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NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS

Year 2016, Volume: 152 Issue: 152, 1 - 24, 25.05.2016
https://doi.org/10.19111/bmre.86643

Abstract

The volcaniclastics, derived from calcalkaline acidic-intermediate volcanism in the region during late Early Miocene, and lacustrine deposits of Middle Miocene and alkaline volcanics are exposed on Uzun Ada , Hekim Adası, Çiçek Adası and Karantina Adası  in the Outer Gulf of Izmir. Kocadağ volcaniclastics derived from Kocadağ volcanism, by extruding mainly calcalkaline andesitic-dacitic products during Late Early Miocene, represents the exposed oldest rock unit. The volcaniclastic succession extending in the north of Uzun Ada is composed of pyroclastics in ignimbrite and blocky ash flow facieses, and epiclastics in volcanic mass flow (lahar) facies. Foça tuff, represented by rhyolitic ignimbrites, originated from an area around Foça and moving to an area around Uzun Ada, emplaced onto the Kocadağ volcaniclastics in two main explosive stages. The Değirmentepe Member alluvial deposits composed of coarse volcanic detritus were deposited during a inactive period between the explosion stages.  A K/Ar age of 16.0 Ma was obtained from a rhyolite dome, which shows lateral relationship with the correlant ignimbrites in Foça Peninsula, and so it is considered that Foça tuff emplaced onto the region at the end of late Early Miocene. Lacustrine-dominated Middle Miocene succession, which overlies the Foça tuff unconformably, differentiated as the Urla group. Urla group consists of alluvial Beşiktepe Formation, the Pırnallı island  volcaniclastics, which is composed of sublacustrine volcanic density-flow deposits and felsic ignimbrites, Hekim Adası basalt comprising basic volcanics and lacustrine Urla limestone, respectively from bottom to top. Beşiktepe Formation only exposed on Uzun Ada, overlies the Foça tuff with an unconformity indicating a basin margin deposition during the Middle Miocene. Pırnallı island volcaniclastic succession, which its lower boundary does not expose within the area on Hekim Adası and Çiçek Adaları, is mainly composed of epiclastics deposited by the dynamics of sublacustrine gravity flow and includes trachytic ignimbrite layers in various welding degrees. The main lithologic components of Pırnallı island volcaniclastics derived from alkaline trachytic volcanism, which was active during the Middle Miocene in Menteş Yarımadası (peninsula). The eruption center of Hekim Adası basalt intruding as a sill to the bottom of Urla limestone succession is on Hekim Adası. Along the upper contact of the basalt intruding backshore deposits at the bottom of Urla limestone, the peperites occurred reflecting the interaction between molten lava and unconsolidated sediment. A K/Ar age of 14,8±0,8 Ma is obtained from the basic lavas called as trachybasalt and basaltic trachyandesite according to the major element composition. Hekim Adası basalt, which exposed at the center of Foça Depression, can be correlated with both the Ilıpınar basalt in Foça Yarımadası the Ovacık basalt in Urla basin with respect to chrono- and lithostratigraphy. Urla limestone succession, which transgressively overlies Hekim Adası basalt, begins with backshore mudstones, continues with foreshore deposits comprising stromatolitic oncoids and algal bioclasts and lasts with cherty limestones. 

References

  • Agostini, S., Tokçaer, M., Savaşçın, M.Y. 2010. Volcanic rocks from Foça-Karaburun and Ayvalık-Lesvos Grabens (Western Anatolia) and their petrogenic- geodynamic significance. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 19, 157-184.
  • Akay, E., 2000, Magmatic and tectonic evolution of the Yuntdağ volcanic complex (Western Anatolia). PhD thesis, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 137 s. İzmir (Not published)
  • Akay, E., Erdoğan, B. 2001. Formation of subaqueus felsic domes and accompanying pyroclastic deposits on the Foça Peninsula (İzmir, Turkey). International Geology Review 43, 661-674.
  • Akay, E., Erdoğan, B. 2004. Evolution of Neogene calc-alkaline to alkaline volcanism in the Aliağa-Foça region (western Anatolia, Turkey). Journal of Asian Sciences 24, 367-387.
  • Akyürek, B. ve Soysal, Y. 1983. Biga yarımadası güneyinin (Savaştepe-Kırkağaç-Bergama-Ayvalık) temel jeoloji özellikleri. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 95/96, 1-12.
  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Yılmaz, Y. 2000. Foça yöresinin jeolojisi ve aktif tektoniği, Batı Anadolu. Batı Anadolu’nun Depremselliği Sempozyumu (BADSEM 2000), 24-27 Mayıs 2000, İzmir, Bildiriler, 160–165.
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  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Rogers, N.W., Kelley S.P. 2010. Causes and effects of geochemical variations in late Cenozoic volcanism of the Foça volcanic centre, NW Anatolia, Turkey. International Geology Review 52, 579-607.
  • Borsi,S.,Ferrara,C.,Innocenti,F.,Mazzuoli,R.1972.Geochronology and petrology of recent volcanics of Eastern Aegean Sea. Bulletin of Volcanology, 36, 473-496.
  • Brown, J.B., Bell, B.R. 2007. How do you grade peperites? Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 159, 409–420.
  • Cas, R.A.F., Wright, J.V. 1987. Volcanic successions modern and ancient. Chapman & Hall, UK, 528 s.
  • Çakmakoğlu, A., Bilgin, Z.R. 2006. Karaburun YarımAda sı’nın Neojen öncesi stratigrafisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi, 132, 33-62.
  • Dönmez, M., Türkecan, A., Akçay, A.E., Hakyemez, H.Y., Sevin, D. 1998. İzmir ve kuzeyinin jeolojisi, Tersiyer volkanizmasının petrografik ve kimyasal özellikleri. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 10181 123 s. Ankara (unpublished).
  • Ejima, Y., Fujina, T., Tagaki, H., ShimAda , K., Iwagana, T., Yoneda, Y., Murakomi, Y. 1987. The pre- feasibility study on the Dikili-Bergama geothermal development Project in the Republic of Turkey, Progress Report II: (unpublished).
  • Ercan, T., Satır, M., Sevin, D., Türkecan, A. 1997. Batı Anadolu’da Tersiyer ve Kuvaterner yaşlı volkanik kayaçlarda yeni yapılan radyometrik yaş ölçümlerinin yorumu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 119, 103-112.
  • Eşder, T., Tunçay, İ., Yakabağ, A., Ölmez, E., Güner, A.1994. Aliağa (İzmir) sahasının jeotermal enerji olanaklarının gradyan ve araştırma kuyuları ile jeoloji, jeofizik olarak incelenmesi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 9467, 213 s. (not published)
  • Göktaş, F. 2010. Çeşme Yarımada sı’ndaki Neojen tortullaşması ve volkanizmasının jeolojik etüdü. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 11389, 64 s. Ankara (unpublished).
  • Göktaş, F. 2011. Urla (İzmir) çöküntüsündeki Neojen tortullaşması ve volkanizmasının jeolojik etüdü. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 11568, 112 s. Ankara (unpublished).
  • Göktaş, F. 2014. Karaburun (İzmir) çevresinin Neojen stratigrafisi ve paleocoğrafik evrimi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 149, 71-94.
  • Helvacı, C., Ersoy, Y., Sözbilir, H., Erkül, F., Sümer, Ö., Uzel, B. 2009. Geochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of Miocene volcanic rocks from the Karaburun Peninsula: Implications for amphibole- bearing lithospheric mantle source, Western Anatolia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 185, 181-202.
  • Karacık, Z., Genç, Ş.C., Gülmez, F. 2013. Petrochemical features of Miocene volcanism around the Çubukludağ graben and Karaburun Peninsula, Western Turkey: Implications for crustal melting related silisic volcanism. Journal of Asian Earth Science 73, 199-217.
  • Kaya, O. 1979. Ortadoğu Ege çöküntüsünün (Neojen) stratigrafisi ve tektoniği. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni 22/1, 35-58.
  • Kaya, O. 1981. Miocene reference section for the coastal parts of West Anatolia. Newsletters on Stratigraphy 10, 164–191.
  • Kaya, O., Ünay, E., Göktaş, F., Saraç, G. 2007. Early Miocene stratigraphy of Central West Anatolia, Turkey: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Eastern Aegean area. Geological Journal 42, 85-109.
  • Le Bas, M.J., Le Maitre, R.W., Streckeisen, A., Zanettin, B. 1986. A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on total alkali-silica diagram. Journal of Petrology 27, 745-750.
  • Miyashiro, A. 1978. Nature of alkaline volcanic series. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 66, 91–104
  • Öngür, T. 1972. Dikili-Bergama jeotermal araştırma sahasına ilişkin jeoloji raporu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No:5444, 70 s. (unpublished).
  • Postma, G., Nemec, W., Kleinspehn, K.L. 1988. Large floating clasts in turbidites: a mechanism for their emplacement. Sedimentary Geology, 58, 47-61.
  • Sayın, E. 2003. Physical features of the Izmir Bay. Continental Shelf Research 23, 957-970.
  • Seghedi, I., Helvacı, C., Pecskay, Z. 2015. Composite volcanoes in the South-eastern part of İzmir-Balıkesir Transfer Zone, Western Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volkanology and Geothermal Research 291, 72-85.
  • Türkecan, A., Ercan, T., Sevin, D. 1998. Karaburun YarımAda sı’nın Neojen volkanizması. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No:10185, 35 s. Ankara.
  • Yılmaz, Y. 2000. Ege bölgesinin aktif tektoniği. Batı Anadolu’nun depremselliği Sempozyumu (BADSEM-2000), 24-27 Mayıs 2000, İzmir, Bildiriler, 3-14.
  • Yılmaz, Y., Genç, Ş.C., Gürer, O.F., Bozcu, M., Yılmaz, K., Karacık, Z., Altunkaynak, Ş, Elmas, A. 2000. When did the western Anatolian grabens begin to develop?, Bozkurt, E., Winchester, J.A., Piper, J.A.D. (eds), Tectonics and Magmatism in Turkey and the Surrounding Area. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 173, 353–384.
Year 2016, Volume: 152 Issue: 152, 1 - 24, 25.05.2016
https://doi.org/10.19111/bmre.86643

Abstract


References

  • Agostini, S., Tokçaer, M., Savaşçın, M.Y. 2010. Volcanic rocks from Foça-Karaburun and Ayvalık-Lesvos Grabens (Western Anatolia) and their petrogenic- geodynamic significance. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 19, 157-184.
  • Akay, E., 2000, Magmatic and tectonic evolution of the Yuntdağ volcanic complex (Western Anatolia). PhD thesis, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 137 s. İzmir (Not published)
  • Akay, E., Erdoğan, B. 2001. Formation of subaqueus felsic domes and accompanying pyroclastic deposits on the Foça Peninsula (İzmir, Turkey). International Geology Review 43, 661-674.
  • Akay, E., Erdoğan, B. 2004. Evolution of Neogene calc-alkaline to alkaline volcanism in the Aliağa-Foça region (western Anatolia, Turkey). Journal of Asian Sciences 24, 367-387.
  • Akyürek, B. ve Soysal, Y. 1983. Biga yarımadası güneyinin (Savaştepe-Kırkağaç-Bergama-Ayvalık) temel jeoloji özellikleri. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 95/96, 1-12.
  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Yılmaz, Y. 2000. Foça yöresinin jeolojisi ve aktif tektoniği, Batı Anadolu. Batı Anadolu’nun Depremselliği Sempozyumu (BADSEM 2000), 24-27 Mayıs 2000, İzmir, Bildiriler, 160–165.
  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Yılmaz, Y., Rogers, N., Kelley, S. 2006. Batı Anadolu’daki Çarpışma Sonrası Magmatizmanın Petrojenetik Evrimi; Foça Volkanikleri. 59. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 20-24 Mart 2006, Ankara, Bildiriler, 37-38.
  • Altunkaynak, Ş., Rogers, N.W., Kelley S.P. 2010. Causes and effects of geochemical variations in late Cenozoic volcanism of the Foça volcanic centre, NW Anatolia, Turkey. International Geology Review 52, 579-607.
  • Borsi,S.,Ferrara,C.,Innocenti,F.,Mazzuoli,R.1972.Geochronology and petrology of recent volcanics of Eastern Aegean Sea. Bulletin of Volcanology, 36, 473-496.
  • Brown, J.B., Bell, B.R. 2007. How do you grade peperites? Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 159, 409–420.
  • Cas, R.A.F., Wright, J.V. 1987. Volcanic successions modern and ancient. Chapman & Hall, UK, 528 s.
  • Çakmakoğlu, A., Bilgin, Z.R. 2006. Karaburun YarımAda sı’nın Neojen öncesi stratigrafisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi, 132, 33-62.
  • Dönmez, M., Türkecan, A., Akçay, A.E., Hakyemez, H.Y., Sevin, D. 1998. İzmir ve kuzeyinin jeolojisi, Tersiyer volkanizmasının petrografik ve kimyasal özellikleri. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 10181 123 s. Ankara (unpublished).
  • Ejima, Y., Fujina, T., Tagaki, H., ShimAda , K., Iwagana, T., Yoneda, Y., Murakomi, Y. 1987. The pre- feasibility study on the Dikili-Bergama geothermal development Project in the Republic of Turkey, Progress Report II: (unpublished).
  • Ercan, T., Satır, M., Sevin, D., Türkecan, A. 1997. Batı Anadolu’da Tersiyer ve Kuvaterner yaşlı volkanik kayaçlarda yeni yapılan radyometrik yaş ölçümlerinin yorumu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 119, 103-112.
  • Eşder, T., Tunçay, İ., Yakabağ, A., Ölmez, E., Güner, A.1994. Aliağa (İzmir) sahasının jeotermal enerji olanaklarının gradyan ve araştırma kuyuları ile jeoloji, jeofizik olarak incelenmesi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 9467, 213 s. (not published)
  • Göktaş, F. 2010. Çeşme Yarımada sı’ndaki Neojen tortullaşması ve volkanizmasının jeolojik etüdü. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 11389, 64 s. Ankara (unpublished).
  • Göktaş, F. 2011. Urla (İzmir) çöküntüsündeki Neojen tortullaşması ve volkanizmasının jeolojik etüdü. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No: 11568, 112 s. Ankara (unpublished).
  • Göktaş, F. 2014. Karaburun (İzmir) çevresinin Neojen stratigrafisi ve paleocoğrafik evrimi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Dergisi 149, 71-94.
  • Helvacı, C., Ersoy, Y., Sözbilir, H., Erkül, F., Sümer, Ö., Uzel, B. 2009. Geochemistry and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of Miocene volcanic rocks from the Karaburun Peninsula: Implications for amphibole- bearing lithospheric mantle source, Western Anatolia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 185, 181-202.
  • Karacık, Z., Genç, Ş.C., Gülmez, F. 2013. Petrochemical features of Miocene volcanism around the Çubukludağ graben and Karaburun Peninsula, Western Turkey: Implications for crustal melting related silisic volcanism. Journal of Asian Earth Science 73, 199-217.
  • Kaya, O. 1979. Ortadoğu Ege çöküntüsünün (Neojen) stratigrafisi ve tektoniği. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni 22/1, 35-58.
  • Kaya, O. 1981. Miocene reference section for the coastal parts of West Anatolia. Newsletters on Stratigraphy 10, 164–191.
  • Kaya, O., Ünay, E., Göktaş, F., Saraç, G. 2007. Early Miocene stratigraphy of Central West Anatolia, Turkey: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Eastern Aegean area. Geological Journal 42, 85-109.
  • Le Bas, M.J., Le Maitre, R.W., Streckeisen, A., Zanettin, B. 1986. A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on total alkali-silica diagram. Journal of Petrology 27, 745-750.
  • Miyashiro, A. 1978. Nature of alkaline volcanic series. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 66, 91–104
  • Öngür, T. 1972. Dikili-Bergama jeotermal araştırma sahasına ilişkin jeoloji raporu. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No:5444, 70 s. (unpublished).
  • Postma, G., Nemec, W., Kleinspehn, K.L. 1988. Large floating clasts in turbidites: a mechanism for their emplacement. Sedimentary Geology, 58, 47-61.
  • Sayın, E. 2003. Physical features of the Izmir Bay. Continental Shelf Research 23, 957-970.
  • Seghedi, I., Helvacı, C., Pecskay, Z. 2015. Composite volcanoes in the South-eastern part of İzmir-Balıkesir Transfer Zone, Western Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volkanology and Geothermal Research 291, 72-85.
  • Türkecan, A., Ercan, T., Sevin, D. 1998. Karaburun YarımAda sı’nın Neojen volkanizması. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Rapor No:10185, 35 s. Ankara.
  • Yılmaz, Y. 2000. Ege bölgesinin aktif tektoniği. Batı Anadolu’nun depremselliği Sempozyumu (BADSEM-2000), 24-27 Mayıs 2000, İzmir, Bildiriler, 3-14.
  • Yılmaz, Y., Genç, Ş.C., Gürer, O.F., Bozcu, M., Yılmaz, K., Karacık, Z., Altunkaynak, Ş, Elmas, A. 2000. When did the western Anatolian grabens begin to develop?, Bozkurt, E., Winchester, J.A., Piper, J.A.D. (eds), Tectonics and Magmatism in Turkey and the Surrounding Area. Geological Society of London, Special Publication 173, 353–384.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Fikret Göktaş This is me

Publication Date May 25, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 152 Issue: 152

Cite

APA Göktaş, F. (2016). NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 152(152), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.19111/bmre.86643
AMA Göktaş F. NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. May 2016;152(152):1-24. doi:10.19111/bmre.86643
Chicago Göktaş, Fikret. “NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 152, no. 152 (May 2016): 1-24. https://doi.org/10.19111/bmre.86643.
EndNote Göktaş F (May 1, 2016) NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 152 152 1–24.
IEEE F. Göktaş, “NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS”, Bull.Min.Res.Exp., vol. 152, no. 152, pp. 1–24, 2016, doi: 10.19111/bmre.86643.
ISNAD Göktaş, Fikret. “NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 152/152 (May 2016), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.19111/bmre.86643.
JAMA Göktaş F. NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2016;152:1–24.
MLA Göktaş, Fikret. “NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, vol. 152, no. 152, 2016, pp. 1-24, doi:10.19111/bmre.86643.
Vancouver Göktaş F. NEOGENE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE İZMİR -OUTER- BAY ISLANDS. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2016;152(152):1-24.

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