MINERALOGY-PETROGRAPHY AND GEOCHEMISTRY OF KONYA MIOCENE VOLCANIC UNITS AND GENERAL DETERMINATION OF NEOFORMED CLAY MINERALS

Year 2000, Volume: 122 Issue: 122, 43 - 44, 01.03.2000

Selahattin Kadir Zehra Karakaş

Abstract

-Volcanic, sedimentary and
volcano-sedimentary units are wide spreaded in south and southwest of Konya.
Mineralogy and micromorphology of ignimbrite and nuee ardentes as well as domes
exhibit characteristic of rhiyolite, dacite, andesite, basalt and tuff. Tuffs
are classified as vitric, lithic and crystal tuffs, based on the volcanic
glass, rock fragments and crystal properties while Argillisation and
limonitisation are common in tuff, these alteration products are less or not
present in the other volcanic rocks. Generally, argillisation and
limonitisation are dominant in the fracture of volcanic glasses, which is the
main component of tuffaceous units. In addition, argillisation is observed in
feldspar and opacitazat and chloritisation in biotite and hornblende. As a
result of XRD studies in the tuffaceous units Halloysite, kaolinite, smectite,
palygorskite and illite type clay minerals and opal-CT, feldspar, quartz,
amphibole, serpentine, minamiite and jarosite type non-clay minerals are determined
SEM studies indicate that halloysite, kaolinite and smectite are generally
developed in the dissolution voids and fractures of volcanic glasses. Chemical
analyses reveal that halloysite, kaolinite and smectite units and adjacent
volcanic rocks are similar. Formation of clay minerals in the study area are
controlled by the movement of water as well as the mobility of the ions of
volcanic glass and feldspar. The field observation, mineralogical, chemical,
and micromorphological determinations indicate that halloysite, kaolinite and
smectite could be formed diagenetically following the period of depositions of
tuffaceous materials by the effect of ground and meteoric water.

Keywords

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