Türkiye’de Bölgesel Kamu Yatırımlarının Politik, Ekonomik, Kültürel ve Demografik Belirleyicileri

Abstract

Sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmaya doğrudan etki edebilecek kamu yatırımlarını belirleyen temel dinamiklerin ve motivasyon kaynağının tespiti, ulusal ve yerel kalkınma stratejilerinin başarısı için kilit bir role sahiptir. Nitekim kamu yatırımlarını belirleyen faktörlerin anlaşılması, kamu yatırımlarına ayrılması gereken fon miktarının ve öncelenmesi gereken yatırımların tespitinde büyük bir önem arz etmektedir. Bu çerçevede, mevcut çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye örneğinde bölgesel kamu yatırımlarını belirleyen ekonomik, politik, kültürel ve demografik faktörleri, 2004 – 2018 dönemi verilerini kullanarak tespit etmektir. Panel veri analizinden elde edilen bulgular, kişi başına gelirin kamu yatırımları üzerindeki etkisinin pozitif; ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamsız olduğunu göstermektedir. Regresyon sonuçları, istatistiksel etki minimal düzeyde olmak üzere, nüfus yoğunluğunun düşük ve tarımsal üretimin ağırlıkta olduğu illerin kamu yatırımlarını çekmede nispeten daha avantajlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Diğer taraftan, yabancı ziyaretçi sayısının yüksekliği de kamu yatırımlarının artışına etki eden faktörlerden birisi olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ampirik sonuçlar, ayrıca, yüksek temsil oranı ve iktidar partisi milletvekili sayısının kamu yatırımlarını artırdığını göstermekte olup belediye başkanının iktidar partisinden olması ve iktidar partisi oy oranının kamu yatırımları üzerindeki etkisi ise istatistiksel olarak anlamsızdır.

Keywords

• Kamu Yatırımları
• Sabit Etki Modeli
• Bölgesel Yatırımlar

Political, Economic, Cultural, and Demographic Determinants of Regional Public Investments in Türkiye

Abstract

Identifying the main dynamics and motives determining public investments that can directly affect socio-economic development has a key role for the success of national and regional development strategies. Understanding the factors that determine public investments is of great importance in determining the amount of funds that should be allocated to public investments and the investments that should be prioritized. In this context, the aim of this study is to determine the economic, political, cultural, and demographic factors that determine regional public investments in the case of Türkiye, using the data for the period of 2004 – 2018. Findings from panel data analysis show that the effect of income per capita on public investments is positive, but statistically insignificant. Regression results show that provinces with low population density and dependent on agricultural production are relatively more advantageous in attracting public investments, with the statistical effect is minimal. On the other hand, the high number of foreign visitors has also been identified as one of the factors affecting the increase in public investments. The empirical results also show that higher representation in the Parliament and the number of Parliament members from the ruling party increase public investments while the effect of the mayor's being from the ruling party and the voting rate of the ruling party on public investments is statistically insignificant.

Keywords

• Public Investment
• Fixed Effect Model
• Regional Investment

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