Science for Students with Visual Impairment: An Analysis of Hands-on Activity

Abstract

Science courses are considered to be one of the most difficult courses since they contain difficult and abstract concepts for the individual who needs special education. Because traditional science teaching is mostly based on visual teaching. However, an effective science education can be done by making instructional adaptations and taking into account the individual needs of the students. In this study, the science activities and materials prepared by taking into consideration the needs of the students with visual impairment using the case study of qualitative research methods were made. the study sample consisted eight students including three blind and five students with low vision. The Activity Evaluation Scale (AES) was used to collect data. At the end, activities and materials were evaluated by teacher and independent researchers. In order to ensure the reliability of the study, the videos which were recorded during the course separately analyzed by the researchers, the AES was filled and then the analyses of the researchers were compared. As a result, it was determined that the science activity and materials prepared for the students with visual impairment can be useful in teaching the concepts of heat conductor and heat insulator.

Keywords

• Students with visual impairment
• science education
• science activities
• science materials

Görme Yetersizliği Olan Öğrencilere Fen Eğitimi: Uygulamalı Etkinlik Analizi

Abstract

Fen dersleri, çoğu özel eğitime gereksinim duyan birey için zor ve soyut kavramlar içerdiğinden en zor derslerden biri olarak kabul edilir. Çünkü geleneksel fen öğretimi çoğunlukla görsel öğretime dayandırılmıştır. Fakat öğretimsel uyarlamalar yapılarak ve öğrencilerin bireysel ihtiyaçları göz önünde bulundurularak etkili bir iyi fen öğretimi yapılabilir. Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması kullanılarak görme yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin ihtiyaçları dikkate alınarak hazırlanan fen etkinlik ve materyallerinin analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışma grubu üç görmeyen ve beş az gören öğrenciden oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak Etkinlik Değerlendirme Ölçeği (EDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Etkinlik sonunda dersi yürüten öğretmen ve bağımsız araştırmacılar tarafından etkinlik ve materyalleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın güvenirliğinin sağlanması amacıyla ders esnasında kaydedilen videolar araştırmacılar tarafından ayrı ayrı izlenerek EDÖ doldurulmuş ve daha sonra araştırmacıların analizleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak görme yetersizliği olan öğrenciler için hazırlanan fen etkinlik ve materyallerinin ısı iletkeni ve ısı yalıtkanı kavramlarının öğretiminde yararlı olabileceği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Görme yetersiliği olan öğrenciler
• fen eğitimi
• fen etkinlikleri
• fen materyalleri

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