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Farklı Oranlarda Sürfaktan İçeren PbS İnce Filmlerin Fiziksel Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 495 - 504, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1080443

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, polikristal kurşun sülfür ince filmler, kokamid dietanolamin varlığında kimyasal banyo depolama tekniği kullanılarak cam altlıklar üzerinde başarılı bir şekilde biriktirilmiştir. Farklı oranlarda kullanılan kokamid dietanolaminin PbS ince filmlerin yapısal, morfolojik ve optik özellikleri üzerindeki etkileri X-ışını kırınımı (XRD), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), taramalı prob mikroskopisi (SPM) ve UV-görünür spektroskopi analizleri kullanılarak incelendi. XRD analizlerinden kokamid dietanolamin katkı miktarının artmasıyla PbS ince filmlerin kristal büyüklüklerinin 12.57 nm’ den 5.43 nm’ ye azaldığı elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca mikrogerilme ve dislokasyon yoğunluğu değerleri kokamid dietanolamin katkı miktarına bağlı olarak artmıştır. SEM analizi kokamid dietanolamin katkısının nanoyapılı PbS ince filmlerin yüzey morfolojilerini etkilediğini göstermektedir. SPM analizi kokamid dietanolamin katkısının artmasıyla ince filmlerin yüzey pürüzlülüğü değerlerinin arttığını göstermiştir. UV-görünür spektroskopi analizi ile %1 kokamid dietanolamin katkı miktarında PbS ince filmin optik geçirgenlik değerinin yaklaşık olarak 3 kat arttığı elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kokamid dietanolamin miktarına bağlı olarak PbS ince filmlerin optik bant aralığı değerleri 1.87 eV’ tan 2.53 eV’ a artmıştır.

References

  • Yücel, E. (2019). Using of CAPB as a surfactant to improve the surface morphology and optical features of PbS films. Superlattices and Microstructures, 135, 106287.
  • Yücel, E., & Yücel, Y. (2017). Fabrication and characterization of Sr-doped PbS thin films grown by CBD. Ceramics International, 43, 407-413.
  • Shu, L.L., Guang T.F., Shao H.X.,& Xu D.G. (2021). High-performance visible-near IR photodetectors based on high-quality Sn2+-sensitized PbS films. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 883, 160860.
  • Patil, S.V., Deshmukh, P.R., & Lokhande, C.D. (2011). Fabrication and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensing performance of p-polyaniline/n-PbS heterojunctionat room temperature. Sensors and Actuators B, 156, 450-455.
  • Patel, J., Mighri, F., Ajji, A., Tiwari, D., & Chaudhuri, T.K. (2014). Spin-coating deposition of PbS and CdS thin films for solar cell application. Appl. Phys. A, 117, 1791-1799.
  • Yücel, E., Yücel, Y., & Beleli, B. (2015). Optimization of synthesis conditions of PbS thin films grown by chemical bath deposition using response surface methodology. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 642, 63-69.
  • Yücel, E., Yücel, Y., & Beleli, B. (2015). Process optimization of deposition conditions of PbS thin films grown by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method using response surface methodology. Journal of Crystal Growth, 422, 1-7.
  • Martucci, A., Fick, J., Leblanc, S.E., Locascio, M., & Hache, A. (2004). Optical properties of PbS quantum dot doped sol-gel films. J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 345, 639-642.
  • Akhtar, J., Afzaal, M., Vincent, M.A., Burton, N.A., Hillier, I.H., & O’Brien, P. (2011). Low temperature CVD growth of PbS films on plastic substrates. Chem. Commun., 47, 1991-1993.
  • Sharon, M., Ramaiah, K.S., Kumar, M., Neumann-Spallart, M., & Levy-Clement, C. (2011). Electrodeposition of lead sulphide in acidic medium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 66, 265-269.
  • Kumar, S., Sharma, T.P., Zulfequar, M., & Husain, M. (2003). Characterization of vacuum evaporated PbS thin films. Physica B, 325, 8-16.
  • Rebhi, A., Hajjaji, A., Leblanc-Lavoie, J., Aouida, S., Gaidi, M., Bessais, B., & El Khakani, M.A. (2021). Effect of the Helium Background Gas Pressure on the Structural and Optoelectronic Properties of Pulsed-Laser Deposited PbS Thin Films. Nanomaterials, 11, 1254.
  • Paulraj, K., Ramaswamy, S., Yahia, I.S., Alshehri A.M., Somaily H.H., Kim, H.S., & Kathalingam, A. (2020). Praseodymium doped PbS thin films for optoelectronic applications prepared by nebulizer spray pyrolysis. Appl. Phys. A, 126, 503.
  • Nikam, S.S., Suryawanshi, M.P., Gaikwad, M.A., Kim J.H., & Moholkar A.V. (2017). Photoelectrochemical performance of surfactant (polyvinyl alcohol) assisted PbS thin films grown by chemical route. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron, 28, 5165-5173.
  • Bakshi, M.S. (2016). How Surfactants Control Crystal Growth of Nanomaterials. Cryst. Growth Des., 16, 1104-1133.
  • You, Q., Cai, H., Hu, Z., Liang, P., Prucnal, S., Zhou, S., Sun, J., Xu, N., & Wu, J. (2015). Blue shift in absorption edge and widening of band gap of O by Al doping and Al-N co-doping. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 644, 528-53.
  • Khan, A.W., Ahmad, S., Hassan, M.M., & Naqvi, A.H. (2014). Structural phase analysis, band gap tuning and fluorescence properties of Co doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Opt. Mater. 38, 278-285.
  • Yücel Y., & Yücel E. (2018). Synthesis and characterization of lead sulfide thin films by coumarin assisted CBD method. Optik, 164, 263-270.
  • Yücel Y., & Yücel E. (2018). Modification of Morphological, Structural and Optical Properties of CBD-Based Growth of PbS Films on Glass Substrates by Addition of Saccharin. Süleyman Demirel University Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 22, 134-140.
  • Vanalakar S.A., Suryawanshi M.P., Mali V., Moholkar A.V., Kim J.Y., Patil P.S., & Kim J.H. (2014) Simplistic surface active agents mediated morphological tweaking of CdS thin films for photoelectrochemical solar cell performance. Curr. Appl. Phys., 14, 1669-1676.
  • Zhang L., & Xiang Y. (2018) Motion of grain boundaries incorporating dislocation structure. J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 117, 157-178.
  • Zhuang M.X., Wei A.X., Zhao Y., Liu J., Yan Z.Q., & Liu Z. (2015) Morphology-controlled growth of special nanostructure CuInS2 thin films on an FTO substrate and their application in thin film solar cells International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40, 806-814.
  • Zhang L., Jiang J., Wang W., Huang X., Yuan Q., Hong R., & Cha L. (2018) Growth process and properties of CdS thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition at different pH values Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 29, 7637-7643.

Investigation of Physical Properties of PbS Thin Films Containing Surfactant in Different Ratios

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 495 - 504, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1080443

Abstract

In the present study, polycrystalline lead sulfide thin films have been successfully deposited on glass substrates using chemical bath deposition technique in the presence of cocamide diethanolamine. The effects of cocamide diethanolamine used in different ratios on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of PbS thin films were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning probe microscopy (SPM) and UV-visible spectroscopy analyses. From the XRD analysis, it was obtained that the crystal size of the PbS thin films decreased from 12.57 nm to 5.43 nm with the increase in the amount of cocamide diethanolamine additive. In addition, the microstrain and dislocation density values increased depending on the amount of cocamide diethanolamine additive. SEM analysis shows that cocamide diethanolamine additive affects the surface morphology of nanostructured PbS thin films. SPM analysis showed that the surface roughness values of the thin films increased with the increase of cocamide diethanolamine additive. By UV-visible spectroscopy analysis, it was obtained that the optical transmittance value of the PbS thin film increased approximately 3 times at the amount of 1% cocamide diethanolamine additive. In addition, the optical band gap values of PbS thin films increased from 1.87 eV to 2.53 eV depending on the amount of cocamide diethanolamine.

References

  • Yücel, E. (2019). Using of CAPB as a surfactant to improve the surface morphology and optical features of PbS films. Superlattices and Microstructures, 135, 106287.
  • Yücel, E., & Yücel, Y. (2017). Fabrication and characterization of Sr-doped PbS thin films grown by CBD. Ceramics International, 43, 407-413.
  • Shu, L.L., Guang T.F., Shao H.X.,& Xu D.G. (2021). High-performance visible-near IR photodetectors based on high-quality Sn2+-sensitized PbS films. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 883, 160860.
  • Patil, S.V., Deshmukh, P.R., & Lokhande, C.D. (2011). Fabrication and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) sensing performance of p-polyaniline/n-PbS heterojunctionat room temperature. Sensors and Actuators B, 156, 450-455.
  • Patel, J., Mighri, F., Ajji, A., Tiwari, D., & Chaudhuri, T.K. (2014). Spin-coating deposition of PbS and CdS thin films for solar cell application. Appl. Phys. A, 117, 1791-1799.
  • Yücel, E., Yücel, Y., & Beleli, B. (2015). Optimization of synthesis conditions of PbS thin films grown by chemical bath deposition using response surface methodology. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 642, 63-69.
  • Yücel, E., Yücel, Y., & Beleli, B. (2015). Process optimization of deposition conditions of PbS thin films grown by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) method using response surface methodology. Journal of Crystal Growth, 422, 1-7.
  • Martucci, A., Fick, J., Leblanc, S.E., Locascio, M., & Hache, A. (2004). Optical properties of PbS quantum dot doped sol-gel films. J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 345, 639-642.
  • Akhtar, J., Afzaal, M., Vincent, M.A., Burton, N.A., Hillier, I.H., & O’Brien, P. (2011). Low temperature CVD growth of PbS films on plastic substrates. Chem. Commun., 47, 1991-1993.
  • Sharon, M., Ramaiah, K.S., Kumar, M., Neumann-Spallart, M., & Levy-Clement, C. (2011). Electrodeposition of lead sulphide in acidic medium. J. Electroanal. Chem., 66, 265-269.
  • Kumar, S., Sharma, T.P., Zulfequar, M., & Husain, M. (2003). Characterization of vacuum evaporated PbS thin films. Physica B, 325, 8-16.
  • Rebhi, A., Hajjaji, A., Leblanc-Lavoie, J., Aouida, S., Gaidi, M., Bessais, B., & El Khakani, M.A. (2021). Effect of the Helium Background Gas Pressure on the Structural and Optoelectronic Properties of Pulsed-Laser Deposited PbS Thin Films. Nanomaterials, 11, 1254.
  • Paulraj, K., Ramaswamy, S., Yahia, I.S., Alshehri A.M., Somaily H.H., Kim, H.S., & Kathalingam, A. (2020). Praseodymium doped PbS thin films for optoelectronic applications prepared by nebulizer spray pyrolysis. Appl. Phys. A, 126, 503.
  • Nikam, S.S., Suryawanshi, M.P., Gaikwad, M.A., Kim J.H., & Moholkar A.V. (2017). Photoelectrochemical performance of surfactant (polyvinyl alcohol) assisted PbS thin films grown by chemical route. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron, 28, 5165-5173.
  • Bakshi, M.S. (2016). How Surfactants Control Crystal Growth of Nanomaterials. Cryst. Growth Des., 16, 1104-1133.
  • You, Q., Cai, H., Hu, Z., Liang, P., Prucnal, S., Zhou, S., Sun, J., Xu, N., & Wu, J. (2015). Blue shift in absorption edge and widening of band gap of O by Al doping and Al-N co-doping. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 644, 528-53.
  • Khan, A.W., Ahmad, S., Hassan, M.M., & Naqvi, A.H. (2014). Structural phase analysis, band gap tuning and fluorescence properties of Co doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Opt. Mater. 38, 278-285.
  • Yücel Y., & Yücel E. (2018). Synthesis and characterization of lead sulfide thin films by coumarin assisted CBD method. Optik, 164, 263-270.
  • Yücel Y., & Yücel E. (2018). Modification of Morphological, Structural and Optical Properties of CBD-Based Growth of PbS Films on Glass Substrates by Addition of Saccharin. Süleyman Demirel University Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 22, 134-140.
  • Vanalakar S.A., Suryawanshi M.P., Mali V., Moholkar A.V., Kim J.Y., Patil P.S., & Kim J.H. (2014) Simplistic surface active agents mediated morphological tweaking of CdS thin films for photoelectrochemical solar cell performance. Curr. Appl. Phys., 14, 1669-1676.
  • Zhang L., & Xiang Y. (2018) Motion of grain boundaries incorporating dislocation structure. J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 117, 157-178.
  • Zhuang M.X., Wei A.X., Zhao Y., Liu J., Yan Z.Q., & Liu Z. (2015) Morphology-controlled growth of special nanostructure CuInS2 thin films on an FTO substrate and their application in thin film solar cells International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40, 806-814.
  • Zhang L., Jiang J., Wang W., Huang X., Yuan Q., Hong R., & Cha L. (2018) Growth process and properties of CdS thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition at different pH values Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 29, 7637-7643.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ersin Yücel 0000-0001-8179-0179

Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date February 28, 2022
Acceptance Date April 20, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Yücel, E. (2022). Farklı Oranlarda Sürfaktan İçeren PbS İnce Filmlerin Fiziksel Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 495-504. https://doi.org/10.35193/bseufbd.1080443