Kentsel Su Yönetiminde Basınç Kontrolü İçin Fayda Maliyet Analizi Hesaplama Aracının Geliştirilmesi

Year 2022, , 115 - 123, 30.06.2022

Salih Yılmaz , Mahmut Fırat

https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.996617

Abstract

Kentsel su yönetiminde arıza yoğunluğuna bağlı olarak işletme koşulları bozulmaktadır. Arızaların oluşmasında en önemli faktör sistemdeki yüksek basınç ve basınçtaki düzensizliktir. Bu nedenle yeni arıza oluşumunun azaltılması için basıncın kontrol altına alınması ve dalgalanmaların azaltılması gerekmektedir. Ancak basınç kontrolü oldukça kapsamlı saha çalışması gerektiren, maliyetli bir süreçtir. Bu nedenle basınç yönetimi uygulanmadan önce oluşacak maliyetler (ekipman, saha çalışmaları, kurulum) ve faydalar (sisteme kazandırılacak potansiyel su hacmi, arızadaki potansiyel azalmalar) analiz edilmelidir. Bu çalışmada bir izole bölgede basınç yönetimi uygulanması durumunda ortaya çıkan maliyetlerin ve faydaların analiz edilmesi için hesaplama aracının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla saha verilerine göre maliyet bileşenleri tanımlanmıştır. Ayrıca literatürde önerilen yaklaşımlar esas alınarak basınç kontrolüne bağlı olarak sızıntı ve arıza oranındaki azalmalar analiz edilmektedir. Bu fayda ve maliyet bileşenleri geliştirilen hesaplama aracına tanımlanmıştır. Geliştirilen bu hesaplama aracının özellikle uygulayıcılar için referans teşkil edeceği düşünülmektedir. Bu hesaplama aracında izole bölge çalışmaları için de fayda maliyet bileşenleri tanımlanmıştır.

Keywords

Kentsel Su Yönetimi, Basınç Kontrolü, Fayda Maliyet Analizi, Hesaplama Aracı

Supporting Institution

İnönü Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

İÜ-BAP FOA- FDK 2020-2053

Thanks

Bu çalışma, İnönü Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi, (İÜ-BAP FDK-2020-2053) tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Development of Cost-Benefit Analysis Calculation Tool for Pressure Control in Urban Water Management

Abstract

Operating conditions deteriorate depending on the density of failures in urban water management. The most important factor in the occurrence of failures is the high pressure in the system and the fluctuation in the pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to control the pressure and reduce the fluctuations in order to reduce the occurrence of new faults. However, pressure control is a costly process that requires extensive fieldwork. Therefore, before applying pressure management, the costs (equipment, field works, and installation) and benefits (potential water volume to be added to the system, potential reductions in failure) should be considered. The aim of this study is to develop a calculation tool to analyse the costs and benefits of applying pressure management in an isolated zone. For this purpose, cost components were defined according to field data. In addition, based on the approaches suggested in the literature, reductions in leakage and failure rates due to pressure control are determined. These fault and cost components are defined in the developed calculation tool. It is thought that this developed calculation tool will be a reference especially for practitioners. In this calculation tool, cost-benefit components are also defined for isolated site studies.

Keywords

Urban Water Management, Pressure Control, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Calculation Tool

Project Number

İÜ-BAP FOA- FDK 2020-2053

References

• Lambert, A. O. & Mckenzie, R. (2001). Econoleak: Economic model for leakage management for water suppliers in South Africa.African Water Res. Comm.,169, 02.
• Farley, M., Wyeth, G., Ghazali, Z.B.M., Istandar, A. & Singh, S. (2008). The Manager’s Non-Revenue Water Handbook. A Guide to Understanding Water Losses. Washington DC, Development Alternatives Inc (DAI), USA.
• May, J. (1994). Pressure dependent leakage.World Water and Environmental Engineering.
• Lambert, A.O. & Morrison, J.A.E (1996). Recent developments in application of ‘Bursts and Background Estimates’ concepts for leakage management.J. Int. Water Environ. Manag., 100–104.
• Lambert, A.O., Brown, T.G., Takizawa, M. & Weimer, D. (1999). A review of performance indicators for real losses from water supply systems. J. Water Supply Res. Technol. - AQUA, 48(6), 227–237.
• Fanner, P., Thornton, J., Liemberger, R. & Sturm, R. (2007). Evaluating water loss and planning loss reduction strategies. Awwa Research Foundation.
• Fanner, P. & Lambert, A.O. (2009). Calculating SRELL with pressure management, active leakage control and leak run-time options, with confidence limits.Proc., WaterLoss 2009, IWA Int. Conf., IWA Publ., 373–380.
• Vicente, D.J., Garrote, L., Sánchez, R. & Santillán, D. (2016). Pressure management in water distribution systems: Current status, proposals, and future trends. J. Water Resour. Plan. Manag.,142(2), 1–13.
• Gomes, R., Marques, A.S. & Sousa, J. (2011). Estimation of the benefits yielded by pressure management in water distribution systems.Urban Water J.,8(2), 65–77.
• Thornton, J. (2011). Pressure Management Cases From Around the World.
• Kanakoudis,V. & Gonelas, K. (2016). Non-revenue water reduction through pressure management in Kozani’s water distribution network: from theory to practice.Desalin. Water Treat.57(25), 11436–11446.
• Creaco, E. & Walski, T. (2017). Economic analysis of pressure control for leakage and pipe burst reduction. J. Water Resour. Plan. Manag.,143(12).
• Samir, N., Kansoh, R., Elbarki, W. & Fleifle, A. (2017). Pressure control for minimizing leakage in water distribution systems. Alexandria Eng. J., 56(4), 601–612.
• Fontana, N., Giugni, M., Glielmo, L., Marini, G. & Zollo, R. (2018). Real-time control of pressure for leakage reduction in water distribution network: Field experiments. J. Water Resour. Plan. Manag., 144(3), 1–12.
• Moslehi, I., Jalili-Ghazizadeh, M. & Yousefi-Khoshqalb, E. (2020). Developing a framework for leakage target setting in water distribution networks from an economic perspective. Struct. Infrastruct. Eng. 1–17.
• Charalambous, B. & Kanellopoulou, S. (2010). Applied Pressure Management Techniques to Reduce and Control Leakage. Proc. IWA Int. Spec. Conf. Water Loss 1–12.
• Kanakoudis, V. & Gonelas, K. (2015). Estimating the Economic Leakage Level in a water distribution system. Water Resour. Manag. a Chang. World Challenges Oppor., 1–7.
• AL-Washali, T., Sharma, S. & Kennedy, M. (2016). methods of Assessment of Water Losses in Water Supply Systems: a Review.Water Resour. Manag., 30(14), 4985–5001.
• Lambert, A. & Hirner, W. (2000). Losses from water supply systems: Standard terminology and recommended performance measures, blue pages, IWA.
• Pearson, D. & Trow, S.W. (2005). Calculating the Economic Levels of Leakage. Leakage 2005 Conf. Proc.,1–16.
• Lambert, A. & Thornton, J. (2012). Pressure : Bursts Relationships : Influence of Pipe Materials , Validation of Scheme Results , and Implications of Extended Asset Life.Water Loss 2012, 2–11.
• Lambert, A. & Lalonde, A. (2005). Using practical predictions of Economic Intervention Frequency to calculate Short-run Economic Leakage Level, with or without Pressure Management. Leakage Conf. Proceeding,1–12.
• Thornton, J. & Lambert, A. (2005). Progress in practical prediction of pressure: leakage, pressure: burst frequency and pressure: consumption relationships. IWA Spec. Conf., 1–10.
• Yılmaz, Y. (2021). Su Kayip Yönetiminde Ekonomik Kaçak Seviyesinin Optimizasyon Algoritmalariyla Belirlenmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İnönü Üniversitesi.
• Lambert, A., Charalambous, B., Fantozzi, M., Kovac, J., Rizzo, A. & Galea, S. (2014). 14 Years Experience of using IWA Best Practice Water Balance and Water Loss Performance Indicators in Europe. Proc. WaterLoss Conf. 1–31.
• Fallis, P. (2011). Guidelines for Water Loss Reduction, 236.
• Gomes, R., Marques, A.S.A. & Sousa, J. (2013). District Metered Areas Design Under Different Decision Makers’ Options: Cost Analysis. Water Resour. Manag.,27(13), 4527–4543.