PLC-SCADA Denetimli Bağımsız Güneş Takip Sistemlerinin Gerçek Zamanlı Kontrolü ve Performans Analizi

Abstract

Bu makalede, PLC (Programlanabilir Mantıksal Denetleyici) ve SCADA (Yönetimsel Denetim ve Veri Toplama) kullanılarak tek eksenli ve çift eksenli güneş takip sistemlerinin gerçek zamanlı kontrolü ve sabit bir güneş paneli sisteminin izlenmesi sunulmaktadır. Sistemler, yeni bir takip mekanizması ve yeni bir enerji üretimi değerlendirme yöntemi kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Bu üç güneş paneli sistemi verimliliklerine ve ürettikleri güce göre karşılaştırılmıştır. Her üç sistemde de 100 Wp gücünde özdeş güneş panelleri kullanılmıştır. Hem tek eksenli hem de çift eksenli güneş panelini etkili bir şekilde kontrol etmek için S7-1200 tip bir PLC kullanılmıştır. PV panellerinin eksen açısını kontrol etmek için gerçek zamanlı saat ve astronomik veriler kullanılmıştır. Sistem, PLC-SCADA yazılımının uygulanması yoluyla gerçek zamanlı olarak kapsamlı bir şekilde izlenmiş ve kontrol edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler kaydedilerek SCADA ekranında görüntülenmiş ve daha sonra değişen iklim koşulları altında üç panelin güç çıkışını belirlemek için analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçların değerlendirmesi buna göre yapılmıştır. 42 gün güneşli, 11 gün bulutlu ve 8 gün yağmurlu olmak üzere toplam 61 günlük dönemde, çift eksenli fotovoltaik panel ortalama 337,34 Wh, tek eksenli fotovoltaik panel 314,32 Wh ve sabit fotovoltaik panel 220,49 Wh üretmiştir. Günlük ortalamada, çift eksenli fotovoltaik panel tek eksenli fotovoltaik panele göre %7,32 ve sabit fotovoltaik panele göre %52,99 daha fazla enerji üretirken, tek eksenli fotovoltaik panel sabit fotovoltaik panele göre %42,55 daha fazla enerji üretmiştir.

Keywords

• Güneş takip sistemi
• PLC
• SCADA
• Enerji üretimi

Real-Time Control and Performance Analysis of PLC-SCADA Supervised Stand-Alone Solar Tracking Systems

Abstract

This paper presents the real-time control of single-axis and dual-axis solar tracking systems, as well as monitoring of a fixed solar panel system, using PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition). The systems were designed using a novel tracking mechanism and a novel energy generation evaluation method. Based on their efficiencies as well as the power they produced, these three solar panel systems were compared accordingly. In all three systems, identical solar panels having 100 Wp power were used. To control both single-axis and dual-axis solar panels efficiently, an S7-1200 type PLC was employed. Real-time clock and astronomical data were used to control the axis angle of the PV panels. The system was comprehensively monitored and controlled in real-time through the implementation of PLC-SCADA software. The obtained data were recorded and displayed on SCADA screen, and were subsequently analyzed to determine the power output of the three panels under varying climatic conditions. The evaluation of the obtained results was made accordingly. In a total of 61-day period which encompassed 42 days of sunshine, 11 days of cloud and 8 days of rain, double-axis photovoltaic panel produced 337.34 Wh, single-axis photovoltaic panel generated 314.32 Wh and fixed photovoltaic panel produced 220.49 Wh on average. On daily average, double-axis photovoltaic panel produced 7.32% more energy as compared to single-axis photovoltaic panel and 52.99% more energy as compared to fixed photovoltaic panel, whereas single-axis photovoltaic panel produced 42.55% more energy than fixed photovoltaic panel.

Keywords

• Solar tracking system
• PLC
• SCADA
• Energy generation

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