Research Article
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A General Evaluation Of Child Abuse İn Sport

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 2/1, 80 - 90, 27.12.2018

Abstract

In this study, a theoretical evaluation is made on how the practices of abuse develop in the sports environment and
how physical, emotional, sexual abuse and neglect behaviors, which are four forms of abuse, are constructed in a
way specific to the sports environment and culture. In general, studies on the subject show that sport is an area where
sport-specific exploitation practices occur besides general abuse practices. Despite the limited research in an
academic sense in Turkey; the studies on the subject started in the West in the 1980s and have gained intensity in the
1990s. Qualitative and quantitative studies conducted in the West point out that abuse in sports is a serious problem
and child protection programs should be developed against these risks.

References

  • Alexander K, Stafford A, Lewis R. (2011). The Experiences of Children Participating in Organised Sport in the UK. The University of Edinburgh/NSPCC, Child Protection Research Centre, Ediburgh.
  • Brackenridge C. (1994). Fair Play or Fair Game? Child Sexual Abuse in Sport Organisations. Int Rev for Soc of Sport; 29(3): 287-298.
  • Brackenridge C. (1997). He Owned Me Basically...: Women's Experience of Sexual Abuse in Sport. International Review for the Sociology of Sport;32(2): 115-130.
  • Brackenridge C, Kirby S. (1997). Playing Safe: Assessing the Risk of Sexual Abuse to Elite Child Athletes. International. Review for the Sociology of Sport; 32(4): 407–418.
  • Brackenridge C, Fasting K. (2002). Sexual Harassment and Abuse in Sport: The Research Context. The Journal of Sexual Aggression;8(2): 3-15.
  • Brackenridge C, Bishopp,D, Moussali, S, Tapp J. (2008). The characteristics of sexual abuse in sport: A multidimensional scaling analysis of events described in media reports. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology;6(4): 385-406.
  • Boocock S. (2002). The Child Protection İn Sport Unit. Journal Of Sexual Aggression;8: 99–106.
  • David P. (2005). Human Rights in Youth Sport. New York: Routledge.
  • Fasting K, Brackenridge C, Sundgot-Borgen J. (2003). Experiences of Sexual Harassment and Abuse Among Norwegian Elite Female Athletes and Nonathletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport; 74(1): 84–97.
  • Finkelhor D, Korbin J. (1988). Child Abuse as an International Issue. Child Abuse Neglect;12(1): 3-23.
  • Garbarino, J. Guttman, E. Deeley, J. (1986) . ‘’The Psychological Battered Child’’. Jossey-Boss, San Francisco.
  • Gervis M, Dunn N. (2004). The Emotional Abuse of Elite Child Athletes by Their Coaches. Child Abuse Review;13: 215-223.
  • Gönültaş MB. (2016). Cinsel İstismarcıların Çocuklara Yaklaşım Metot ve Teknikleri. Journal of World of Turks;8(1): 289-305.
  • Gündüz N, Sunay H, Koz M. (2008). Incidents of Sexual Harassment in Turkey on Elite Sportswomen. The Sport Journal;(19).
  • Hacısoftaoğlu İ, Akcan F. (2015). Sporun Sosyolojisi Olur mu? Ed: İ. Hacısoftaoğlu, F. Akcan, N. Bulgu. Oyunun Ötesinde Spor Sosyolojisi Çalışmaları içinde. Notabene yayınları, Ankara; s: 13-36.
  • Kerr G, Stirling A. (2008). Child Protection İn Sport: Implications Of An Athlete-Centered Philosophy. Quest;60: 307-323.
  • Kerr G, Stirling A, MacPherson E. (2014). A Critical Examination of Child Protection Initiatives in Sport Contexts. Social Sciences;3: 742-757.
  • Leahy T, Pretty G, Tenenbaum G. (2002). Prevalence of sexual abuse in organised competitive sport in Australia, Journal of Sexual Aggression;8(2): 16-36.Polat O. (2007) Tüm Boyutlarıyla Çocuk İstismarı Tanımlar I. Seçkin Yayınları. Ankara.
  • Stafford A, Alexander K, Fry D. (2013). Playing through Pain: Children and Young People’s Experiences of Physical Aggression and Violence in Sport. Child Abuse Review;22: 287–299.
  • Stirling AE, Kerr GA. (2008a) Elite Female Swimmers' Experiences of Emotional Abuse Across Time. Journal of Emotional Abuse. Volume 7,:Issue 4, pp. 89-113.
  • Stirling AE, Kerr GA. (2008b). Defining and Categorizing Emotional Abuse in Sport. European Journal of Sport Science; 8(4): 173-181.
  • Talimciler A. (2010). Sporun Sosyolojisi Sosyolojisin Sporu, Bağlam Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
  • Talimciler A. (2014). Türkiye’de Futbol Fanatizmi ve Medya İlişkisi. 2. Baskı, Bağlam Yayıncılık. İstanbul.
  • Topçu S. (2009). Cinsel İstismar. Phoenix Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Unicef. (2010). Protecting Children From Vıolence in Sport are Wiew With a Focus on İndustrialized Countries.
  • World Health Organization. (2002). World Report on Violence and Health, Geneva.
  • Vertommen T, Veldhovenc NS, Wouterse K, Kampenf JK, Brackenridge C, Rhind D, Neels K, Eede F. (2016). Interpersonal Violence Against Children in Sport in the Netherlands and Belgium. Child Abuse & Neglect;51: 223–236.
  • Yıldırım Doğru SS, Durmuşoğlu Saltalı N, Konuk Er R. (2012). Aile Refahı ve Koruma. Eğiten Kitap. Ankara.
  • Z-Page A. (2004). Çocuk Cinsel İstismarı: Cinsel İstismara Neden Olan Etkenler ve Cinsel İstismarın Çocuklar Üzerindeki Etkileri. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi;7(13): 103-113.

Sporda Çocuk İstismarı Üzerine Genel Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 2/1, 80 - 90, 27.12.2018

Abstract

Çalışmada istismar pratiklerinin spor ortamında nasıl geliştiğine ve istismarın dört biçimi olan fiziksel, duygusal, cinsel istismar ve ihmal davranışlarının spor ortamı ve kültürüne özgü bir şekilde nasıl inşa edildiğine dair kuramsal bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Genel olarak konuyla ilgili yapılmış çalışmalar sporun genel istismar pratiklerinin yanında spora özgü istismar pratiklerinin de gerçekleştiği bir alan olduğunu göstermektedir. Akademik anlamda Türkiye’de sınırlı sayıdaki istismar araştırmalarına karşın batıda 1980’li yıllardan itibaren konu ile ilgili çalışmalar başlamış ve 1990’lı yıllarda yoğunluk kazanmıştır. Batıda yapılan nitel ve nicel çalışmalar, spor kurumundaki istismarın ciddi problem olduğunu gösterdiği gibi söz konusu risklere karşı çocuk koruma programlarının geliştirilmesi gerektiğine dikkat çekmektedir.

References

  • Alexander K, Stafford A, Lewis R. (2011). The Experiences of Children Participating in Organised Sport in the UK. The University of Edinburgh/NSPCC, Child Protection Research Centre, Ediburgh.
  • Brackenridge C. (1994). Fair Play or Fair Game? Child Sexual Abuse in Sport Organisations. Int Rev for Soc of Sport; 29(3): 287-298.
  • Brackenridge C. (1997). He Owned Me Basically...: Women's Experience of Sexual Abuse in Sport. International Review for the Sociology of Sport;32(2): 115-130.
  • Brackenridge C, Kirby S. (1997). Playing Safe: Assessing the Risk of Sexual Abuse to Elite Child Athletes. International. Review for the Sociology of Sport; 32(4): 407–418.
  • Brackenridge C, Fasting K. (2002). Sexual Harassment and Abuse in Sport: The Research Context. The Journal of Sexual Aggression;8(2): 3-15.
  • Brackenridge C, Bishopp,D, Moussali, S, Tapp J. (2008). The characteristics of sexual abuse in sport: A multidimensional scaling analysis of events described in media reports. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology;6(4): 385-406.
  • Boocock S. (2002). The Child Protection İn Sport Unit. Journal Of Sexual Aggression;8: 99–106.
  • David P. (2005). Human Rights in Youth Sport. New York: Routledge.
  • Fasting K, Brackenridge C, Sundgot-Borgen J. (2003). Experiences of Sexual Harassment and Abuse Among Norwegian Elite Female Athletes and Nonathletes. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport; 74(1): 84–97.
  • Finkelhor D, Korbin J. (1988). Child Abuse as an International Issue. Child Abuse Neglect;12(1): 3-23.
  • Garbarino, J. Guttman, E. Deeley, J. (1986) . ‘’The Psychological Battered Child’’. Jossey-Boss, San Francisco.
  • Gervis M, Dunn N. (2004). The Emotional Abuse of Elite Child Athletes by Their Coaches. Child Abuse Review;13: 215-223.
  • Gönültaş MB. (2016). Cinsel İstismarcıların Çocuklara Yaklaşım Metot ve Teknikleri. Journal of World of Turks;8(1): 289-305.
  • Gündüz N, Sunay H, Koz M. (2008). Incidents of Sexual Harassment in Turkey on Elite Sportswomen. The Sport Journal;(19).
  • Hacısoftaoğlu İ, Akcan F. (2015). Sporun Sosyolojisi Olur mu? Ed: İ. Hacısoftaoğlu, F. Akcan, N. Bulgu. Oyunun Ötesinde Spor Sosyolojisi Çalışmaları içinde. Notabene yayınları, Ankara; s: 13-36.
  • Kerr G, Stirling A. (2008). Child Protection İn Sport: Implications Of An Athlete-Centered Philosophy. Quest;60: 307-323.
  • Kerr G, Stirling A, MacPherson E. (2014). A Critical Examination of Child Protection Initiatives in Sport Contexts. Social Sciences;3: 742-757.
  • Leahy T, Pretty G, Tenenbaum G. (2002). Prevalence of sexual abuse in organised competitive sport in Australia, Journal of Sexual Aggression;8(2): 16-36.Polat O. (2007) Tüm Boyutlarıyla Çocuk İstismarı Tanımlar I. Seçkin Yayınları. Ankara.
  • Stafford A, Alexander K, Fry D. (2013). Playing through Pain: Children and Young People’s Experiences of Physical Aggression and Violence in Sport. Child Abuse Review;22: 287–299.
  • Stirling AE, Kerr GA. (2008a) Elite Female Swimmers' Experiences of Emotional Abuse Across Time. Journal of Emotional Abuse. Volume 7,:Issue 4, pp. 89-113.
  • Stirling AE, Kerr GA. (2008b). Defining and Categorizing Emotional Abuse in Sport. European Journal of Sport Science; 8(4): 173-181.
  • Talimciler A. (2010). Sporun Sosyolojisi Sosyolojisin Sporu, Bağlam Yayıncılık, İstanbul.
  • Talimciler A. (2014). Türkiye’de Futbol Fanatizmi ve Medya İlişkisi. 2. Baskı, Bağlam Yayıncılık. İstanbul.
  • Topçu S. (2009). Cinsel İstismar. Phoenix Yayınları, İstanbul.
  • Unicef. (2010). Protecting Children From Vıolence in Sport are Wiew With a Focus on İndustrialized Countries.
  • World Health Organization. (2002). World Report on Violence and Health, Geneva.
  • Vertommen T, Veldhovenc NS, Wouterse K, Kampenf JK, Brackenridge C, Rhind D, Neels K, Eede F. (2016). Interpersonal Violence Against Children in Sport in the Netherlands and Belgium. Child Abuse & Neglect;51: 223–236.
  • Yıldırım Doğru SS, Durmuşoğlu Saltalı N, Konuk Er R. (2012). Aile Refahı ve Koruma. Eğiten Kitap. Ankara.
  • Z-Page A. (2004). Çocuk Cinsel İstismarı: Cinsel İstismara Neden Olan Etkenler ve Cinsel İstismarın Çocuklar Üzerindeki Etkileri. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi;7(13): 103-113.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Erdal Çetin

İlknur Hacısoftaoğlu Közleme

Publication Date December 27, 2018
Submission Date December 11, 2018
Acceptance Date December 26, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 8 Issue: 2/1

Cite

APA Çetin, E., & Hacısoftaoğlu Közleme, İ. (2018). Sporda Çocuk İstismarı Üzerine Genel Bir Değerlendirme. Batman Üniversitesi Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2/1), 80-90.