Analysis of the Effect of Heat Treatment on Corrosion Resistance of Electroless Ni-B/Ni-B-W Dublex Coating

Abstract

The present work deals with the formation of Ni-B/Ni-B-W duplex coatings on steel by electroless plating process and evaluation of their microstructure and corrosion resistance. The Ni-B/Ni-B-W duplex coatings were prepared using dual baths (alkaline borohydride- reduced electroless nickel baths) with Ni-B as inner layer. EDS analyses were carried out for chemical composition analyses. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the cross-sectional view of the electroless nickel duplex coatings reveal that the coatings are uniform and the compatibility between the layers is good. Also the surface morphology was analysed to characterize the surface properties. Coatings were characterized using XRD. The study reveals that the Ni-B and Ni-B-W coatings are amorphous in their as-plated condition and upon heat treatment at 450 ºC for 1 h, both Ni-B and Ni-B-W coatings crystallize and produce nickel and nickel borides (Ni2B ve Ni3B) in the respective coatings. Polarization tests (in 3,5% NaCl aqueous solution) and immersion tests (in 5% H2SO4 solutions) were carried out to analyse the corrosion properties. The tests were applied on substrate steel, as-plated and heat treated Ni-B and Ni-B/Ni-B-W coatings and were compared with each other. According to the results, all coatings performed better corrosion resistance (CR) than the substrate steel. As-plated Ni-B/Ni-B-W coatings demonstrated better CR than Ni-B coatings. By applying heat treatment, corrosion characteristics improved in both Ni-B and Ni-B/Ni-B-W coatings but much more improvement was observed by Ni-B/Ni-B-W coatings. Adding tungsten to the coating improved additionally the CR due to the formation of protective tungsten oxide layer.

Keywords

• Electroless Coating
• Corrosion Resistance
• Ni-B/Ni-B-W
• Heat Treatment

Isıl İşlemin Akımsız Ni-B/Ni-B-W Dubleks Kaplamanın Korozyon Direncine Etkisinin Analiz Edilmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada çelik malzemenin yüzeyi, akımsız kaplama yöntemi ile Ni-B/Ni-B-W ile kaplanmış, kaplamaların içyapı ve korozyon direnci incelenmiştir. Ni-B/Ni-B-W kaplaması asidik hipofosfit ve alkalin borohidrid indirgeyici banyolarla akımsız olarak kaplanmıştır. Kimyasal bileşim analizi için EDS yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Tarayıcı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) ile kaplamanın kesit ve yüzey morfolojisi incelenmiştir. SEM analizi sonucu kaplamaların üniform olduğu, yüzeye çok iyi bir adezif bağ ile gözeneksiz bir şekilde bağlandığı ve kaplamaların birbirleriyle uyumlu olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. XRD analizleri sonucu her iki kaplamanın da amorf yapıda olduğu, 450 ºC’de bir saat uygulanan ısıl işlem ile kaplamanın kristalleştiği ve nikel borit (Ni2B ve Ni3B) çökeltilerinin oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Çelik, ısıl işlem görmemiş ve görmüş Ni-B ve Ni-B/Ni-B-W kaplamaların korozif karakterini incelemek için 5% H2SO4 çözeltide daldırma ve Potansiyometrik Polarizasyon deneyleri (%3,5 NaCl sulu çözeltide) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneyler sonucu her iki tür kaplamanın korozyon direncinin kaplanan malzeme olan çelikten daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Isıl işlem görmemiş Ni-B/Ni-B-W kaplamasının korozyon direncinin Ni-B kaplamaya göre daha iyi olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Isıl işlemin uygulanması sonucu her iki kaplamanın da korozyon direnci artmıştır. Ancak Ni-B/Ni-B-W dubleks kaplamasında artış Ni-B kaplamaya göre daha fazladır. Kaplamaya tungstenin eklenmesi ile ısıl işlem sonrası yüzeyde oluşan koruyucu tungsten oksit tabakasından dolayı, kaplamanın korozyon direnci artırmıştır.

Keywords

• Akımsız Kaplama
• Korozyon Direnci
• Ni-B/Ni-B-W
• Isıl İşlem

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