan, H., Güngör, H., & Dumlupınar, Z. (2024). Heterosis and Diallel Analysis of Yield and Yield Components of Bread Wheat F1 Generation. Black Sea Journal of Agriculture, 7(4), 363-376. https://doi.org/10.47115/bsagriculture.1479163

                                                  24890