THE MEDIATOR ROLE OF SOCIAL SUPPORT AMID WORK-LIFE BALANCE AND BURNOUT OF EMPLOYEES' IN THE CONTEXT OF CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC PRECAUTIONS AND SOCIAL ISOLATION

Year 2020, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 6 - 18, 12.06.2020

Türker Tuğsal

https://doi.org/10.18221/bujss.718383

Cited By: 5

Abstract

The aim of this research is investigating the effects of social support and work-life balance on employees' burnout in the context of coronavirus pandemic precautions and social isolation. The sample of the research consists of 422 participants in education, health, public, IT, retailing, service, commerce, tourism, transportation, industry and logistics sectors. The contribution of the research is exploring the relationship between burnout, social support and work-life balance. Findings of the research demonstrate that social support has an effect on work-life balance and also has partially mediating effect amid work-life balance and burnout. Observations suggest that burnout levels of women employees are extensive than men employees. To conclude; work-life balance, social support and burnout group levels differ according to gender whilst no significant difference among work-life balance, social support and burnout group levels according to marital status. As for changes in work life, salary and family life due to COVID-19 outbreak precautions, hypotheses are partly accepted.

Keywords

COVID-19 , Coronavirus , Work-Life Balance , Burnout , Social Support , Mediating Effect , Social Isolation

References

• Anthoine, E., Moret, L., Regnault, A., Sébille, V., & Hardouin, J. B. (2014). Sample size used to validate a scale: a review of publications on newly-developed patient reported outcomes measures. Health and quality of life outcomes, 12(1), 2.
• Apaydın, Ç. (2011). Öğretim Üyelerinin İşe Bağımlılık Düzeyi İle İş-Yaşam Dengesi ve İş-Aile Yaşam Dengesi Arasındaki İlişki. Ankara Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eğitim Yönetimi ve Politikası Anabilim Dalı, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi.
• Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Indi-vidual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adoles-cence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454.
• Banaz, M. (1992). Lise öğrencilerinde sosyal destek kaynakları ve stres ile ruh sağlığı arasındaki ilişki. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
• Bayram, D. (1999). Bir grup gençte ruhsal belirti ile sosyal destek ilişkisi. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir.
• Biordi, D.L. and Nicholson, N.R. (2009), “Social isolation”, in Larsen, P.D and Lubkin, I.M. (Eds), Chronic Illness: Impact and Interventions, Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Sudbury, MA, pp. 85-115.
• Boamah, S. A., & Laschinger, H. (2016). The influence of areas of worklife fit and work‐life inter-ference on burnout and turnover intentions among new graduate nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 24(2), 1-11.
• Boren, J. P., & Veksler, A. E. (2011). Some Things are Better Left Not Unsaid: An Exploratory Study of the Communicatively-Restricted Organizational Stressor.
• Cheng, C. (1997). Role of perceived social support on depression in Chinese adolescents: A pro-spective study examining the buffering model. Journal of Applied Social Psycholo-gy, 27(9), 800-820.
• Compas, B. E., Wagner, B. M., Slavin, L. A., & Vannatta, K. (1986). A prospective study of life events, social support, and psychological symptomatology during the transition from high school to college. American Journal of Community Psychology, 14(3), 241-257.
• Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, G. D., & Walker, R. R. (1991). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support: A confirmation study. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 47(6), 756-761.
• Ergin, C. (1992). Doktor ve hemşirelerde tükenmişlik ve Maslach tükenmişlik ölçeğinin uyar-lanması. VII. Ulusal psikoloji kongresi bilimsel çalışmaları, 22, 25.
• Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics 4th Ed. Sage Publications. London.
• Guest, D. E. (2002). Perspectives on the study of work-life balance. Social Science Infor-mation, 41(2), 255-279.
• Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Press.
• Hilbrecht, M., Shaw, S.M., Johnson, L.C. and Andrey, J. (2008), “I’m home for the kids: contra-dictory implications for work-life balance of teleworking mothers”, Gender, Work and Or-ganisation, Vol. 5 No. 15, pp. 455-471.
• İslamoğlu, A. H., Alnıaçık, Ü. (2014). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntemleri. Beta Yayınları, İstanbul.
• Jacobs, S. R., & Dodd, D. (2003). Student burnout as a function of personality, social support, and workload. Journal of College Student Development, 44(3), 291-303.
• Jenkins, R., & Elliott, P. (2004). Stressors, burnout and social support: nurses in acute mental health settings. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 48(6), 622-631.
• Ju, C., Lan, J., Li, Y., Feng, W., & You, X. (2015). The mediating role of workplace social support on the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and teacher burnout. Teaching and Teacher Education, 51, 58-67.
• Kalimo, R., Pahkin, K., Mutanen, P., & Topipinen-Tanner, S. (2003). Staying well or burning out at work: work characteristics and personal resources as long-term predictors. Work & Stress, 17(2), 109-122.
• Karabacak, G. (2013). İş-aile çatışmasının iş ve yaşam doyumuna etkilerinin iş stresi ve algılanan sosyal destek açısından otel personeli üzerinde incelenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Adnan Mende-res Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
• MacCallum, R. C., Widaman, K. F., Zhang, S., & Hong, S. (1999). Sample size in factor analysis. Psychological methods, 4(1), 84-99.
• Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1986). MBI: Maslach Burnout Inventory; manual research edi-tion. University of California, Palo Alto, CA.
• Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397-422.
• Noon, M., Blyton, P. (2007). The Realities of Work. 3rd Ed. Palgrave Macmillan. New York
• Panisoara, G., & Serban, M. (2013). Marital status and work-life balance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 78, 21-25.
• Pazin, J. S. (2000). The effects of burnout on doctoral counseling students in CACREP accredited universities, Doctoral dissertation. St. Mary's University, San Antonio, Texas.
• Pichler, F. (2009). Determinants of work-life balance: Shortcomings in the contemporary meas-urement of WLB in large-scale surveys. Social Indicators Research, 92(3), 449-469. View Article: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-008-9297-5
• Schaufeli, W. B., & Greenglass, E. R. (2001). Introduction to special issue on burnout and health. Psychology & Health, 16(5), 501-510.
• Shirom, A. (1989). Burnout in work organizations. Cooper, Cary L. (Ed); Robertson, Ivan T. (Ed). (1989). International review of industrial and organizational psychology 1989 , (pp. 25-48). Oxford, England: John Wiley & Sons, ix, 411 pp.
• Soylu, Ö. (2002). Üniversite sınavına hazırlanan öğrencilerin ailelerinden sosyal destek algılayıp algılamama durumlarına göre psikolojik belirtiler yönünden incelenmesi. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Adana.
• T. C. İçişleri Bakanlığı,81 İl Valiliğine Coronavirüs Tedbirleri Konulu, 16.03.2020.
• T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, COVID-19 Rehberi, Mart 2020.
• Torun, A. (1995). Tükenmişlik, aile yapısı ve sosyal destek ilişkileri üzerine bir inceleme. Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
• Tuğsal, T. (2017). İş-yaşam dengesi, sosyal destek ve sosyo-demografik faktörlerin tükenmişlik üzerindeki etkisi. İstanbul: Cinisus Yayınları
• Umene-Nakano, W., Kato, T. A., Kikuchi, S., Tateno, M., Fujisawa, D., Hoshuyama, T., & Naka-mura, J. (2013). Nationwide survey of work environment, work-life balance and burnout among psychiatrists in Japan. PloS one, 8(2), e55189.
• Weaver, K. L. (2000). Burnout, stress and social support among doctoral students in psycholo-gy (Doctoral dissertation, West Virginia University).
• WHO, who.int
• Williams, B., Onsman, A., & Brown, T. (2010). Exploratory factor analysis: A five-step guide for novices. Australasian Journal of Paramedicine, 8(3), 1-13.
• Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30-41.