Sağlık ve Hastalıkta Oral Kavite Mikrobiyotası

Abstract

İnsan oral kavitesi; dişler, dişetleri, dil, yumuşak ve sert damak gibi farklı anatomik özelliklere sahip zengin bir habitat içerir. Oral mikrobiyota; bakteri, fungus, virüs ve ark’lardan oluşan bu habitatlarda yerleşim gösteren mikroorganizma topluluğudur. Bu mikroorganizmaların her birinin tek başlarına önemli rolleri vardır ancak birbirleriyle ve konakla da ciddi etkileşime girmektedirler. Bu derlemede, oral mikrobiyota elemanlarının oral kaviteye nasıl yerleştikleri ve konakla yaşam boyunca girdikleri dinamik etkileşimin yanı sıra, Oral kavitenin başlıca hastalıklarından, diş çürüğü, periodontal hastalıklar gibi durumlarda mikrobiyotanın etkisi ve değişiminden bahsedilmiştir. Oral mikrobiyotanın zengin yapısı sadece ağız hastalıkları ile sınırlı kalmaz aynı zamanda diabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar ve kanser gibi popülasyonun çok büyük bir bölümünü etkileyen sistemik ve metabolik hastalıkların etyolojik ve patofizyolojik mekanizmalarında önemli etkileri mevcuttur. Oral mikrobiyotanın kolonizasyonu, birbirleriyle ve konakla ilişkileri, oral ve sistemik sağlık ve hastalıklardaki değişimleri, hastalıkların etiyolojisi ve mekanizmalarının anlaşılmasında ve tedavilerinde kilit öneme sahip olabilir.

Keywords

• Oral Mikrobiyota,Oral Ekosistem,Ağız Hastalıkları

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