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A Viewpoint toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 37 - 51, 01.07.2018

Abstract

Two main goals of
sustainable development are increasing capabilities of human race and expansion
of people choices in their lives. Despite the increasing awareness of the great
potentials of women in development, women all over developing countries still face
the age-old problems of neglect, inequality, lack of access to productive
resources and dependency on men. It is sad to note that despite the level of
civilization in the world, gender inequality and disparities between men and
women are still prominent in many developing countries. Empowerment is a
process in each woman’s life but is also a process occurring over time in a
society. Rural women cooperatives are the main local based organizations for
empowering female gender in villages of Iran that had very successful
performances during last two decades. In this article, author investigated
various aspects of empowerment rural women by these cooperatives in
South-Khorasan province, east of Iran, with emphasizing on their current
empowerment situations and problems and finally present approaches for
bettering them. For achieving this purpose, after a wide literature review in
related contexts in world and Iran, author did a broad field research work
during 2014 – 2016 on rural women cooperatives of South Khorasan province. The
research design used for this study was a descriptive-analytical method. The
population for the study consisted of the managers and the board of directors
of these rural women cooperatives in 2014 – 2016 (about 120 rural women). Data
gathering method in this study was census. Main instrument for data collection
was questionnaire. In addition, qualitative research methods of data collection
such as participation, discussion, interviewing, documentations and observation
were been used. In the end, presented ways and approaches that we must do for
strengthening empowerment of rural women.

References

  • Adedayo AG, Oyun MB, Kadeba O. 2010. Access of rural women to forest resources and its impact on rural household welfare in North Central Nigeria. Forest Policy Econ, 12: 439–450.
  • Anthopoulou T. 2010. Rural women in local agrofood production: Between entrepreneurial initiatives and family strategies. A case study in Greece. J Rural Stud, 26: 394-403.
  • Bakhsh M, Neumann CG, Paolisso M, Trostle RM, Jansen AAJ. 2009. The influence of reproductive status on rural Kenyan women’s time use. Sm Ser Med, 39 (3): 345-354.
  • Behara SR, Niranjan K. 2012. Rural women entrepreneurship in Indian. Inter J Comp Engin Manag, 15(6): 6-15.
  • Berhane Y, Gossaye Y, Emmelin M, Hogber U. 2001. Women’s health in a rural setting in societal transition in Ethiopia. Soc Sci Med, 53: 1525–1539.
  • Bhuiyaa A, Chowdhury M. 2002. Beneficial effects of a woman-focused development programme on child survival: evidence from rural Bangladesh. Soc Sci Med, 55: 1553–1560.
  • Dlodlo N. 2009. Access to ICT education for girls and women in rural South Africa: A case study. Technol Soc, 31: 168–175.
  • Erman T, Kalaycıoglu S, Rittersberger-Tılıc H. 2002. Money-earning activities and empowerment experiences of rural migrant women in the city: the case of Turkey. Women’s Stud Inter Forum, 25(4): 395 – 410.
  • Fartyal S, Rathore S. 2014. Gender differences in decision making pattern of hill vegetables growers. Indian Res J Ext Edu, 14(2): 123-126.
  • Ghaderi Z, Henderson JC. 2012. Sustainable rural tourism in Iran: A perspective from Hawraman village. Tourism Manag Perspect, 2-3: 47–54.
  • Golmohammadi F. 2011. Applying (ICTs) for entrepreneurship and empowering of rural women. J Inform Technol Agri, 4(1): 115.
  • Golmohammadi F, Honari Y. 2016. Rural women cooperative and its development impacts in Khorashad village, Birjand in South Khorasan province - east of Iran. Indian Res J Exten Edu, 16 (1): 61-67.
  • Jacob ME, Abraham S, Surya S, Minz S, Singh D, Abraham V, Jacob K. 2006. A community health programme in rural Tamil Nadu, India: the need for gender justice for women. Reprod Health Matters, 14(27): 101–108.
Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 37 - 51, 01.07.2018

Abstract

References

  • Adedayo AG, Oyun MB, Kadeba O. 2010. Access of rural women to forest resources and its impact on rural household welfare in North Central Nigeria. Forest Policy Econ, 12: 439–450.
  • Anthopoulou T. 2010. Rural women in local agrofood production: Between entrepreneurial initiatives and family strategies. A case study in Greece. J Rural Stud, 26: 394-403.
  • Bakhsh M, Neumann CG, Paolisso M, Trostle RM, Jansen AAJ. 2009. The influence of reproductive status on rural Kenyan women’s time use. Sm Ser Med, 39 (3): 345-354.
  • Behara SR, Niranjan K. 2012. Rural women entrepreneurship in Indian. Inter J Comp Engin Manag, 15(6): 6-15.
  • Berhane Y, Gossaye Y, Emmelin M, Hogber U. 2001. Women’s health in a rural setting in societal transition in Ethiopia. Soc Sci Med, 53: 1525–1539.
  • Bhuiyaa A, Chowdhury M. 2002. Beneficial effects of a woman-focused development programme on child survival: evidence from rural Bangladesh. Soc Sci Med, 55: 1553–1560.
  • Dlodlo N. 2009. Access to ICT education for girls and women in rural South Africa: A case study. Technol Soc, 31: 168–175.
  • Erman T, Kalaycıoglu S, Rittersberger-Tılıc H. 2002. Money-earning activities and empowerment experiences of rural migrant women in the city: the case of Turkey. Women’s Stud Inter Forum, 25(4): 395 – 410.
  • Fartyal S, Rathore S. 2014. Gender differences in decision making pattern of hill vegetables growers. Indian Res J Ext Edu, 14(2): 123-126.
  • Ghaderi Z, Henderson JC. 2012. Sustainable rural tourism in Iran: A perspective from Hawraman village. Tourism Manag Perspect, 2-3: 47–54.
  • Golmohammadi F. 2011. Applying (ICTs) for entrepreneurship and empowering of rural women. J Inform Technol Agri, 4(1): 115.
  • Golmohammadi F, Honari Y. 2016. Rural women cooperative and its development impacts in Khorashad village, Birjand in South Khorasan province - east of Iran. Indian Res J Exten Edu, 16 (1): 61-67.
  • Jacob ME, Abraham S, Surya S, Minz S, Singh D, Abraham V, Jacob K. 2006. A community health programme in rural Tamil Nadu, India: the need for gender justice for women. Reprod Health Matters, 14(27): 101–108.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Farhood Golmohammadı This is me

Publication Date July 1, 2018
Submission Date December 17, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 1 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Golmohammadı, F. (2018). A Viewpoint toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science, 1(2), 37-51.
AMA Golmohammadı F. A Viewpoint toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems. BSJ Pub. Soc. Sci. July 2018;1(2):37-51.
Chicago Golmohammadı, Farhood. “A Viewpoint Toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems”. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science 1, no. 2 (July 2018): 37-51.
EndNote Golmohammadı F (July 1, 2018) A Viewpoint toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science 1 2 37–51.
IEEE F. Golmohammadı, “A Viewpoint toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems”, BSJ Pub. Soc. Sci., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 37–51, 2018.
ISNAD Golmohammadı, Farhood. “A Viewpoint Toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems”. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science 1/2 (July 2018), 37-51.
JAMA Golmohammadı F. A Viewpoint toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems. BSJ Pub. Soc. Sci. 2018;1:37–51.
MLA Golmohammadı, Farhood. “A Viewpoint Toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems”. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science, vol. 1, no. 2, 2018, pp. 37-51.
Vancouver Golmohammadı F. A Viewpoint toward Empowering and Entrepreneurship of Rural Women in Iran: Situations and Problems. BSJ Pub. Soc. Sci. 2018;1(2):37-51.

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