PROFESYONEL FUTBOLCULARIN ANTRENMAN İÇSEL YÜK ALGILANAN ZORLUK DERECESİ VE ZİNDELİK DURUMLARININ TAKİBİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, profesyonel futbolcuların antrenman içsel yük Algılanan Zorluk Derecesi (AZD) ve zindelik durumlarının aylık ortalama değerlerinin analiz edilmesidir. Çalışmaya Türkiye Süper Lig’de yer alan bir takımdan 27 profesyonel erkek sporcu (yaş=26,80 ± 4,75) gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Çalışmada katılımcıların antrenman içsel yükleri Borg’un CR-10 AZD ölçeği; zindelik durumları ise subjektif zindelik durum ölçeği ile 16 hafta boyunca aylık ortalama değer olarak kaydedilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen verilerin analizinde tekrarlı ölçümler arasındaki farklılıkları belirlemede nonparametrik testlerden Friedman testi kullanılmış; ölçümler arasındaki fark ise Wilcoxon testi ile belirlenmiştir. Yapılan istatistiksel analiz sonuçlarına göre profesyonel futbolcuların antrenman içsel yük AZD ve zindelik durumlarının aylık değerleri arasında anlamlı fark olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak profesyonel futbolcuların 16 hafta boyunca zindelik durumları ve antrenman içsel yük AZD değerlerinin aylık değerlendirmesine göre aylar arasında anlamlı fark olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu durumun profesyonel bir branş olan futbolda, sporculara uygulanan antrenman programlarında kademeli olarak artan yüklerden, yüklenme ve dinlenmeler arasındaki ilişkinin dengeli olmasından ve sporcuların özel hayatlarının düzenli olmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Futbol gibi takım sporlarında antrenman içsel yüklerinin AZD ve zindelik durum anketi gibi kolay uygulanan yöntemlerle takip edilmesi, performans değerlendirmelerinde ve antrenman verimliliğinde hayati öneme sahip olabileceği söylenebilir.

Keywords

• Futbol
• antrenman yük takibi
• zindelik durumu
• algılanan zorluk derecesi

FOLLOWING PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL PLAYERS' TRAINING INTERNAL LOAD RATING OF PERCEIVED EXERTION AND FITNESS STATUS

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the monthly average values of the training internal load rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and fitness status of professional football players.27 professional male athletes (age=26.80 ± 4.75) from a team in the Turkish Super League voluntarily participated in the study. In the study, the training interval loads of the participants were Borg's CR-10 scale of RPE; The fitness status was recorded as the monthly average value for 16 weeks with the subjective fitness status scale. In the analysis of the data obtained in the study, the Friedman test, one of the nonparametric tests, was used to determine the differences between repeated measurements; The difference between the measurements was determined by the Wilcoxon test. According to the results of the statistical analysis, it was determined that there was no significant difference between the monthly values of professional football players' training internal load, RPE and fitness status. As a result, it was determined that there was no significant difference between the months according to the monthly evaluation of the fitness status and training internal load RPE of professional football players during 16 weeks. It is thought that this situation is caused by the gradually increasing loads in the training programs applied to the athletes in football, which is a professional branch, the balance between loading and resting, and the regularity of the private lives of the athletes. It can be said that monitoring the training internal loads in team sports such as football with easy-to-apply methods such as RPE and fitness status questionnaire may be of vital importance in performance evaluations and training efficiency.

References

1. Brink MS., Nederhof E., Visscher C., Schmikli SL., Lemmink KA. (2010). Monitoring load, recovery, and performance in young elite soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 24(3), 597-603.
2. Mujika I. (2010). Intense training: the key to optimal performance before and during the taper. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. 20, 24-31.
3. Malone S., Owen A., Mendes B., Hughes B., Collins K., Gabbett TJ. (2018). High-speed running and sprinting as an injury risk factor in soccer: Can well-developed physical qualities reduce the risk? Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 21(3), 257-262.
4. Rebelo A,. Brito J., Seabra A., Oliveira J., Drus, B., Krustrup P. (2012). A new tool to measure training load in soccer training and match play. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 33(04), 297-304.
5. Wallace L., Slattery K., Coutts AJ. (2014). A comparison of methods for quantifying training load: relationships between modelled and actual training responses. European journal of applied physiology. 114(1), 11-20.
6. Akenhead R, Nassis GP. (2016). Training load and player monitoring in high-level football: current practice and perceptions. International journal of sports physiology and performance. 11(5), 587-93.
7. Impellizzeri FM., Rampinini E., Marcora SM. (2005). Physiological assessment of aerobic training in soccer. Journal of sports sciences. 23(6), 583-92.
8. Kenttä G, Hassmén P. (1998). Overtraining and recovery. Sports medicine. 26(1), 1-16.

9. Moalla W., Fessi MS., Farhat F., Nouira S., Wong DP., Dupont G. (2016). Relationship between daily training load and psychometric status of professional soccer players. Research in Sports Medicine. 24(4), 387-94.
10. Sanchez-Sanchez J., Hernández D., Casamichana D., Martínez-Salazar C., Ramirez-Campillo R., Sampaio J. (2017). Heart rate, technical performance, and session-rpe in elite youth soccer small-sided games played with wildcard players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 31(10), 2678-85.
11. Conte D., Kolb N., Scanlan AT., Santolamazza F. (2018). Monitoring training load and well-being during the in-season phase in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I men’s basketball. International journal of sports physiology and performance. 13(8), 1067-74.
12. Gastin PB., Meyer D., Robinson D. (2013). Perceptions of wellness to monitor adaptive responses to training and competition in elite Australian football. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 27(9), 2518-26.
13. Gabbett TJ. (2016). The training—injury prevention paradox: should athletes be training smarter and harder? British journal of sports medicine. 50(5), 273-80.
14. McLean BD., Coutts AJ., Kelly V., McGuigan MR., Cormack SJ. (2010). Neuromuscular, endocrine, and perceptual fatigue responses during different length between-match microcycles in professional rugby league players. International journal of sports physiology and performance. 5(3), 367-83.
15. Malone JJ., Di Michele R., Morgans R., Burgess D., Morton JP., Drust B. (2015). Seasonal training-load quantification in elite English premier league soccer players. International journal of sports physiology and performance. 10(4), 489-497.
16. Aktuğ ZB., Aka H., Akarçeşme C., Çelebi MM., Altundağ E. (2019). The Effects of Corrective Exercises on Functional Movement Screen Tests of Elite Female Volleyball Players. Turkish Journal of Sports Medicine. 54(4), 233-241
17. Aka H., Aktuğ ZB., Kılıç F. (2020). Türkiye süper lig sezon sonu takım sıralamasının geliştirilen yapay sinir ağları modeli ile tahmin edilmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi. 11(3), 258-268.
18. Aka H., Akarçeşme C., Altundağ E., Soylu Ç. (2020). Elit voleybolcuların antrenman içsel yük algılanan zorluk derecesi ve zindelik durumlarının takibi. Aksaray University Journal of Sport and Health Researches. 1(1), 54-64.
19. Kılıç F., Aka H., Aktuğ ZB. (2020). Futbolda Yapay Sinir Ağları Modeli İle Lig Sıralaması Tahmini. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Studies. 6(2), 379-391.
20. Foster C., Florhaug JA., Franklin J., Gottschall L., Hrovatin LA., Parker S., Doleshal P., Dodge, C. (2001). A new approach to monitoring exercise training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 15(1), 109-115.
21. Djaoui L., Haddad M., Chamari K., Dellal A. (2017). Monitoring training load and fatigue in soccer players with physiological markers. Physiology & behavior. 181, 86-94.
22. Vanrenterghem J., Nedergaard NJ., Robinson MA., Drust B. (2017). Training load monitoring in team sports: a novel framework separating physiological and biomechanical load-adaptation pathways. Sports Medicine. 47(11), 2135-2142.
23. Bompa T., Buzzichelli C. (2015). Periodization training for sports. 3. Baskı. Human kinetics.
24. Foster C. (1998). Monitoring training in athletes with reference to overtraining syndrome. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 30, 1164-1168.
25. Aka H., Akarçeşme C., Altundağ E., Soylu Ç. (2020). Elit voleybolcuların antrenman içsel yük algılanan zorluk derecesi ve zindelik durumlarının takibi. Aksaray University Journal of Sport and Health Researches. 1(1), 54-64.
26. Hulin BT., Gabbett TJ., Blanch P., Chapman P., Bailey D., Orchard JW. (2014). Spikes in acute workload are associated with increased injury risk in elite cricket fast bowlers. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 48(8), 708-712.