Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Coulomb stress changes and magnitude-frequency distribution for Lake Van region

Year 2022, , 141 - 156, 18.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.990666

Abstract

The tectonic structure of Türkiye is under the influence of Arabian, Eurasian, African, and Anatolian plates. Lake Van region, located in eastern Türkiye, has been exposed to many devastating earthquakes in historical and instrumental periods. In this paper, using regional earthquakes, the tectonic stress variation of Lake Van region was investigated using the Coulomb stress change and the b-value distribution. 83 earthquakes that occurred between 2000 and 2020 are used to calculate the Coulomb stress change, while 17815 earthquakes that occurred between 1903 and 2021 are used to calculate the b-value distribution. Coulomb stress change gives an idea about the transfer of energy to nearby faults. Coulomb stress change and b-value distribution maps were created at
different depths to model the variation of stress. The low b-values and positive Coulomb stress values were especially observed around the Van and Yeniköşk faults. On the contrary, no significant variation in stress change was observed around Süphan and Nemrut volcanoes, and high b-values were calculated in this region. Coulomb stress change and earthquake epicentral distribution are compatible and most events occurred in positive stress regions. In conclusion, stress change and b-value distribution were interpreted together and positive stress regions were revealed in the region.

Thanks

The authors thank Republic of Türkiye Prime Ministry Disaster Emergency Management Authority Presidential of Earthquake Department (AFAD) for providing data for this study. Figures 1 and 2 were prepared using the GMT software (Wessel et al., 2013). The fault information used in the figures was digitized from the MTA drawing editor (Emre et al., 2018).

References

  • AFAD (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı, Deprem Dairesi Başkanlığı). 2011. Van Depremi (23 Ekim 2011) raporu, Ankara.
  • AFAD (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı, Deprem Dairesi Başkanlığı). 2020a. 23 Şubat 2020 Hoy (İran) Mw 5.9 depremlerine ilişkin ön değerlendirme raporu, Ankara.
  • AFAD (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı, Deprem Dairesi Başkanlığı). 2020b. 25 Haziran 2020 Saray (İran) Mw 5.4 depremlerine ilişkin ön değerlendirme raporu, Ankara.
  • AFAD (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı). https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/ ddakatalogu. 01 June 2021.
  • Ahadov, B., Jin, S. 2019. Effects of Coulomb stress change on Mw> 6 earthquakes in the Caucasus region. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 297- 106326.
  • Akıncı, A., Malagnini, L., Herrmann, B., Kalafat, D. 2014. High-frequency attenuation in the Lake Van region, Eastern Turkey. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 104(3), 1400-1409.
  • Aki, K. 1965. A note on the use of microseisms in determining the shallow structures of the Earth’s crust. Geophysics 30, 665-666.
  • Akkaya, I. 2015. The application of HVSR microtremor survey method in Yüksekova (Hakkari) region, Eastern Turkey. Journal of African Earth Sciences 109, 87-95.
  • Alan, H., Bozkurt, E., Çağlan, D., Dirik, K., Özkaymak, Ç., Sözbilir, H., Topal, T. 2011. Van Depremleri (Tabanlı-Edremit) Raporları. Türk Mühendis ve Mimar Odalar Birliği, Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası, 110.
  • Alkan, H., Çınar, H., Oreshin, S. 2020. Lake Van (Southeastern Turkey) experiment: receiver function analyses of lithospheric structure from teleseismic observations. Pure and Applied Geophysics 177, 3891-3909.
  • Ansari, S. 2016. Co-seismic stress transfer and magnitude- frequency distribution due to the 2012 Varzaqan- Ahar earthquake doublets (Mw 6.5 and 6.4), NW Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 132, 129- 137.
  • Aydemir, A., Ateş, A., Bilim, F., Büyüksaraç, A., Bektaş, O. 2014. Evaluation of gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies for the deep structure and possibility of hydrocarbon potential of the region surrounding Lake Van, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Surveys in Geophysics 35(2), 431-448.
  • Bayrak, Y., Öztürk, S., Çınar, H., Kalafat, D., Tsapanos T.M., Koravos, G.C, Leventakis, A. 2009. Estimating earthquake hazard parameters from instrumental data for different regions in and around Turkey. Engineering Geology 105(3-4), 200-210.
  • Bayrak, Y., Yadav, R.B.S., Kalafat, D., Tsapanos, T.M., Çınar, H., Singh, A. P., Bayrak, E., Yılmaz, Ş., Öcal, F., Koravos, G. 2013. Seismogenesis and earthquake triggering during the Van (Turkey) 2011 seismic sequence. Tectonophysics 601,163–176.
  • Büyüksaraç, A., Işık, E., Harirchian, E. 2021. A case study for determination of seismic risk priorities in Van (Eastern Turkey). Earthquakes and Structures 20(4), 445–455.
  • Çırmık, A. 2018. Examining the crustal structures of eastern Anatolia, using thermal gradient, heat flow, radiogenic heat production and seismic velocities. Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata 59, 2, 117-134.
  • Çırmık, A., Doğru, F., Gönenç, T., Pamukçu, O. 2017. The stress/strain analysis of kinematic structure at Gülbahçe Fault and Uzunkuyu Intrusive (İzmir, Turkey). Pure and Applied Geophysics 174(3), 1425-1440.
  • Çukur, D., Krastel, S., Schmincke, H. U., Sumita, M., Tomonaga, Y., Çağatay, M. N. 2014. Water level changes in Lake Van, Turkey, during the past ca. 600 ka: climatic, volcanic and tectonic controls. Journal of Paleolimnology 52, 201-214.
  • Çukur, D., Krastel, S., Tomonaga, Y., Schmincke, H. U., Sumita, M., Meydan, A. F., Çağatay, M. N., Toker, M., Kim, S. P., Kong, G. S., Horozal, S. 2017. Structural characteristics of the Lake Van Basin, eastern Turkey, from high-resolution seismic reflection profiles and multibeam echosounder data: geologic and tectonic implications. International Journal of Earth Sciences 106, 239- 253.
  • Degens, E. T., Wong, H. K., Kempe, S. 1984. A geological Study of Lake Van, Eastern Turkey. Geologische Rundschau 73, 701-734.
  • Doğan, B., Karakaş, A. 2013. Geometry of co-seismic surface ruptures and tectonic meaning of the 23 October 2011 Mw 7.1 Van earthquake (East Anatolian Region, Turkey). Journal of Structural Geology 46, 99-114.
  • Emre, Ö., Duman, T. Y., Özalp, S., Elmacı, H., Olgun, S., Şaroglu, F. 2013. 1/1.250.000 scale Turkey Active Fault Map. General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration Special Publication.
  • Emre, Ö., Duman, T. Y., Özalp, S., Saroglu, F., Olgun, S., Elmacı, H., Can, T. 2018. Active fault database of Turkey. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 16(8), 3229-3275.
  • Frohlich, C., Davis, S. D. 1993. Teleseismic b values; or, much ado about 1.0. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 98(B1), 631-644.
  • Görür, N., Çağatay, M., Zabcı, C., Sakınç, M., Akkök, R., Şile, H., Örçen, S. 2015. The late Quaternary tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Lake Van, Turkey. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 151, 1-46.
  • Gutenberg, B., Richter, C. F. 1944. Frequency of earthquakes in California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 34(4), 185-188.
  • Irmak, T. S., Doğan, B., Karakaş, A. 2012. Source mechanism of the 23 October 2011, Van (Turkey) earthquake (M= 7.1) and aftershocks with its tectonic implications. Earth Planets Space 64, 991-1003.
  • Işık, S. E., Konca, A. Ö., Karabulut, H. 2017. The seismic interactions and spatiotemporal evolution of seismicity following the October 23, 2011 M 7.1 Van, Eastern Anatolia, earthquake. Tectonophysics 702, 8-18.
  • Keskin, M. 2003. Magma generation by slab steepening and breakoff beneath a subduction–accretion complex: an alternative model for collision- related volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Geophysical Research Letters 30, 9-4.
  • Keskin, M. 2007. Eastern Anatolia: A hotspot in a collision zone without a mantle plume. Geological Society of America Special Paper 430, 693–722.
  • KOERI (Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute). http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/ zeqdb/. 01 June 2021.
  • Lahn, E. 1948. Türkiye göllerinin jeolojisi ve jeomorfolojisi hakkında bir etüd. MTA Yayınları, B(12).
  • Mackenzie, D., Elliott, J. R., Altunel, E., Walker, R. T., Kurban, Y.C., Schwenninger, J. L., Parsons, B. 2016. Seismotectonics and rupture process of the M 7.1 2011 Van reverse-faulting earthquake, eastern Turkey, and implications for hazard in regions of distributed shortening. Geophysical Journal International 206, 501–524.
  • Maden, N., Öztürk, S. 2015. Seismic b-values, bouguer gravity and heat flow data beneath Eastern Anatolia, Turkey: tectonic implications. Surveys in Geophysics 36(4), 549-570.
  • Mahatsente, R., Önal, G., Çemen, I. 2018. Lithospheric structure and the isostatic state of Eastern Anatolia: Insight from gravity data modelling. Lithosphere 10(2), 279-290.
  • Mogi, K. 1962. Study of elastic shocks caused by the fracture of heterogeneous materials and its relations to earthquake phenomena. Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo 40(1), 125-173.
  • Ogata, Y., Imoto, M., Katsura, K. 1991. 3-D spatial variation of b-values of magnitude-frequency distribution beneath the Kanto District, Japan. Geophysical Journal International 104, 135-146.
  • Olsson, R. 1999. An estimation of the maximum b-value in the Gutenberg-Richter relation. Geodynamics 27, 547-552.
  • Özacar, A. A., Zandt, G., Gilbert, H., Beck, S. L. 2010. Seismic images of crustal variations beneath the East Anatolian Plateau (Turkey) from teleseismic receiver functions. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 340(1), 485-496.
  • Özer, Ç. 2019. Investigation of Soil Amplification in Lake Van Basin. Research Reviews in Engineering. Gece Kitaplığı, Türkiye.
  • Öztürk, S. 2015. Depremselliğin fraktal boyutu ve beklenen güçlü depremlerin orta vadede bölgesel olarak tahmini üzerine bir modelleme Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi, Türkiye. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 5(1), 1-23.
  • Öztürk, S. 2017. Space-time assessing of the earthquake potential in recent years in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Earth Sciences Research Journal 21(2), 67-75.
  • Öztürk, S. 2018. Earthquake hazard potential in the Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey: seismotectonic b and Dc-values and precursory quiescence Z-value. Frontiers of Earth Science 12(1), 215-236.
  • Öztürk, S., Bayrak, Y. 2012. Spatial variations of precursory seismic quiescence observed in recent years in the Eastern part of Turkey. Acta Geophysica 60(1), 92-118.
  • Reasenberg, P. 1985. Second-order moment of central California seismicity, 1969–1982. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 90(B7), 5479- 5495.
  • Reilinger, R., McClusky, S., Vernant, P., Lawrence, S., Ergintav, S., Cakmak, R., Ozener, H., Kadirov, F., Guliev, I., Stepanyan, R., Nadariya, M., Hahubia, G., Mahmoud, S., Sakr, K., ArRajehi, A., Paradissis, D., Al-Aydurs, A., Prilepin, M., Guseva, T., Evren, E., Dmitrotsa, A., Filikov, S.V., Gomez, F., Al-Ghazzi, R., Karam, G. 2006. GPS constraints on continental deformation in the Africa-Arabia-Eurasia continental collision zone and implications for the dynamics of plate interactions. Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth 111(B5), B05411.
  • Scholz, C. H. 1968. The frequency-magnitude relation of microfracturing in rock and its relation to earthquakes. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 58(1), 399-415.
  • Selçuk, A. S. 2016. Evaluation of the relative tectonic activity in the eastern Lake Van basin, East Turkey. Geomorphology 270, 9-21.
  • Sumita, M., Schmincke, H. U. 2013. Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 253, 15–34.
  • Suyehiro, S. 1964. Foreshocks and aftershocks accompanying a perceptible earthquake in central Japan. Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics 15, 71-88.
  • Şaroğlu, F., Yılmaz, Y. 1986. Doğu Anadolu’da Neotektonik Dönemdeki Jeolojik Evrim ve Havza Modelleri. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Özeren, S., Genç, T., Zor, E. 2003. East Anatolian high plateau as a mantle-supported, north-south shortened domal structure. Geophysical Research Letters 30, 4.
  • Toda, S., Stein, R. S., Sevilgen, V., Lin, J. 2011. Coulomb 3.3 graphic-rich deformation and stress-change software for earthquake, tectonic, and volcano research and teaching-user guide. United State Geological Survey, Open-File Report, 1060.
  • Toker, M. 2014. Discrete characteristics of the aftershock sequence of the 2011 Van Earthquake. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 92, 168-186.
  • Toker, M., Şengör, A. M. C., Schluter, F. D., Demirbağ, E., Çukur, D., Imren, C., Niessen, F., PaleoVan- working Group. 2017a. The structural elements and tectonics of the Lake Van basin (Eastern Anatolia) from multi-channel seismic reflection profiles. Journal of African Earth Sciences 129, 165-178.
  • Toker, M., Pınar, A., Tur, H. 2017b. Source mechanisms and faulting analysis of the aftershocks in the Lake Erçek area (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) during the 2011 Van event (Mw 7.1): implications for the regional stress field and ongoing deformation processes. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 150, 73–86.
  • Warren, N. W., Latham, G. V. 1970. An experimental study of thermally induced microfracturing and its relation to volcanic seismicity. Journal of Geophysical Research 75(23), 4455-4464.
  • Wessel, P., Smith, W. H. F., Scharroo, R., Luis, J. F., Wobbe, F. 2013. Generic Mapping Tools: Improved version released. EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union 94, 409-410.
  • Wiemer, S. 2001. A software package to analyze seismicity: ZMAP. Seismological Research Letters 72(3), 373-382.
  • Wiemer, S., Wyss, M. 1997. Mapping the frequency- magnitude distribution in asperities: An improved technique to calculate recurrence times?. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102(B7), 15115-15128.
  • Wiemer, S., Wyss, M. 2002. Mapping spatial variability of the frequency-magnitude distribution of earthquakes. In Advances in Geophysics 45, 259.
  • Wyss, M. 1973. Towards a physical understanding of the earthquake frequency distribution. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 31(4), 341-359.
  • Yadav, R. B. S., Gahalaut, V. K., Chopra, S., Shan, B. 2012. Tectonic implications and seismicity triggering during the 2008 Baluchistan, Pakistan earthquake sequence. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 45, 167–178.
  • Yılmaz, Y., Şaroğlu, F., Güner, Y. 1987. Initiation of the Neomagmatism in East Anatolia. Tectonophysics 134, 177-199.
  • Zhu, H. 2018. High Vp/Vs ratio in the crust and uppermost mantle beneath volcanoes in the Central and Eastern Anatolia. Geophysical Journal International 214(3), 2151-2163.
Year 2022, , 141 - 156, 18.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.990666

Abstract

References

  • AFAD (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı, Deprem Dairesi Başkanlığı). 2011. Van Depremi (23 Ekim 2011) raporu, Ankara.
  • AFAD (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı, Deprem Dairesi Başkanlığı). 2020a. 23 Şubat 2020 Hoy (İran) Mw 5.9 depremlerine ilişkin ön değerlendirme raporu, Ankara.
  • AFAD (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı, Deprem Dairesi Başkanlığı). 2020b. 25 Haziran 2020 Saray (İran) Mw 5.4 depremlerine ilişkin ön değerlendirme raporu, Ankara.
  • AFAD (T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı). https://deprem.afad.gov.tr/ ddakatalogu. 01 June 2021.
  • Ahadov, B., Jin, S. 2019. Effects of Coulomb stress change on Mw> 6 earthquakes in the Caucasus region. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 297- 106326.
  • Akıncı, A., Malagnini, L., Herrmann, B., Kalafat, D. 2014. High-frequency attenuation in the Lake Van region, Eastern Turkey. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 104(3), 1400-1409.
  • Aki, K. 1965. A note on the use of microseisms in determining the shallow structures of the Earth’s crust. Geophysics 30, 665-666.
  • Akkaya, I. 2015. The application of HVSR microtremor survey method in Yüksekova (Hakkari) region, Eastern Turkey. Journal of African Earth Sciences 109, 87-95.
  • Alan, H., Bozkurt, E., Çağlan, D., Dirik, K., Özkaymak, Ç., Sözbilir, H., Topal, T. 2011. Van Depremleri (Tabanlı-Edremit) Raporları. Türk Mühendis ve Mimar Odalar Birliği, Jeoloji Mühendisleri Odası, 110.
  • Alkan, H., Çınar, H., Oreshin, S. 2020. Lake Van (Southeastern Turkey) experiment: receiver function analyses of lithospheric structure from teleseismic observations. Pure and Applied Geophysics 177, 3891-3909.
  • Ansari, S. 2016. Co-seismic stress transfer and magnitude- frequency distribution due to the 2012 Varzaqan- Ahar earthquake doublets (Mw 6.5 and 6.4), NW Iran. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 132, 129- 137.
  • Aydemir, A., Ateş, A., Bilim, F., Büyüksaraç, A., Bektaş, O. 2014. Evaluation of gravity and aeromagnetic anomalies for the deep structure and possibility of hydrocarbon potential of the region surrounding Lake Van, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Surveys in Geophysics 35(2), 431-448.
  • Bayrak, Y., Öztürk, S., Çınar, H., Kalafat, D., Tsapanos T.M., Koravos, G.C, Leventakis, A. 2009. Estimating earthquake hazard parameters from instrumental data for different regions in and around Turkey. Engineering Geology 105(3-4), 200-210.
  • Bayrak, Y., Yadav, R.B.S., Kalafat, D., Tsapanos, T.M., Çınar, H., Singh, A. P., Bayrak, E., Yılmaz, Ş., Öcal, F., Koravos, G. 2013. Seismogenesis and earthquake triggering during the Van (Turkey) 2011 seismic sequence. Tectonophysics 601,163–176.
  • Büyüksaraç, A., Işık, E., Harirchian, E. 2021. A case study for determination of seismic risk priorities in Van (Eastern Turkey). Earthquakes and Structures 20(4), 445–455.
  • Çırmık, A. 2018. Examining the crustal structures of eastern Anatolia, using thermal gradient, heat flow, radiogenic heat production and seismic velocities. Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata 59, 2, 117-134.
  • Çırmık, A., Doğru, F., Gönenç, T., Pamukçu, O. 2017. The stress/strain analysis of kinematic structure at Gülbahçe Fault and Uzunkuyu Intrusive (İzmir, Turkey). Pure and Applied Geophysics 174(3), 1425-1440.
  • Çukur, D., Krastel, S., Schmincke, H. U., Sumita, M., Tomonaga, Y., Çağatay, M. N. 2014. Water level changes in Lake Van, Turkey, during the past ca. 600 ka: climatic, volcanic and tectonic controls. Journal of Paleolimnology 52, 201-214.
  • Çukur, D., Krastel, S., Tomonaga, Y., Schmincke, H. U., Sumita, M., Meydan, A. F., Çağatay, M. N., Toker, M., Kim, S. P., Kong, G. S., Horozal, S. 2017. Structural characteristics of the Lake Van Basin, eastern Turkey, from high-resolution seismic reflection profiles and multibeam echosounder data: geologic and tectonic implications. International Journal of Earth Sciences 106, 239- 253.
  • Degens, E. T., Wong, H. K., Kempe, S. 1984. A geological Study of Lake Van, Eastern Turkey. Geologische Rundschau 73, 701-734.
  • Doğan, B., Karakaş, A. 2013. Geometry of co-seismic surface ruptures and tectonic meaning of the 23 October 2011 Mw 7.1 Van earthquake (East Anatolian Region, Turkey). Journal of Structural Geology 46, 99-114.
  • Emre, Ö., Duman, T. Y., Özalp, S., Elmacı, H., Olgun, S., Şaroglu, F. 2013. 1/1.250.000 scale Turkey Active Fault Map. General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration Special Publication.
  • Emre, Ö., Duman, T. Y., Özalp, S., Saroglu, F., Olgun, S., Elmacı, H., Can, T. 2018. Active fault database of Turkey. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 16(8), 3229-3275.
  • Frohlich, C., Davis, S. D. 1993. Teleseismic b values; or, much ado about 1.0. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 98(B1), 631-644.
  • Görür, N., Çağatay, M., Zabcı, C., Sakınç, M., Akkök, R., Şile, H., Örçen, S. 2015. The late Quaternary tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Lake Van, Turkey. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 151, 1-46.
  • Gutenberg, B., Richter, C. F. 1944. Frequency of earthquakes in California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 34(4), 185-188.
  • Irmak, T. S., Doğan, B., Karakaş, A. 2012. Source mechanism of the 23 October 2011, Van (Turkey) earthquake (M= 7.1) and aftershocks with its tectonic implications. Earth Planets Space 64, 991-1003.
  • Işık, S. E., Konca, A. Ö., Karabulut, H. 2017. The seismic interactions and spatiotemporal evolution of seismicity following the October 23, 2011 M 7.1 Van, Eastern Anatolia, earthquake. Tectonophysics 702, 8-18.
  • Keskin, M. 2003. Magma generation by slab steepening and breakoff beneath a subduction–accretion complex: an alternative model for collision- related volcanism in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Geophysical Research Letters 30, 9-4.
  • Keskin, M. 2007. Eastern Anatolia: A hotspot in a collision zone without a mantle plume. Geological Society of America Special Paper 430, 693–722.
  • KOERI (Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute). http://www.koeri.boun.edu.tr/sismo/ zeqdb/. 01 June 2021.
  • Lahn, E. 1948. Türkiye göllerinin jeolojisi ve jeomorfolojisi hakkında bir etüd. MTA Yayınları, B(12).
  • Mackenzie, D., Elliott, J. R., Altunel, E., Walker, R. T., Kurban, Y.C., Schwenninger, J. L., Parsons, B. 2016. Seismotectonics and rupture process of the M 7.1 2011 Van reverse-faulting earthquake, eastern Turkey, and implications for hazard in regions of distributed shortening. Geophysical Journal International 206, 501–524.
  • Maden, N., Öztürk, S. 2015. Seismic b-values, bouguer gravity and heat flow data beneath Eastern Anatolia, Turkey: tectonic implications. Surveys in Geophysics 36(4), 549-570.
  • Mahatsente, R., Önal, G., Çemen, I. 2018. Lithospheric structure and the isostatic state of Eastern Anatolia: Insight from gravity data modelling. Lithosphere 10(2), 279-290.
  • Mogi, K. 1962. Study of elastic shocks caused by the fracture of heterogeneous materials and its relations to earthquake phenomena. Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo 40(1), 125-173.
  • Ogata, Y., Imoto, M., Katsura, K. 1991. 3-D spatial variation of b-values of magnitude-frequency distribution beneath the Kanto District, Japan. Geophysical Journal International 104, 135-146.
  • Olsson, R. 1999. An estimation of the maximum b-value in the Gutenberg-Richter relation. Geodynamics 27, 547-552.
  • Özacar, A. A., Zandt, G., Gilbert, H., Beck, S. L. 2010. Seismic images of crustal variations beneath the East Anatolian Plateau (Turkey) from teleseismic receiver functions. Geological Society of London, Special Publications 340(1), 485-496.
  • Özer, Ç. 2019. Investigation of Soil Amplification in Lake Van Basin. Research Reviews in Engineering. Gece Kitaplığı, Türkiye.
  • Öztürk, S. 2015. Depremselliğin fraktal boyutu ve beklenen güçlü depremlerin orta vadede bölgesel olarak tahmini üzerine bir modelleme Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi, Türkiye. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 5(1), 1-23.
  • Öztürk, S. 2017. Space-time assessing of the earthquake potential in recent years in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Earth Sciences Research Journal 21(2), 67-75.
  • Öztürk, S. 2018. Earthquake hazard potential in the Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey: seismotectonic b and Dc-values and precursory quiescence Z-value. Frontiers of Earth Science 12(1), 215-236.
  • Öztürk, S., Bayrak, Y. 2012. Spatial variations of precursory seismic quiescence observed in recent years in the Eastern part of Turkey. Acta Geophysica 60(1), 92-118.
  • Reasenberg, P. 1985. Second-order moment of central California seismicity, 1969–1982. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 90(B7), 5479- 5495.
  • Reilinger, R., McClusky, S., Vernant, P., Lawrence, S., Ergintav, S., Cakmak, R., Ozener, H., Kadirov, F., Guliev, I., Stepanyan, R., Nadariya, M., Hahubia, G., Mahmoud, S., Sakr, K., ArRajehi, A., Paradissis, D., Al-Aydurs, A., Prilepin, M., Guseva, T., Evren, E., Dmitrotsa, A., Filikov, S.V., Gomez, F., Al-Ghazzi, R., Karam, G. 2006. GPS constraints on continental deformation in the Africa-Arabia-Eurasia continental collision zone and implications for the dynamics of plate interactions. Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth 111(B5), B05411.
  • Scholz, C. H. 1968. The frequency-magnitude relation of microfracturing in rock and its relation to earthquakes. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 58(1), 399-415.
  • Selçuk, A. S. 2016. Evaluation of the relative tectonic activity in the eastern Lake Van basin, East Turkey. Geomorphology 270, 9-21.
  • Sumita, M., Schmincke, H. U. 2013. Impact of volcanism on the evolution of Lake Van II: temporal evolution of explosive volcanism of Nemrut Volcano (eastern Anatolia) during the past ca. 0.4 Ma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 253, 15–34.
  • Suyehiro, S. 1964. Foreshocks and aftershocks accompanying a perceptible earthquake in central Japan. Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics 15, 71-88.
  • Şaroğlu, F., Yılmaz, Y. 1986. Doğu Anadolu’da Neotektonik Dönemdeki Jeolojik Evrim ve Havza Modelleri. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Özeren, S., Genç, T., Zor, E. 2003. East Anatolian high plateau as a mantle-supported, north-south shortened domal structure. Geophysical Research Letters 30, 4.
  • Toda, S., Stein, R. S., Sevilgen, V., Lin, J. 2011. Coulomb 3.3 graphic-rich deformation and stress-change software for earthquake, tectonic, and volcano research and teaching-user guide. United State Geological Survey, Open-File Report, 1060.
  • Toker, M. 2014. Discrete characteristics of the aftershock sequence of the 2011 Van Earthquake. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 92, 168-186.
  • Toker, M., Şengör, A. M. C., Schluter, F. D., Demirbağ, E., Çukur, D., Imren, C., Niessen, F., PaleoVan- working Group. 2017a. The structural elements and tectonics of the Lake Van basin (Eastern Anatolia) from multi-channel seismic reflection profiles. Journal of African Earth Sciences 129, 165-178.
  • Toker, M., Pınar, A., Tur, H. 2017b. Source mechanisms and faulting analysis of the aftershocks in the Lake Erçek area (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) during the 2011 Van event (Mw 7.1): implications for the regional stress field and ongoing deformation processes. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 150, 73–86.
  • Warren, N. W., Latham, G. V. 1970. An experimental study of thermally induced microfracturing and its relation to volcanic seismicity. Journal of Geophysical Research 75(23), 4455-4464.
  • Wessel, P., Smith, W. H. F., Scharroo, R., Luis, J. F., Wobbe, F. 2013. Generic Mapping Tools: Improved version released. EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union 94, 409-410.
  • Wiemer, S. 2001. A software package to analyze seismicity: ZMAP. Seismological Research Letters 72(3), 373-382.
  • Wiemer, S., Wyss, M. 1997. Mapping the frequency- magnitude distribution in asperities: An improved technique to calculate recurrence times?. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102(B7), 15115-15128.
  • Wiemer, S., Wyss, M. 2002. Mapping spatial variability of the frequency-magnitude distribution of earthquakes. In Advances in Geophysics 45, 259.
  • Wyss, M. 1973. Towards a physical understanding of the earthquake frequency distribution. Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society 31(4), 341-359.
  • Yadav, R. B. S., Gahalaut, V. K., Chopra, S., Shan, B. 2012. Tectonic implications and seismicity triggering during the 2008 Baluchistan, Pakistan earthquake sequence. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 45, 167–178.
  • Yılmaz, Y., Şaroğlu, F., Güner, Y. 1987. Initiation of the Neomagmatism in East Anatolia. Tectonophysics 134, 177-199.
  • Zhu, H. 2018. High Vp/Vs ratio in the crust and uppermost mantle beneath volcanoes in the Central and Eastern Anatolia. Geophysical Journal International 214(3), 2151-2163.
There are 65 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Hamdi Alkan 0000-0003-3912-7503

Erdem Bayrak This is me 0000-0001-9907-1463

Publication Date August 18, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Alkan, H., & Bayrak, E. (2022). Coulomb stress changes and magnitude-frequency distribution for Lake Van region. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 168(168), 141-156. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.990666
AMA Alkan H, Bayrak E. Coulomb stress changes and magnitude-frequency distribution for Lake Van region. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. August 2022;168(168):141-156. doi:10.19111/bulletinofmre.990666
Chicago Alkan, Hamdi, and Erdem Bayrak. “Coulomb Stress Changes and Magnitude-Frequency Distribution for Lake Van Region”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 168, no. 168 (August 2022): 141-56. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.990666.
EndNote Alkan H, Bayrak E (August 1, 2022) Coulomb stress changes and magnitude-frequency distribution for Lake Van region. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 168 168 141–156.
IEEE H. Alkan and E. Bayrak, “Coulomb stress changes and magnitude-frequency distribution for Lake Van region”, Bull.Min.Res.Exp., vol. 168, no. 168, pp. 141–156, 2022, doi: 10.19111/bulletinofmre.990666.
ISNAD Alkan, Hamdi - Bayrak, Erdem. “Coulomb Stress Changes and Magnitude-Frequency Distribution for Lake Van Region”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 168/168 (August 2022), 141-156. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.990666.
JAMA Alkan H, Bayrak E. Coulomb stress changes and magnitude-frequency distribution for Lake Van region. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2022;168:141–156.
MLA Alkan, Hamdi and Erdem Bayrak. “Coulomb Stress Changes and Magnitude-Frequency Distribution for Lake Van Region”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, vol. 168, no. 168, 2022, pp. 141-56, doi:10.19111/bulletinofmre.990666.
Vancouver Alkan H, Bayrak E. Coulomb stress changes and magnitude-frequency distribution for Lake Van region. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2022;168(168):141-56.

Copyright and Licence
The Bulletin of Mineral Research and Exploration keeps the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works No: 5846. The Bulletin of Mineral Research and Exploration publishes the articles under the terms of “Creatice Common Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0)” licence which allows to others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can’t change them in any way or use them commercially.

For further details;
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/?lang=en