DEVELOPMENT OF CYBER BYSTANDER ROLES AND CYBER SEVERITY SCALE: VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of Cyber Bystander Roles Scale (CBRS) and Cyber Severity Scale (CSS). The research was conducted in high schools in Erzurum, Türkiye, during 2024. The schools included in the study were selected using a random method. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on a sample of 742 students (439 female, 303 male), while confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on a sample of 374 students (234 female, 140 male). The psychometric properties of the scales were analysed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), internal consistency coefficients, and item discrimination methods. As a result of EFA, it was determined that CBRS consists of 14 items and 4 sub-dimensions (supporting cyber victims, supporting cyberbullying, exclusion, and opposing cyberbullying) that explain 71.63% of the total variance. CSS, on the other hand, consists of 8 items and a single factor explaining 48.96% of the total variance. CFA was performed to test the validity of the four-factor structure of CBRS and the single-factor structure of CSS based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis. The results confirmed the four-factor structure of CBRS and the single-factor structure of CSS. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficients for CBRS's supporting cyber victims, supporting cyber bullies, staying out of it, and standing up to cyberbullying were found to be .81, .86, .80, and .87, respectively. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient for CSS was determined to be .73. These results reveal that the CBRS and CSS are valid and reliable measurement tools that can be used with cyber bystander.

Keywords

• Cyberbullying
• Cyber bystander roles
• Cyber seriousness
• Adolescents

SİBER İZLEYİCİ ROLLERİ VE SİBER CİDDİYET ÖLÇEĞİNİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı Siber İzleyici Rolleri (SİRÖ) ve Siber Ciddiyet Ölçeği'nin (SCÖ) geçerlik ve güvenirliğini incelemektir. Araştırma 2024 yılında Erzurum ilindeki liselerde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmaya dahil olacak okullar random yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizleri işlemleri 742 (439 Kız, 303 Erkek), doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) işlemleri için de 374 kişilik (234 Kız, 140 Erkek) bir örneklem grubu kullanılmıştır. Ölçeklerin psikometrik özellikleri, Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA), Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA), iç tutarlılık katsayısı ve madde ayırt ediciliği yöntemleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. AFA sonucunda SİRÖ’nün toplam varyansın %71,63’ünü açıklayan 14 madde ve 4 alt boyuttan (siber mağduru destekleme, siber zorbalığı destekleme, dışarıda kalma-tepkisizlik-, siber zorbalığa karşı çıkma) oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. SCÖ ise toplam varyansın %48,96’sını açıklayan 8 madde ve tek bir faktörden meydana gelmektedir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda SİRÖ’nün dört faktörlü ve SCÖ’nün tek faktörlü yapısına ilişkin geçerliğini sınamak için DFA yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar SİRÖ’nün dört ve SCÖ’nün tek faktörlü yapısının doğrulandığını göstermiştir. SİRÖ’nün siber mağduru destekleme, siber zorbayı destekleme, dışarıda kalma-tepkisizlik-, siber zorbalığa karşı çıkma Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayıları sırasıyla .81, .86, .80 ve .87 olarak bulunmuştur. SCÖ’nün Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı .73 olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar SİRÖ ve SCÖ’nün siber izleyicilerde kullanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

• Siber zorbalık
• Siber izleyici rolleri
• Siber ciddiyet
• Ergenler

Supporting Institution

Tubitak

Ethical Statement

Araştırma TUBİTAK 1001 124K512 nolu “Siber İzleyici Rolleri Farkındalık Modelinin Geliştirilmesi: Ergenlerin Siber Zorbalık Karşısında Güçlendirilmesi” projesinin bir bölümünü içermektedir. Etik kurul raporu projenin geneli için alınmıştır. desteklenmektedir

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