Research Article

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications

Volume: 7 Number: 1 June 30, 2024
TR EN

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications

Abstract

In the field of external ballistics, the geometry (shape and structure) of the projectile plays a significant role. This geometry affects a multitude of variables, including air resistance, stability, range, and accuracy. The objective of this study was to decrease the drag coefficients by making different geometric alterations to the Spitzer-type ogive bullet and examining the flow conditions, Mach number, and pressure distributions around the projectile using a three-dimensional numerical simulation. Upon examination of the results, it was observed that the flow exhibited subsonic stagnation zones and a velocity drop upstream of the nose tip. The flow became slightly supersonic as it expanded around the ogive nose and boattail junction. Expansion fans and recompression shocks were detected at the points where the ogive-shaped nose of the projectile transitions to the body, where the boattail-shaped rear of the projectile transitions to the body, and at the base of the projectile. The pressure coefficient value reached its maximum value of CP=0.7 when the air decelerated and dropped to CP=-0.5 as the projectile transitioned from the nose to the body. A gradual decrease in pressure along the projectile surface resulted in a more consistent and lower pressure coefficient compared to the nose. The A3-type bullet, including the most extensive spiral groove, exhibited a 12.4% enhancement in drag reduction as compared to the original bullet. The B-series of straight grooves exhibited a considerable decrease in drag. Nevertheless, the efficacy of helical grooves in regulating flow separation at the tail surpassed that of other methods. The A-series bullets, namely A2 and A3, were well-suited for applications that demanded little aerodynamic resistance. The B-series bullets exhibited enhancements compared to the conventional design and may be deemed suitable for more straightforward production or design limitations.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

TUBITAK

Project Number

1919B012109748

Thanks

The authors would like to thank TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) (Project number: 2209-A-1919B012109748) for their financial support.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Aerodynamics (Excl. Hypersonic Aerodynamics) , Computational Methods in Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer (Incl. Computational Fluid Dynamics) , Turbulent Flows

Journal Section

Research Article

Early Pub Date

June 28, 2024

Publication Date

June 30, 2024

Submission Date

May 31, 2024

Acceptance Date

June 26, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 7 Number: 1

APA
Demir, H., Çimen, M., Yılman, Ö., & Tekin, E. (2024). Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications. Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(1), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.55117/bufbd.1493857
AMA
1.Demir H, Çimen M, Yılman Ö, Tekin E. Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications. Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;7(1):47-56. doi:10.55117/bufbd.1493857
Chicago
Demir, Hacımurat, Mehmet Çimen, Ömer Yılman, and Erhan Tekin. 2024. “Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications”. Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 7 (1): 47-56. https://doi.org/10.55117/bufbd.1493857.
EndNote
Demir H, Çimen M, Yılman Ö, Tekin E (June 1, 2024) Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications. Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 7 1 47–56.
IEEE
[1]H. Demir, M. Çimen, Ö. Yılman, and E. Tekin, “Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications”, Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 47–56, June 2024, doi: 10.55117/bufbd.1493857.
ISNAD
Demir, Hacımurat - Çimen, Mehmet - Yılman, Ömer - Tekin, Erhan. “Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications”. Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 7/1 (June 1, 2024): 47-56. https://doi.org/10.55117/bufbd.1493857.
JAMA
1.Demir H, Çimen M, Yılman Ö, Tekin E. Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications. Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024;7:47–56.
MLA
Demir, Hacımurat, et al. “Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications”. Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 1, June 2024, pp. 47-56, doi:10.55117/bufbd.1493857.
Vancouver
1.Hacımurat Demir, Mehmet Çimen, Ömer Yılman, Erhan Tekin. Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Drag Reduction in Bullet via Geometric Modifications. Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2024 Jun. 1;7(1):47-56. doi:10.55117/bufbd.1493857

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