Geology of the Baskil (Elazığ) Area and the Petrology of Baskil Magmatics

Year 1986, Volume: 107 Issue: 107, 51 - 69, 01.12.1986

H. Jerf Asutay

Abstract

The study area which covers the region around Baskil on Eastern Taurus Range comprises of Keban metamorphics and Baskil magmatics overlain by a Tertiary sedimentary cover. The Keban metamorphics are represented by regional and contact metamorphic rocks in the study area. Calc schist and marble associations are widespread on the regional scale. Between Baskil granite and Keban metamorphics exomorphism and endomorphism zones have been developed. Metasomatic effects are observed in the contact metamorphic rocks which reflect the pyroxene-hornfels facies. The sedimentary sequence begins with Middle Paleocene (Thanetian) aged rocks in the study area. The same sequence, however, has been deposited starting in Santonian-Campanian in the surrounding area. The sedimentary rock sequence which is composed of Kuşçular conglomerate, Seske formation, Kırkgeçit formation (Paleocene-Plio-Quaternary) are represented by conglomerate, carbonates and flysch kind of sedimentary rocks. Baskil magmatics are an association of plutonic, hypabyssal and volcanic rocks. Of this association, Baskil granite contains dioritic, monzonitic and tonalitic kind of magmatic rocks which are mostly observed as transitional. Baskil granite, in the study area, is frequently cut across by basic and acidic dykes which locally intrudes between the granite and the basaltic, andesitic rocks overlying the granite and are transitional with the volcanics. Chemically, Baskil granite is of calc-alkaline type. It is rich in silica and alkaline. Trace element distribution is quite regular. Baskil granite which is determined as of type 'I' is generally rich in hornblende but poor in muscovite and biotite. It shows the features of continental margin magmatism and is an example of systematic differentiation. Considering their features and under the light of plate tectonics concept, Baskil magmatics may be said to be a product of continental margin magmatism. They are, presumably, the products of an oceanic lithosphere existing between Keban microplate and Arabian platform which later on subducted under Keban microplate

Keywords

-

References

• Asutay, H.J., 1985; Baskil (Elazığ) çevresinin jeolojik ve petrografik incelenmesi: Ph. D. Thesis A. Ü. F. F. (unpublished), Ankara.
• and Turan M., 1986, Doğu Toroslar, Keban-Baskil (Elazığ) dolaylarının jeolojisi: MTA Rep. (printed).
• Balçık, A.; Tüfekçi, M.Ş.; Koyuncu, M. and Ulutürk, Y., 1978, Keban madeni, Derebaca ve Fırat ocağı geliştirme raporu: MTA Maden Etüt ve Arama Dairesi Rep., 1581 (unpublished), Ankara.
• Bingöl, A.F., 1982, Elazığ-Pertek-Kovancılar arası volkanik kayaçların petrolojisi: Fırat Univ. Fen Fak. Bull.,I, 9-21.
• , 1984, Geology of the Elazığ area in the Eastern Taurus region: Tekeli, O. and Göncüoğlu, M.C. ed., Geology of the Taurus belt, Proceedings, 209-216.
• Buddington, A.F., 1958, Granite emplacement with special reference to N. America: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 60, 511-704.
• Chappell, B.W. and White, A.J.R., 1974, Two contrasting granite types: Pac. Geol., 8, 173-174.
• Coleman, M.L., 1980; Isotopic analysis of trace sulphur from some sand I type granites heredity or environment: M.P.A. Therton and J. Jarney ed., Origin of granite batholiths, Geochemical Evidence shiva Publishing Ltd.,v129-133, London.
• ElE, 1972, Keban ve çevresinin jeoloji haritası: EİE Rep. (unpublished).
• Gysin, M., 1943; Recherches Geologique, Petrographiques et Minieres dans la region de Divrik (Anatolie): Memoires de la Societe de Pysique et d'Historie Naturel de Geneve, 42, fas. 2.
• Hakyemez, Y. and Örçen, S., 1982, Medik-Ebreme dolayındaki (Malatya KB sı) Senozoyik yaşlı çökel kayaların stratigrafisi ve sedimantolojisi: MTA Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi Rep. 186 (unpublished), Ankara-Turkey.
• Hempton, M.R. and Savcı G., 1982; Elazığ volkanik karmaşığının petrolojik ve yapısal özellikleri: Türkiye Jeol. Kur. Bull., 25, 2, 143-151.
• , 1984, Results of detailed mapping near lake Hazar (Eastern Taurus Mountains): Tekeli, O. and Göncüoğlu, M.C. ed., Geology of the Taurus Belt Proceedings, 223-228.
• Hine, R.; Williams, I. S.; Chappel, B.W. and White, A.J.R., 1978, Contrasts between I and S type granitoids of the Kosciusko batholith: J. Geol. Soc., August; 25, 219-234.
• Huang, W.L. and P.J. Wyllie, 1975, Melting reactions in the system NaAlSi3O8 - KAlSi3O8 to 35 kilobars dry and excess water: J. Geology, 83, 737-748:
• Irvine, T.N. and Baragar, W.R.A., 1971, A A guide to the chemical classification of the cornmon volcanic rocks: Can Jour. Earth Sci., 8, 523-548.
• Ishiara, S., 1978, Metallogenesis in the Jepanese bland are system: J. Geol. Soc., 1351, 389-406, London.
• Kipman, E., 1976, Keban'ın jeolojisi ve volkanitlerinin petrolojisi: Ph. D. Thesis (unpublished), İst. Univ. Fen Fak., İstanbul-Turkey.
• Kuno, H., 1960, High-alumina basalts: Journal of Petrology, I, 121-145.
• MacDonald, G.A. and Katsura, J., 1964, Chemical composition of Hawaian lavas: Journal of Petrology, 5, 82-133.
• Miyashiro, A., 1975, Classification characteristics and origin of ophiolites: Journal of Geology, 83, 249-281.
• Naz, H., 1979, Elazığ-Palu dolayının jeolojisi: TPAO Rep., 1360.
• O'neil, J.R.; Show, S.E. and Flood, R.H., 1977, Oxygen and hydrogene izotope composition as indicators of granite genesis in the New England batholith, Australia: Contrib. Mineral Petrol; 62, 313-328.
• Özgül, N., 1976, Toroslar'ın bazı temel jeoloji özellikleri: Türkiye Jeol. Kur. Bült, 19, I, 65-78.
• , 1981, Munzur dağının jeolojisi: MTA Rep., 6995 (unpublished), Ankara-Turkey.
• Pankhurst, R.J., 1980, Isotope and trace element evidence for the origin and evolution of Caledonian granites in the Scottish highlands: M.P. Atherton and J. Jarney ed., Origin of granite Batholiths, Geochemical Evidence. Shiva Publishing Ltd., 18-33, London.
• Pearce, J.A. and Gale, G.H., 1977, Identification of ore-deposition environment from trace-element geochemistry of associated igneous host rocks: Geol. Soc. London. Spec. Publ., 7, 14-24.
• Perincek, D., 1979a: Palu-Karabegan-Elazığ-Sivrice-Malatya alanının jeolojisi ve petrol imkanları: TPAO Rep., 1361. , 1979b, Interrelations of the Arap and Anatolian Plates: Guide Book for excursion B, First Geological Congress on Middle East.
• and Özkaya, İ, 1981, Tectonic evolution of the northern margin of Arabian plate: Yerbilimleri, 8, 91-101.
• Pitcher, W.S., 1979, The Nature ascent and emplacement of granitic magmas: J. Geol. Soc., 136, 627-662, London.
• , 1980, Comments on the geological environments of granites: M.P. Atherton and J. Tarney ed., Origin of granite batholiths, Geochemical evidence. Shiva Publishing, L.T.D., 1-8, London.
• Read, H.H., 1948, Granites and granites: Geol. Soc. Am. Mem., 28, 1-11.
• , 1957, The granite controversy: Thomas Murphy., London.
• Sağıroğlu, A., 1982, Contact metasomatism and ore deposition of the lead-zinc deposits of Akdağmadeni Yozgat-Turkey. Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. of London.
• Streckeisen, A., 1976, To each plutonic rock its proper name: Eart-Sci. Reviews, 12, 1-33.
• Tuna, E., 1979, Elazığ-Palu-Pertek bölgesinin jeolojisi: TPAO Rep., 1363.
• Turan, M., 1984, Baskil-Aydınlar yöresinin stratigrafisi ve tektoniği Doktora tezi (yayımlanmamış), Fırat Üniv. Fen-Ed. Fak.
• Turekian, K.K. and Wedepohi, W.H., 1961, Distribution of the elements in some major units of the earth crust: Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 72, 175-192.
• Wager, L.R., 1960, The major element variation of the layers series of the skaergaard intrusion: Journal of Petrology,1, 364-398.
• White, A.J.R. and Chappell, B.W., 1977, Ultrametamorphism and granitoid genesis: Tectonophysics, 43, 7-22.
• Winkler, H.G.F., 1974, Petrogenesis of metamorphic rocks Springer-Verlag (third edition) Berlin-Heildelberg-New York.
• Wright, J.B., 1969, A simple alkalinity ratio and its application to question of non-orogenic granite genesis: Geol. Mag., 106, 370-384.
• and Asutay, H.J., 1981, Definition of structural units located between Arabian platform and Munzur Mountains and their significance in the geodynamic evolution of the area: 35th Congress of the geological Society of Turkey, abstracts, 44-45.
• Yazgan, E., 1984, Geodynamic evolution of eastern Taurus belt.: Tekeli, O. and Göncüoğlu, M.C. ed., Geology of Taurus belt Proceedings, 199-201.