Silver Nanoparticles: Plant-Based Green Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Anticancer Activities

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are attracting significant attention across sectors, including disease diagnosis and treatment, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, healthcare, agriculture, and food. There is a growing preference for plant-mediated green synthesis—an eco-friendly approach—over physical and chemical synthesis methods. This method enables the synthesis of silver nanoparticles smaller than 100 nm using plant extracts without the need for high temperatures or pressures, resulting in particles that are ecologically safer and non-toxic. Due to their unique physicochemical properties, AgNPs hold significant potential for anticancer activity against various types of cancer. In this review, the general properties of AgNPs, characterization methods, anticancer activities, and factors influencing their mechanisms of action are discussed from a comprehensive perspective.

Keywords

• Silver nanoparticle
• AgNP
• Green synthesis
• Anticancer

Gümüş Nanopartiküller: Bitki Kaynaklı Yeşil Sentez, Karakterizasyon ve In Vitro Antikanser Aktiviteleri

Abstract

Gümüş nanopartikülleri (AgNP), hastalıkların teşhis ve tedavisinin yanı sıra kozmetik, ilaç, sağlık, tarım ve gıda gibi birçok sektörde yoğun ilgi görmektedir. Aynı zamanda çevre dostu ekolojik bir yaklaşım olması sebebiyle bitki aracılı yeşil sentez yöntemine fiziksel ve kimyasal sentez yöntemlerine kıyasla daha fazla yönelim vardır. Bu yöntem sayesinde yüksek sıcaklığa ve basınca ihtiyaç olmadan bitki ekstreleri kullanılarak 100 nm’den küçük boyutlarda, ekolojik açıdan daha güvenli ve toksik olmayan gümüş nanopartiküller sentezlenebilmektedir. Sahip oldukları özgün fizikokimyasal özellikler nedeniyle AgNP’ler, farklı kanser türlerine karşı antikanser etkinlik açısından önemli bir potansiyel taşımaktadır. Bu derlemede, AgNP’lerin genel özellikleri, karakterizasyon yöntemleri, antikanser aktiviteleri ve etki mekanizmalarını etkileyen faktörler genel bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmıştır.

Keywords

• Gümüş nanopartikül
• AgNP
• Yeşil sentez
• Antikanser

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