Analysing Parental Efficacy of Care Staff Working in Social Services and Adaptation Problems of Their Children
Abstract
Summary
In this study, it was aimed to analyse the parental efficacy of care staff providing services to children in need of protection in social services and adaptation problems of their children. This study was carried out by using the quantitative research method screening model. It was analyzed whether there was a significant difference between the independent variables and the dependent variable (child adaptation problem and parental self efficacy). Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics [NUTS] made by the European Union Bureau of Statistics was taken into consideration in sample selection. Accordingly, it was decided that the sample representing Turkey would be carried out in the child homes coordination centres in NUTS 2 (26 sub-regions). The inclusion criteria for parents were working as a care staff in child homes in NUTS 2 (26 sub-regions) and having a child between the ages of 2-12 years. The exclusion criteria were that the child had a diagnosis of physical, cognitive, emotional mental disorder and was receiving psychiatric treatment. Permission was obtained from the Ethics Commission of Hacettepe University and the Ministry of Family and Social Services. Purposive sampling method was used and 505 care staff (442 women, 63 men) working in child homes, with at least one child between the ages of 2-12 years in NUTS 2 (26 sub-regions) provinces representing Turkey constituted the sample of the study. Data were collected online with the Child/Parent Information Form, Child Adjustment and Parental Efficacy Scale 2 - 12 Years (CAPES-TR). The scale was developed by Morawska, Sanders, Haslam, Filus, and Fletcher (2014), and the validity and reliability study was conducted by Buran (2015). It was consisting of 27 items and two subscales and factors. The Cronbach's alpha values calculated for the total subscale of child adaptation problems, behavioural problems factor, emotional problems factor and parental self-efficacy subscale of the scale were .90, .89, .69 and .92, respectively. According to the results of the analyses in this study, they were .90, .89, .70 and .96, respectively. Independent Groups t-test and One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used in the analysis of the data. When a significant difference was observed in ANOVA, Tukey's test, one of the "Post Hoc" tests, was analysed to determine which group or groups the difference was from, and 0.05 significance level was accepted. It was determined whether the scale scores differed according to different demographic variables. When the distribution of parents according to their participation rates was analysed, the highest participation rate was in Ankara (22%) and the lowest participation rate was in Balıkesir (0.4%). It was found that 62% of the parents had children between the ages of 7-12 years, 51.7% of them had daughters, 61.6% of them had sufficient level of meeting the emotional needs of their child, 73.5% of them rarely experienced problems with their child, and 71.3% of them had sufficient level of knowledge about child development and education. It was found that 82.2% of the parents did not have psychological problems in the past, 56.6% of them rarely participated in sports activities, 48.5% of them were quite satisfied with their job, 66.3% of them had sufficient level of meeting the emotional needs of the children they are responsible for in child homes, and 79.4% of them rarely had problems with the children they are responsible for in child homes.
As a result of the study, it was found that the scores obtained from CAPES-TR of parents working as care staff differed significantly according to the age of the child, the level of meeting the emotional needs of their child, the frequency of experiencing problems with their child, and the level of knowledge about child development and education, needing psychological support in the past, frequency of participation in sports activities, level of satisfaction with their job, level of meeting the emotional needs of the children they are responsible for in child homes, and frequency of having problems with the children they are responsible for in child homes. (p < 0.05).
As a suggestion it is important to implement training programmes to increase the knowledge and skills of couples who want to become parents about child development and education, and to make legal arrangements for the appointment of a child development specialist to each family, just like in family medicine. In addition, it is recommended that case-based trainings should be provided for parents and practical applications should be made to gain practicality on how to approach healthy adaptation problems, institutional studies should be carried out to increase the work motivation of working parents, and necessary cooperation should be provided for parents to participate in sports activities.
Keywords
Sosyal Hizmetlerde Çalışan Bakım Personelin Ebeveyn Yeterliklerinin ve Çocuklarının Uyum Sorunlarının İncelenmesi
Abstract
Bu araştırmada, sosyal hizmetlerde korunmaya ihtiyacı olan çocuklara hizmet veren bakım personelin ebeveyn yeterliklerinin ve çocuklarının uyum sorunlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmış olup Türkiye’yi temsilen NUTS 2 (26 alt bölge) illerinde, çocuk evlerinde çalışan ve 2-12 yaş arasında en az bir çocuğu bulunan 505 bakım personeli (442 kadın, 63 erkek) çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri Çocuk/Ebeveyn Bilgi Formu, Çocuk Uyumu ve Annebaba Yeterlik Ölçeği 2-12 Yaş (CAPES-TR) ile toplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, bakım personeli olarak çalışan ebeveynlerin CAPES-TR’den aldıkları puanların çocuğunun yaşına, çocuğunun duygusal ihtiyaçlarını karşılama düzeyine, çocuğuyla sorun yaşama sıklığına, çocuk gelişimi ve eğitimi konusunda bilgi düzeyine, geçmişte psikolojik desteğe ihtiyaç duymasına, sportif faaliyetlere katılım sıklığına, yaptığı işten memnuniyet düzeyine, çocuk evlerinde sorumlu olduğu çocukların duygusal ihtiyaçlarını karşılama düzeyine, çocuk evlerinde sorumlu olduğu çocuklarla sorun yaşama sıklığına göre anlamlı bir düzeyde farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir (p<.0.05).
Keywords
Supporting Institution
T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı
Ethical Statement
Araştırma, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Etik Komisyonunun 25.03.2021 tarih ve 1514704 sayılı yazısıyla etik açıdan uygun bulunmuştur.
Thanks
Bu araştırmanın yapılmasına onay veren T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığına; işbirlikleri ve yardımları için Bakanlığa bağlı ilgili 26 İl Müdürlüğü ve Çocuk Evleri Koordinasyon Merkezi Müdürlüğündeki görevli tüm idari personele; araştırmaya katılarak alan yazına katkı sağlayan değerli bakım personeline/ebeveynlere çok teşekkür ederiz.
