Stratigraphic and Structural Features of The Yeşilbarak Nappe in Western Taurus Range and İts Comparison With The Similar Units in SE Anatolia and North Cyprus

Yıl 2004, Cilt: 128 Sayı: 128, 1 - 26, 01.09.2004

Mustafa Şenel

Öz

The Yeşilbarak nappe
is situated in between the Lycian nappes and Beydağları autochthon in southeast
Turkey; it is a continuous unit for long distance and has an intermediate zone
character. It is generally made up of turbiditic elastics of Upper
Lutetian-Lower Miocene age and comprises of more or less different structural
units such as Gömbe and Yavuz units. The latter is observed as overlying the
former unit and in many places it is overturned. At the base of the Gömbe unit,
the Gebeler formation which is made up of Upper Cretaceous neritic carbonates
takes place. The Gömbe unit is represented by two formations: a) Upper
Lutetian- Lower Miocene Elmalı formation which comprises sandstone with
limestone intercalations, siltstone and claystone, and b) Upper
Burdigalian-Lower Langhian Ucarsu formation which is made up of sandstone with limestone
bands and lenses, and conglomerates. The second structural unit of the Yeşilbarak
nappe, the Yavuz unit is represented by Yavuz formation which comprises
limestone-interbedded sandstone, siltstone and claystone of Upper
Lutetian-Priabonian age. The Gebeler and Uçarsu formations of Gömbe unit are
observed only in limited locations. The Yeşilbarak nappe has undergone
intensive deformation related to the southward movement of the Lycian nappes at
the end of the Lower Miocene that resulted in a structure of folded, fractured and
overthrusted. The unit has been thrusted along a distance of tens of kilometers
southward together with the Lycian nappes on the Beydağları autochthone. In
southeast Anatolia, in between the Bitlis-Pötürge-Malatya nappes and Southeast
Anatolian autochthone, Eocene-Lower Miocene Çüngüş-Hakkari nappe, bearing the features
of turbiditic character, is observed in a long distance continuously, with an
intermediate zone character. This nappe, as well as in the case of the Yeşilbarak
nappe in Western Taurus range comprises of two structural units, the Çüngüş
formation and the Hakkari complex. The Eocene-Lower Miocene Çüngüş formation is
the lower unit which is made up of sandstone with occasional blocks, siltstone
and claystone and has similarities with the Elmalı formation of the Gömbe unit
in the west. The Hakkari complex, on the other hand, is the upper structural unit
and is composed of two more or less different structural units; the Urşe
formation of Eocene-Oligocene age made up of sandstone, claystone, limestone,
and the Durankaya formation of Lower-Middle Eocene age made up of sandstone with
occasional blocks, shale and conglomerate. These formations that belong to the
Hakkari complex may, even if
partially, be correlated with the Yavuz formation in the west. These
above-mentioned formations of the
Çüngüş-Hakkari nappe have undergone intensive deformation related to the
southward movement of the Bitlis-Pötürge-Malatya nappes in Miocene and have
been thrusted on the Southeast Anatolian autochthone for tens of kilometers.
Similar formations with that of the Yeşilbarak nappe and the Middle Eocene- Lower
Miocene clastic rocks of the Çüngüş-Hakkari nappe can be observed widespreadly
in northern Cyprus. Allochthonous masses have been emplaced on these clastic
rocks in Cyprus during Miocene. The Middle Eocene-Lower Miocene elastics have
been thrusted by the Ovgos fault southward in the region, however, no large-scale
thrusting as observed in Anatolia has not occurred here, in Cyprus. All these
data indicate that the results of large-scale nappe tectonics in southern
Turkey reveal the occurrence of more or less similar structural styles.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yesilbarak Nappe, Stratigraphy, Correlation, Western Taurides, SE Anatolia

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