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CMT ve Darbeli CMT Ark Kaynaklı AA7075-T6 Al-Alaşımı Alın Bağlantıların Mekanik Davranışına Kaynak Hatalarının Etkisinin Araştırılması

Year 2020, , 243 - 255, 23.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.654456

Abstract

Al-alaşımları hafiflik, iyi korozyon performansı, iyi şekillendirilebilirlik ve yüksek mukavemet gibi oldukça iyi bir mekanik özellik kombinasyonuna sahiptir. Bunun sonucu, özellikle de hafiflik istenen taşımacılık sanayi başta olmak üzere birçok alanda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Ancak, bu alaşımların, özellikle de yaşlandırma sertleşmesi yapılmış AA7075-T6 gibi yüksek mukavemetli olan türlerinin, ergitme kaynağında porozite oluşumu, çatlama ve kaynak bölgesinde aşırı mukavemet kaybı gibi problemlerle karşılaşılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bu alaşımların başarılı bir şekilde kaynaklanabilir olması endüstride daha da yaygın olarak kullanılmalarını sağlayacaktır. Bu bağlamda, katı hal kaynakları ve soğuk metal transferi (cold metal transfer – CMT) gaz metal ark kaynağı (GMAK) veya lazer kaynağı gibi düşük ısı girdili ergitme kaynakları ümit vadetmektedir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı soğuk metal transferi (CMT) ark kaynağı tekniği kullanılarak kaynak edilen AA7075-T6 levhaların kaynak dikişinde porozite oluşumu ve oluşan porozitenin kaynaklı levhanın mekanik özelliklerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Bu çerçevede, 2 mm kalınlığındaki AA7075-T6 Al-alaşımı levhalar hem geleneksel CMT hem de darbeli CMT ark kaynağı yöntemleri kullanılarak birleştirilmiştir. Kaynaklı levhaların içyapıları ve mekanik özellikleri detaylı optik mikroskop çalışmaları, mikrosertlik ölçümleri ve çekme deneyi ile incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, kaynak dikişinde oluşan iri porozitelerin kaynaklı levhanın mekanik davranışına etkisini belirlemek için porozite oluşumu ile kaynak performansı arasında bir ilişki kurulmaya çalışılmıştır.

References

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  • [22] G. Çam, “Friction stir welded structural materials: Beyond Al-alloys”, Int. Mater. Rev., Vol. 56, pp. 1-48, 2011.
  • [23] G. Çam et al., “Applicability of friction stir welding to steels”, J. Achv. Mater. Manuf. Eng., Vol. 80, pp. 65-85, 2017.
  • [24] G. İpekoğlu et al., “Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded dissimilar St37/St52 joints”, Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Article Number: 046537, 2019.
  • [25] T. Küçükömeroğlu, S.M. Aktarer, G. İpekoğlu, and G. Çam, “Mechanical properties of friction stir welded St 37 and St 44 steel joints”, Materials Testing, Vol. 60, pp. 1163-1170, 2018.
  • [26] T. Küçükömeroğlu, S.M. Aktarer, G. İpekoğlu, and G. Çam, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded St52 steel joints”, International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, Vol. 25, pp. 1457-1464, 2018.
  • [27] S. Selvi, A. Vishvaksenan, and E. Rajasekar, “Cold metal transfer (CMT) technology - An overview”, Defence Technology, Vol. 14, pp. 28-44, 2018.
  • [28] C.G. Pickin and K. Young, “Evaluation of cold metal transfer (CMT) process for welding aluminium alloy”. Sci Technol Weld Join, Vol. 11, pp. 583-585, 2006.
  • [29] G. Cornacchia, S. Cecchel, and A. Panvini, “A comparative study of mechanical properties of metal inert gas (MIG)-cold metal transfer (CMT) and fiber laser-MIG hybrid welds for 6005A T6 extruded sheet”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 94, pp. 2017-2030, 2018.
  • [30] B. Gungor, E.Kaluc, E. Taban, and A. Şık, “Mechanical and microstructural properties of robotic cold metal Trasfer (CMT) welded 5083-H111 and 6082-T&51 aluminum alloys”, Mater. Des., Vol. 54, pp. 207-211, 2014.
  • [31] B. Cong, J. Ding and S. Williams, “Effect of arc mode in cold metal transfer process on porosity of additively manufactured Al-6.3%Cu alloy”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 76, pp. 1593-1606, 2015.
  • [32] A. Elrefaey, “Effectiveness of cold metal transfer process for welding 7075 aluminium alloys”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 20, pp. 280-285, 2015.
  • [33] M. Koçak, M. Pakdil and G. Çam, “Fracture behaviour of diffusion bonded Ti-alloys with strength mismatch”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 7, pp. 187-196, 2002.
  • [34] G. Çam et al., “Fracture behaviour of diffusion bonded bimaterial Ti-Al joints”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 2, pp. 95-101, 1997.
  • [35] G. İpekoğlu, Ö. Akçam, and G. Çam, “Effect of plate thickness on weld speed in friction stir welding of AA6061-T6 Al-alloy plates”, The Paton Welding Journal, Vol. 12, pp. 77-82, 2018.
  • [36] E. He et al., Effect of porosities on tensile properties of laser-welded Al-Li alloy: an experimental and modelling study”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 95, pp. 659-671, 2018.
Year 2020, , 243 - 255, 23.03.2020
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.654456

Abstract

References

  • [1] T. Anderson, Welding Aluminium - Questions and Answers: A practical guide for troubleshooting aluminum welding-related problems, 2nd edition, pp 1-9, American Welding Society, FL, USA, 2010.
  • [2] G. Çam and G. İpekoğlu, “Recent developments in joining of aluminum alloys”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 91, pp. 1851-1866, 2017.
  • [3] N. Kashaev, V. Ventzke and G. Çam, “Prospects of laser beam welding and friction stir welding processes for aluminum airframe structural applications”, J. Manuf. Proc,. Vol. 36, pp. 571-600, 2018.
  • [4] M. Pakdil, G. Çam, M. Koçak and S. Erim, “Microstructural and mechanical characterization of laser beam welded AA6056 Al-alloy”, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, Vol 528, pp. 7350-7356, 2011.
  • [5] G. Çam and M. Koçak, “Microstructural and mechanical characterization of electron beam welded Al-alloy 7020”, J. Mater. Sci., Vol. 42, pp. 7154-7161, 2007.
  • [6] G. Çam et al., “Characterization of laser and electron beam welded Al-alloys”, Prakt. Metallogr., Vol. 36, pp. 59-89, 1999.
  • [7] G. Çam et al., “Characterisation of electron beam welded aluminium alloys”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 4, pp. 317-323, 1999.
  • [8] G. Çam and S. Mıstıkoğlu, “Recent developments in friction stir welding of Al-alloys”, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., Vol. 23, pp. 1936-1953, 2014.
  • [9] G. Çam et al., “Mechanical properties of friction stir butt-welded Al-5086 H32 plate”, Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech., Vol. 40, pp. 638-642, 2009.
  • [10] G. Çam, “Sürtünme Karıştırma Kaynağı. (SKK): Al-Alaşımları İçin Geliştirilmiş Yeni. Bir Kaynak Teknolojisi’, Mühendis ve Makine (Engineer and Machinery), Vol. 46, pp. 30-39, 2005 .
  • [11] A. Von Strombeck et al., “A Comparison Between Microstructure, Properties,and Toughness Behavior of Power Beam and Friction StirWelds in Al-Alloys”, in 2001 The TMS 2001 Annual Meeting Aluminum, Automotive and Joining (New Orleans, February 12-14, 2001), TMS, Warrendale, PA, USA, 2001, pp. 249-264.
  • [12] J. F. dos Santos et al., “Properties of power beam welded steel, Al-and Ti alloys: Significance of strength mismatch”, Welding in the World, Vol. 44, pp. 42-64, 2000.
  • [13] G. İpekoğlu, B. G. Kıral, S. Erim and G. Çam, “Investigation of the effect of temper condition on friction stir weldability of AA7075 Al-alloy plates”, Mater. Tehnol., Vol. 46, pp. 627-632, 2012.
  • [14] G. İpekoğlu, S. Erim, B. G. Kıral and G. Çam, “Investigation into the effect of temper condition on friction stir weldability of AA6061 Al-alloy plates”, Kovove Mater., Vol. 51, pp. 155-163, 2013.
  • [15] G. İpekoğlu, S. Erim and G. Çam, “Investigation into the influence of post-weld heat treatment on the friction stir welded AA6061 Al-alloy plates with different temper conditions”, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, Vol. 45, pp. 864-877, 2014.
  • [16] G. İpekoğlu, S. Erim and G. Çam, “Effects of temper condition and post weld heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir butt welded AA7075 Al-alloy plates”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 70, pp. 201-213, 2014.
  • [17] G. İpekoğlu and G. Çam, “Effects of initial temper condition and postweld heat treatment on the properties of dissimilar friction-stir-welded joints between AA7075 and AA6061 aluminum alloys”, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, Vol. 45, pp. 3074-3087, 2014.
  • [18] G. Çam, G. İpekoğlu and H. T. Serindağ, “Effects of use of higher strength interlayer and external cooling on properties of friction stir welded AA6061-T6 joints”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 19, pp. 715-720, 2014.
  • [19] Y. Bozkurt, S. Salman, and G. Çam, “The effect of welding parameters on lap-shear tensile properties of dissimilar friction stir spot welded AA5754-H22/2024-T3 joints”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 18, pp. 337-345, 2013.
  • [20] A. Günen et al., “Microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded pure lead”, Indian J. Eng. Mater. Sci., Vol. 25, pp. 26-32, 2018.
  • [21] T. Küçükömeroğlu et al., “Microstructural and mechanical properties of friction stir welded nickel-aluminum bronze (NAB) alloy”, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., Vol. 25, pp. 320-326, 2016.
  • [22] G. Çam, “Friction stir welded structural materials: Beyond Al-alloys”, Int. Mater. Rev., Vol. 56, pp. 1-48, 2011.
  • [23] G. Çam et al., “Applicability of friction stir welding to steels”, J. Achv. Mater. Manuf. Eng., Vol. 80, pp. 65-85, 2017.
  • [24] G. İpekoğlu et al., “Investigation of microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded dissimilar St37/St52 joints”, Materials Research Express, Vol. 6, Article Number: 046537, 2019.
  • [25] T. Küçükömeroğlu, S.M. Aktarer, G. İpekoğlu, and G. Çam, “Mechanical properties of friction stir welded St 37 and St 44 steel joints”, Materials Testing, Vol. 60, pp. 1163-1170, 2018.
  • [26] T. Küçükömeroğlu, S.M. Aktarer, G. İpekoğlu, and G. Çam, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded St52 steel joints”, International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, Vol. 25, pp. 1457-1464, 2018.
  • [27] S. Selvi, A. Vishvaksenan, and E. Rajasekar, “Cold metal transfer (CMT) technology - An overview”, Defence Technology, Vol. 14, pp. 28-44, 2018.
  • [28] C.G. Pickin and K. Young, “Evaluation of cold metal transfer (CMT) process for welding aluminium alloy”. Sci Technol Weld Join, Vol. 11, pp. 583-585, 2006.
  • [29] G. Cornacchia, S. Cecchel, and A. Panvini, “A comparative study of mechanical properties of metal inert gas (MIG)-cold metal transfer (CMT) and fiber laser-MIG hybrid welds for 6005A T6 extruded sheet”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 94, pp. 2017-2030, 2018.
  • [30] B. Gungor, E.Kaluc, E. Taban, and A. Şık, “Mechanical and microstructural properties of robotic cold metal Trasfer (CMT) welded 5083-H111 and 6082-T&51 aluminum alloys”, Mater. Des., Vol. 54, pp. 207-211, 2014.
  • [31] B. Cong, J. Ding and S. Williams, “Effect of arc mode in cold metal transfer process on porosity of additively manufactured Al-6.3%Cu alloy”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 76, pp. 1593-1606, 2015.
  • [32] A. Elrefaey, “Effectiveness of cold metal transfer process for welding 7075 aluminium alloys”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 20, pp. 280-285, 2015.
  • [33] M. Koçak, M. Pakdil and G. Çam, “Fracture behaviour of diffusion bonded Ti-alloys with strength mismatch”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 7, pp. 187-196, 2002.
  • [34] G. Çam et al., “Fracture behaviour of diffusion bonded bimaterial Ti-Al joints”, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., Vol. 2, pp. 95-101, 1997.
  • [35] G. İpekoğlu, Ö. Akçam, and G. Çam, “Effect of plate thickness on weld speed in friction stir welding of AA6061-T6 Al-alloy plates”, The Paton Welding Journal, Vol. 12, pp. 77-82, 2018.
  • [36] E. He et al., Effect of porosities on tensile properties of laser-welded Al-Li alloy: an experimental and modelling study”, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., Vol. 95, pp. 659-671, 2018.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hüseyin Tarık Serindağ 0000-0003-3864-8147

Gürel Çam 0000-0003-0222-9274

Publication Date March 23, 2020
Submission Date December 3, 2019
Acceptance Date February 27, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020

Cite

APA Serindağ, H. T., & Çam, G. (2020). CMT ve Darbeli CMT Ark Kaynaklı AA7075-T6 Al-Alaşımı Alın Bağlantıların Mekanik Davranışına Kaynak Hatalarının Etkisinin Araştırılması. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(100. Yıl Özel Sayı), 243-255. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.654456