Microbiota and Neurodegeneration

Year 2017, - Mikrobiyota, 115 - 122, 15.11.2017

Aybala Neslihan Alagöz

Abstract

Human gut contains microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses; and microbiota refers to all of the special species that live with people. For many unhealthy microbiota; which may develop as a result of internal and external factors; the term ‘’dysbiosis’’ is used. The brain and gut may be connected with various ways including the metabolic processes of the enteric nervous system (ENS), the vagus nerve, the immune system, or the intestinal microorganisms. In the case of dysbiosis; the changes developing in these tracts may contribute to the development of many neurological diseases such as neurodegeneration, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD). Clarifying the relationship between gut-brain axis and neurodegeneration is crucial for development of treatment strategies such as prebiotics, probiotics and diet interventions and fecal transplantation.

Keywords

Microbiota, Neurodegeneration, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD)

Mikrobiyota ve Nörodejenerasyon

Abstract

İnsan bağırsağı; bakteriler, mantarlar, parazitler ve virüsler gibi çeşitli mikroorganizmaları içerir ve mikrobiyota; insanlarla birlikte yaşayan özel türlerin tamamını ifade eder. Pekçok iç ve dış etken sonucu gelişebilen sağlıksız mikrobiyota için, “disbiyozis” terimi kullanılmaktadır. Beyin ve bağırsak; enterik sinir sistemi (ESS), vagus siniri, immün sistem veya bağırsak mikroorganizma-larının metabolik süreçleri de dahil olmak üzere çeşitli yollarla bağlanabilir. Disbiyozis durumunda, bu yollarda gelişen değişiklikler; nörodejenerasyonun, Alzheimer hastalığı (AH), Parkinson hastalığı (PH) gibi birçok nörolojik hastalığın gelşmine katkıda bulunabilir. Bağırsak-beyin aksı ve nörodejenerasyon arasındaki ilişkinin açıklığa kavuşması; prebiyotikler, probiyotikler ve diyet müdaheleleri, fekal transplantasyon gibi tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi açısından önem arz etmektedir.

Keywords

Mikrobiyota, Nörodejenerasyon, Alzheimer hastalığı (AH), Parkinson hastalığı (PH).

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