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Farklı Temporomandibular Eklem Hastalıklarında Klinik Bulguların Karşılaştırılması: Bir Gözlemsel Çalışma

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 99 - 106, 31.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.1691204

Abstract

Amaç:
Temporomandibular eklem bozuklukları (TMB), temporomandibular eklemi (TME), çiğneme kaslarını ve ilişkili yapıları etkileyen, sıklıkla şiddetli ağrı ve fonksiyonel kısıtlılıklara yol açan karmaşık hastalıklardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üç farklı TMB alt grubunda (osteoartrit [OA], redüksiyonlu disk deplasmanı (DDRlu), redüksiyonsuz disk deplasmanı (DDRsuz) ve Bruksizmde klinik bulguları karşılaştırmak, ayrıca bu gruplarda tinnitusun prevalansını ve karakteristik özelliklerini değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem:
Primer tanısı OA, DDRlu, DDRsuz veya Bruksizm olan toplam 97 hasta üzerinde retrospektif kesitsel bir çalışma gerçekleştirildi. Değerlendirilen klinik parametreler arasında günlük aktivitelerde bozulma, çiğneme sırasında ağrı ve çiğneme etkinliği, eklem sesleri, kas palpasyon skorları, maksimum ağız açıklığı ve tinnitus varlığı yer aldı. Veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi.

Bulgular:
DDRsuz hastalarında günlük aktivitede bozulma, çiğneme ağrısı ve azalmış maksimum ağız açıklığı en yüksek seviyede bulundu. Bruksizm hastaları ise en yüksek masseter palpasyon skorları ve tinnitus prevalansına sahipti. Eklem sesleri en belirgin olarak DDRlu grubunda gözlenirken, OA hastaları göreceli olarak daha hafif semptomlar gösterdi. Gruplar arasında temporal kas palpasyon skorları açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı.

Sonuç:
Bu çalışma, farklı TMB alt tipleri ile bruksizmin klinik bulgular üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmekte ve bu hastalıkların kendine özgü semptom profillerini ve ortak özelliklerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bulgular, TMB tanı ve tedavi süreçlerinde bireyselleştirilmiş yaklaşımların önemini vurgulamaktadır. Özellikle Bruksizm ve tinnitus arasındaki ilişki ile DDRsuz’un günlük yaşam aktiviteleri üzerindeki belirgin etkisi, daha hedeflenmiş tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayabilir. Bu tür çalışmaların geliştirilmesi, klinisyenlerin hastaların ihtiyaçlarına daha uygun ve etkili çözümler sunmasına yardımcı olacaktır.

Ethical Statement

Çalışma, Helsinki Deklarasyonu'na uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve Harran Üniversitesi Klinik Araştırmalar Etik Kurulu tarafından HRU/24.19.23 protokol kodu ile onaylanmıştır.

Supporting Institution

None

References

  • Yildiz S, Balel Y, Tumer MK. Evaluation of prevalence of temporomandibular disorders based on DC / TMD Axis I diagnosis in Turkish population and correlation with Axis II. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2023;124:101303.
  • Polat ME, Yanik S. Efficiency of arthrocentesis treatment for different temporomandibular joint disorders. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;49:621-627.
  • Lu S, Cai B, Liu L, et al. Inter-examiner reliability of the Chinese version of Axis I diagnoses of the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders. Cranio. 2024;42:513-518.
  • Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, et al. Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) for clinical and research applications: recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group. J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2014;28(1): 6.
  • Hinaz N, Kumar MPS. Evaluation of clinical features in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. Int J Dent Oral Sci. 2021;8:2809–2815.
  • Koh H, Robinson PG. Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31:287–292.
  • Hentschel K, Capobianco DJ, Dodick DW. Facial Pain. Neurologist. 2005;11:244–249.
  • Didier HA, Cappellari AM, Sessa F, et al. Somatosensory tinnitus and temporomandibular disorders: A common association. J Oral Rehabil. 2023;50:1181-1184.
  • Miyamoto-Aldave TH, Asmat-Abanto AS, Ulloa-Cueva DM, et al. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in relation to tinnitus in Peruvian patients: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Exp Dent. 2024;16:e448–e454.
  • Mejersjö C, Pauli N. Ear symptoms in patients with orofacial pain and dysfunction - An explorative study on different TMD symptoms, occlusion and habits. J Clin Exp Dent Res. 2021;7:1167–1174.
  • Lei J, Yap AU, Li Y. et al. Clinical protocol for managing acute disc displacement without reduction: a magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020; 49(3): 361–368.
  • Alketbi N, W Talaat. Prevalence and characteristics of referred pain in patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorders according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. F1000Res. 2022; 11: 656.
  • Öhrnell Malekzadeh B, Johansson Cahlin B. Widmark, G. Conservative therapy versus arthrocentesis for the treatment of symptomatic disk displacement without reduction: a prospective randomized controlled study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2019; 128: 18–24.
  • Kraus S, J Prodoehl. Outcomes and patient satisfaction following individualized physical therapy treatment for patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disc displacement without reduction with limited opening: A cross-sectional study. Cranio. 2019; 37: 20–27.
  • Mainieri VC, Saueressig AC, Fagondes SC. et al. Analysis of the Effects of a Mandibular Advancement Device on Sleep Bruxism Using Polysomnography, the BiteStrip, the Sleep Assessment Questionnaire, and Occlusal Force. Int J Prosthodont. 2014; 27: 119–126.
  • Fernandes G, Siqueira JT, Godoi Gonçalves DA. Camparis, C.M.; Association between painful temporomandibular disorders, sleep bruxism and tinnitus. Braz Oral Res. 2014; 28: S1806-83242014000100220.

Comparison of Clinical Findings in Different Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: An Observational Study

Year 2025, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 99 - 106, 31.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.34084/bshr.1691204

Abstract

Aim:
Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are complex disorders affecting the temporomandibu-lar joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles and related structures, often causing severe pain and func-tional limitations. This study aims to compare clinical findings among three different TMD sub-typesosteoarthritis (OA), disc displacement with reduction (DDWR), disc displacement without reduction (DDWoR) and bruxism and to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of tinnitus in these groups.
Material and Method:
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 97 patients with primary diagnoses of OA, DDWR, DDWoR or Bruxism. Clinical parameters evaluated included impairment in daily activities, masticatory pain and efficiency, joint sounds, muscle palpation scores, maximal mouth opening and presence of tinnitus. Data were statistically analyzed by accepting the significance level as p<0.05.
Results:
DDWoR patients showed the highest levels of impairment in daily activities, chewing pain, and decreased maximal mouth opening. Bruxism patients had the highest masseter palpation scores and tinnitus prevalence. Joint sounds were most prominent in the DDWR group, while OA pa-tients showed relatively milder symptoms. No significant difference was found between the groups in temporal palpation scores.
Conclusion:
This study evaluates the effects of different TMD subtypes and bruxism on clinical findings, re-vealing the unique symptom profiles and common features of these diseases. The findings empha-size the importance of individualized approaches in TMD diagnosis and treatment processes. In particular, the relationship between bruxism and tinnitus and the significant effect of DDWoR on daily life activities may contribute to the development of more targeted treatment strategies. The development of such studies will help clinicians provide more appropriate and effective solutions to the needs of patients.

Ethical Statement

The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Harran University with a protocol code HRU/24.19.23.

Supporting Institution

none

References

  • Yildiz S, Balel Y, Tumer MK. Evaluation of prevalence of temporomandibular disorders based on DC / TMD Axis I diagnosis in Turkish population and correlation with Axis II. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2023;124:101303.
  • Polat ME, Yanik S. Efficiency of arthrocentesis treatment for different temporomandibular joint disorders. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;49:621-627.
  • Lu S, Cai B, Liu L, et al. Inter-examiner reliability of the Chinese version of Axis I diagnoses of the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders. Cranio. 2024;42:513-518.
  • Schiffman E, Ohrbach R, Truelove E, et al. Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD) for clinical and research applications: recommendations of the International RDC/TMD Consortium Network and Orofacial Pain Special Interest Group. J Oral Facial Pain Headache. 2014;28(1): 6.
  • Hinaz N, Kumar MPS. Evaluation of clinical features in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. Int J Dent Oral Sci. 2021;8:2809–2815.
  • Koh H, Robinson PG. Occlusal adjustment for treating and preventing temporomandibular joint disorders. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31:287–292.
  • Hentschel K, Capobianco DJ, Dodick DW. Facial Pain. Neurologist. 2005;11:244–249.
  • Didier HA, Cappellari AM, Sessa F, et al. Somatosensory tinnitus and temporomandibular disorders: A common association. J Oral Rehabil. 2023;50:1181-1184.
  • Miyamoto-Aldave TH, Asmat-Abanto AS, Ulloa-Cueva DM, et al. Temporomandibular joint dysfunction in relation to tinnitus in Peruvian patients: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Exp Dent. 2024;16:e448–e454.
  • Mejersjö C, Pauli N. Ear symptoms in patients with orofacial pain and dysfunction - An explorative study on different TMD symptoms, occlusion and habits. J Clin Exp Dent Res. 2021;7:1167–1174.
  • Lei J, Yap AU, Li Y. et al. Clinical protocol for managing acute disc displacement without reduction: a magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020; 49(3): 361–368.
  • Alketbi N, W Talaat. Prevalence and characteristics of referred pain in patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorders according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. F1000Res. 2022; 11: 656.
  • Öhrnell Malekzadeh B, Johansson Cahlin B. Widmark, G. Conservative therapy versus arthrocentesis for the treatment of symptomatic disk displacement without reduction: a prospective randomized controlled study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2019; 128: 18–24.
  • Kraus S, J Prodoehl. Outcomes and patient satisfaction following individualized physical therapy treatment for patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disc displacement without reduction with limited opening: A cross-sectional study. Cranio. 2019; 37: 20–27.
  • Mainieri VC, Saueressig AC, Fagondes SC. et al. Analysis of the Effects of a Mandibular Advancement Device on Sleep Bruxism Using Polysomnography, the BiteStrip, the Sleep Assessment Questionnaire, and Occlusal Force. Int J Prosthodont. 2014; 27: 119–126.
  • Fernandes G, Siqueira JT, Godoi Gonçalves DA. Camparis, C.M.; Association between painful temporomandibular disorders, sleep bruxism and tinnitus. Braz Oral Res. 2014; 28: S1806-83242014000100220.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Dentistry (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mehmet Emrah Polat 0000-0002-3249-1997

Early Pub Date September 10, 2025
Publication Date August 31, 2025
Submission Date May 4, 2025
Acceptance Date May 13, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

AMA Polat ME. Comparison of Clinical Findings in Different Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: An Observational Study. J Biotechnol and Strategic Health Res. August 2025;9(2):99-106. doi:10.34084/bshr.1691204

Journal of Biotechnology and Strategic Health Research