Review
BibTex RIS Cite

Infodemiology and Metascience to Prevent Disinformation

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 147 - 153, 20.12.2025

Abstract

There is an enormous amount of data flow through social media and digital networks and the Big-Data has become the most important source of information. Developed data processing techniques and increased use of digital technology enable us to access more data to process more reliable information. However, the same developments have also led to new safety problems during the provision of healthcare services. Disinformation, misinformation, pseudoscience and non-replicable scientific publications are currently at the forefront of these challenges. While dis(mis)information mainly influences ordinary people, pseudoscience and publications with non-reputable methodology mislead scientists. All need to be managed rigorously for better decision-making processes.
Infodemiology and metascience are two rapidly emerging areas of study in the information age that address some of the most pressing challenges in this regard. By understanding and improving how information is spread and how science is conducted, these fields can help build a healthier, more informed, and scientifically literate society.

Ethical Statement

-

Supporting Institution

-

Thanks

-

References

  • 1. Eysenbach G. Infodemology:  e Epdemology of (Ms)nformaton. Am J Med. 2002; 113:763-5.
  • 2. Eysenbach G. Infodemology and Infovellance: Framework for an Emergng Set of Publ c Health Informatcs Methods to Analyze Search, Communcaton and Publcaton Behav or on the Internet. J Med Internet Res. 2009;11(1): e11.
  • 3. https://www.gov.uk/government/collectons/syndromc-survellance-systems-and-analyses# gp-n-hours-syndromc-survellance-system access: 08 November 2025.
  • 4. https://www.cdc.gov/nssp/php/about/ndex.html#cdc_program_profle_program_mpact- syndromc-survellance access: 08 November 2025.
  • 5. Eysenbach G. Infodemology: trackng  u-related searches on the web for syndromc survellance. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2006:244-8.
  • 6. WHO publc health research agenda for managng nfodemcs. Geneva: World Health Organzaton; 2021. Lcence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  • 7. Ioannds JPA, Fanell D, Dunne DD, Goodman SN. Meta-research: Evaluaton and Improvement of Research Methods and Practces. PLOS Bology. 2015;13 (10): e1002264. do:10.1371/journal.pbo.1002264.
  • 8. Schor S, Karten I. Statstcal Evaluaton of Medcal Journal Manuscrpts. JAMA. 1966;195(13):1123–1128. do:10.1001/jama.1966.03100130097026.
  • 9. Pashler H, Wagenmakers E. Edtors’ Introducton to the Specal Secton on Replcablty n Psychologcal Scence: A Crss of Confdence? Perspectves on Psychologcal Scence. 2012;7(6):528-530. do:10.1177/1745691612465253.
  • 10. Munafò MR, Nosek BA, Bshop DVM, Button KS, Chambers CD, du Sert NP, et al. A manfesto for reproducble scence. Nat Hum Behav. 2017;1, 0021. do: https://do. org/10.1038/s41562-016-0021
  • 11. McGee RG, Dawson AC. Fake news and fake research: Why meta-research matters more than ever. J Paedatr Chld Health. 2020 Dec;56(12):1868-1871. do: 10.1111/jpc.15237.
  • 12. Fanell D. How many scentsts fabrcate and falsfy research? A systematc revew and meta-analyss of survey data. PLoS One. 2009 May 29;4(5): e5738. do: 10.1371/journal. pone.0005738.
  • 13. Mathur MB, Fox MP. Toward Open and Reproducble Epdemology, Amercan Journal of Epdemology, 2023;192(4): 658–664, https://do.org/10.1093/aje/kwad007
  • 14. Nosek BA, Hardwcke TE, Moshontz H, et al. Replcablty, robustness, and reproducb- lty n psychologcal scence. Annu Rev Psychol. 2022; 73:719–748.
  • 15. Ioannds JPA, Klavans R, Boyack KW.  e scentsts who publsh a paper every fve days. Nature, 2018;561:167-69.
  • 16. Ioannds JPA. Prolfc non-research authors n hgh mpact scentfc journals: meta-research study. Scentometrcs. 2023;128(5):3171-3184. do: 10.1007/s11192-023-04687-5.
  • 17. Wager E, Snghv S, Klenert S. Too much of a good thng? An observatonal study of prolfc authors. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1154 https://do.org/10.7717/peerj.1154.
  • 18. Vnater C, Ho mann S, Patel C, DeVto NJ, Crstea IA, Terney B, Ioannds JPA, Naudet F. What s the vbraton of e ects? BMJ Evd Based Med. 2024 Jul 12:bmjebm- 2023-112747. do: 10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112747.
  • 19. Chlders CP, Maggard-Gbbons M. Same data, opposte results?: a call to mprove surg- cal database research. JAMA Surg 2021; 156:219–20.
  • 20. Felds AC, Lu P, Palenzuela DL, et al. Does retreval bag use durng laparoscopc appendectomy reduce postoperatve nfecton. Surgery 2019; 165:953–7.
  • 21. Turner SA, Jung HS, Scarborough JE. Utlzaton of a specmen retreval bag durng laparoscopc appendectomy for both uncomplcated and complcated appendcts s not assocated wth a decrease n postoperatve surgcal ste nfecton rates. Surgery 2019; 165:1199–202.
  • 22. Ioannds JPA, Manads Z. Quanttatve research assessment: usng metrcs aganst gamed metrcs. Intern Emerg Med 2024;19: 39–47. https://do.org/10.1007/s11739-023- 03447-w References

Yanıltıcı Bilgi ile Mücadelede İnfodemiyoloji ve Meta-Bilim

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 147 - 153, 20.12.2025

Abstract

Sosyal medya ve dijital ağlar üzerinden akmakta olan muazzam miktardaki veri akışına bağlı olarak Büyük Veri en önemli bilgi kaynağı haline gelmiştir. Gelişmiş veri işleme teknikleri ve dijital teknolojinin artan kullanımı ise daha fazla veriye erişerek daha güvenilir bilgileri işleyebilmemizi sağlamaktadır. Ancak, aynı gelişmeler sağlık hizmetlerinin sunumu sırasında yeni güvenlik sorunlarına da yol açmıştır. Dezenformasyon, yanlış bilgi, sahte bilim ve tekrarlanamayan bilimsel yayınlar şu anda bu sorunların başında yer almaktadır. Dezenformasyon öncelikle sıradan insanları etkilemekte, sahte bilim ve güvenilir olmayan yöntemler içeren yayınlar bilim insanlarını yanıltmaktadır. Daha iyi karar alma süreçleri için tüm bunların titizlikle yönetilmesi gerekmektedir.
Infodemioloji ve metabilim, bilgi çağında bu konuda en acil sorunların bazılarını ele alan, hızla gelişen iki çalışma alanıdır. Bilginin nasıl yayıldığını ve bilimin nasıl yürütüldüğünü anlamak ve iyileştirmek için gerekli olan bu alanlar daha sağlıklı, daha bilgili ve bilimsel açıdan daha okuryazar bir toplumun oluşturulmasına katkı sağlayacaktır.

Ethical Statement

-

Supporting Institution

-

Thanks

-

References

  • 1. Eysenbach G. Infodemology:  e Epdemology of (Ms)nformaton. Am J Med. 2002; 113:763-5.
  • 2. Eysenbach G. Infodemology and Infovellance: Framework for an Emergng Set of Publ c Health Informatcs Methods to Analyze Search, Communcaton and Publcaton Behav or on the Internet. J Med Internet Res. 2009;11(1): e11.
  • 3. https://www.gov.uk/government/collectons/syndromc-survellance-systems-and-analyses# gp-n-hours-syndromc-survellance-system access: 08 November 2025.
  • 4. https://www.cdc.gov/nssp/php/about/ndex.html#cdc_program_profle_program_mpact- syndromc-survellance access: 08 November 2025.
  • 5. Eysenbach G. Infodemology: trackng  u-related searches on the web for syndromc survellance. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2006:244-8.
  • 6. WHO publc health research agenda for managng nfodemcs. Geneva: World Health Organzaton; 2021. Lcence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  • 7. Ioannds JPA, Fanell D, Dunne DD, Goodman SN. Meta-research: Evaluaton and Improvement of Research Methods and Practces. PLOS Bology. 2015;13 (10): e1002264. do:10.1371/journal.pbo.1002264.
  • 8. Schor S, Karten I. Statstcal Evaluaton of Medcal Journal Manuscrpts. JAMA. 1966;195(13):1123–1128. do:10.1001/jama.1966.03100130097026.
  • 9. Pashler H, Wagenmakers E. Edtors’ Introducton to the Specal Secton on Replcablty n Psychologcal Scence: A Crss of Confdence? Perspectves on Psychologcal Scence. 2012;7(6):528-530. do:10.1177/1745691612465253.
  • 10. Munafò MR, Nosek BA, Bshop DVM, Button KS, Chambers CD, du Sert NP, et al. A manfesto for reproducble scence. Nat Hum Behav. 2017;1, 0021. do: https://do. org/10.1038/s41562-016-0021
  • 11. McGee RG, Dawson AC. Fake news and fake research: Why meta-research matters more than ever. J Paedatr Chld Health. 2020 Dec;56(12):1868-1871. do: 10.1111/jpc.15237.
  • 12. Fanell D. How many scentsts fabrcate and falsfy research? A systematc revew and meta-analyss of survey data. PLoS One. 2009 May 29;4(5): e5738. do: 10.1371/journal. pone.0005738.
  • 13. Mathur MB, Fox MP. Toward Open and Reproducble Epdemology, Amercan Journal of Epdemology, 2023;192(4): 658–664, https://do.org/10.1093/aje/kwad007
  • 14. Nosek BA, Hardwcke TE, Moshontz H, et al. Replcablty, robustness, and reproducb- lty n psychologcal scence. Annu Rev Psychol. 2022; 73:719–748.
  • 15. Ioannds JPA, Klavans R, Boyack KW.  e scentsts who publsh a paper every fve days. Nature, 2018;561:167-69.
  • 16. Ioannds JPA. Prolfc non-research authors n hgh mpact scentfc journals: meta-research study. Scentometrcs. 2023;128(5):3171-3184. do: 10.1007/s11192-023-04687-5.
  • 17. Wager E, Snghv S, Klenert S. Too much of a good thng? An observatonal study of prolfc authors. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1154 https://do.org/10.7717/peerj.1154.
  • 18. Vnater C, Ho mann S, Patel C, DeVto NJ, Crstea IA, Terney B, Ioannds JPA, Naudet F. What s the vbraton of e ects? BMJ Evd Based Med. 2024 Jul 12:bmjebm- 2023-112747. do: 10.1136/bmjebm-2023-112747.
  • 19. Chlders CP, Maggard-Gbbons M. Same data, opposte results?: a call to mprove surg- cal database research. JAMA Surg 2021; 156:219–20.
  • 20. Felds AC, Lu P, Palenzuela DL, et al. Does retreval bag use durng laparoscopc appendectomy reduce postoperatve nfecton. Surgery 2019; 165:953–7.
  • 21. Turner SA, Jung HS, Scarborough JE. Utlzaton of a specmen retreval bag durng laparoscopc appendectomy for both uncomplcated and complcated appendcts s not assocated wth a decrease n postoperatve surgcal ste nfecton rates. Surgery 2019; 165:1199–202.
  • 22. Ioannds JPA, Manads Z. Quanttatve research assessment: usng metrcs aganst gamed metrcs. Intern Emerg Med 2024;19: 39–47. https://do.org/10.1007/s11739-023- 03447-w References
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Digital Health
Journal Section Review
Authors

Osman Hayran 0000-0002-9994-5033

Submission Date November 9, 2025
Acceptance Date November 20, 2025
Early Pub Date December 15, 2025
Publication Date December 20, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

AMA Hayran O. Infodemiology and Metascience to Prevent Disinformation. J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. December 2025;9(3):147-153. doi:10.34084/bshr.1820357

Journal of Biotechnology and Strategic Health Research