Malzeme Modellerinin Sac Metal Sonlu Elemanlar Analizi Tahmin Performansına Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Sac metaller ağırlık/dayanım oranlarından ötürü başta otomotiv olmak üzere pek çok sektörde tercih edilmektedirler. İnce malzemelerle çalışıldığından ve karmaşık ürün formları hedeflendiğinden sac metal şekillendirme prosesleri genelde karmaşık prosesler olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadırlar. Çoğunlukla seri üretim ürünü olarak tercih edilmelerinden dolayı sac metal kalıp takımları oldukça pahalıdırlar. Bu nedenle kalıp takımlarının tasarım aşamasında telafi edilme zorunluluğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Günümüzde bu amaçla en sık kullanılan yöntem sonlu elemanlar analizidir. Sonlu elemanlar analizlerinin ise tahmin hassasiyetlerinin yüksek olması gerekmektedir. Hassasiyete etki eden en baskın parametre ise malzemelerin plastik davranışının tanımlandığı malzeme modelleridir. Bu çalışmada sonlu elemanlar malzeme modellerinin tahmin performansına etkisi incelenmiş olup bu amaçla derin çekme, kare kutu çekme ve V-kalıpta eğme prosesleri 4 farklı malzeme (DP600, DP980, DC05, AA5754) için incelenmiştir. Çalışmada izotropik malzeme-izotropik pekleşme kabulü yapan (Power Law), anizotropik malzeme-izotropik pekleşme kabullü (Hill-48, Barlat-89) ve anizotropik malzeme - kinematik pekleşme kabullü (Yoshida - Uemori) dört farklı malzeme modeli kullanılmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen simülasyon sonrasında sonuçlar deneysel verilerle kıyaslanarak sonlu elemanlar tahmin performansları ortaya konulmuştur. En hassas tahminlerin tüm modellerde kinematik pekleşme kabullü malzeme modeli ile elde edildiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Sac Metal Şekillendirme,Sonlu Elamanlar Analizi,Plastisite Modelleme,Mekanik Özellik

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