THE EVALUATION OF ACTN3 R577X POLYMORPHISM IN ELITE MALE TURKISH ATHLETES

Abstract

Athletic performance is a complex genetic trait influenced by environmental interaction and genetic make-up. The α actinin-3 protein encoded by the ACTN3 gene might be associated with athletic status. The aims of this study were to evaluate the differences in the genotype distribution of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism in elite Turkish wrestlers, football players, and endurance runners and to investigate whether this polymorphism is associated power/strength (wrestling and football) and endurance-based athletes (endurance running) with athletic performance. 53 wrestlers, 71 football players, 34 endurance runners, including 56 controls were participated to this study. Genotyping of ACTN3 R577X polymorphism was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The ACTN3 genotype frequencies of athletes were 37.7% RR, 52.8% RX, and 9.4% XX for wrestling, 43.7% RR, 40.8% XX, and 15.5% XX for fooball players, and 32.4% RR, 47.1% RX, and 20.6% XX for endurance running. To establish the differences in the genotype distribution and allelic frequency of the ACTN3 R577X were compared elite Turkish athletes with controls, and power/strength with endurance-based athletes. No significant difference was observed among athlete cohorts (p>0.05). Our findings verified that although there are many diverse over metabolic and mechanical determinants, the ACTN3 gene is similar over distinct types of sports disciplines, such as wrestling, endurance running and soccer.

Keywords

• ACTN3 R577X
• Elite athletes
• Turkish population
• genes

ELİT ERKEK TÜRK SPORCULARINDA ACTN3 R577X POLİMORFİZMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

Atletik performans, çevresel etkileşim ve genetik yapıdan etkilenen karmaşık bir genetik özelliktir. ACTN3 geni tarafından kodlanan α aktin-3 proteini, atletik statü ile ilişkili olabilir. Bu çalışmanın amaçları, elit Türk güreşçileri, futbolcuları ve dayanıklılık koşucularında ACTN3 R577X polimorfizminin genotip ağılımındaki farklılıkları değerlendirmek ve bu polimorfizmin güç/kuvvet (güreş ve futbol) ve dayanıklılık odaklı sporcularda (dayanıklılık koşusu) atletik performansla ilişkili olup olmadığını raştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 53 güreşçi, 71 futbolcu ve 56 kontrol olmak üzere 34 dayanıklılık koşucusu katılmıştır. ACTN3 R577X polimorfizminin genotiplendirilmesi, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu-restriksiyon fragman uzunluk polimorfizmi yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sporcuların ACTN3 genotip frekansları güreş için %37,7 RR, %52,8 RX ve %9,4 XX; futbol oyuncuları için %43,7 RR, %40,8 XX ve %15,5 XX; dayanıklılık koşusu için ise %32,4 RR, %47,1 RX ve %20,6 XX olarak bulunmuştur. ACTN3 577X geninin genotip dağılımı ve alelik frekansındaki farklılıkları belirlemek için elit Türk sporcular kontrollerle, güç/kuvvet ise dayanıklılık temelli sporcularla karşılaştırılmıştır. Sporcu grupları arasında anlamlı bir fark gözlenmemiştir (p>0,05). Bulgularımız, birçok farklı metabolik ve mekanik belirleyici olmasına rağmen, ACTN3 geninin güreş, dayanıklılık koşusu ve futbol gibi farklı spor disiplinlerinde benzer olduğunu doğrulamıştır.

Keywords

• ACTN3 R577X
• elit sporcu
• türk popülasyonu
• gen

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